General Social Survey, 1978

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UNION Do you (or your spouse) belong to a labor union? (Who?)   1) Yes, respondent belongs   2) Yes, spouse belongs   3) Yes, both belong   4) No, neither belong   9) No answer

Pie Chart Bar Chart Cumulative Bar Chart

Category	Frequency	Percentage	Cumulative Percentage	Z-Score
Yes, respondent belongs	211	13.8%	13.8%	-2.17
Yes, spouse belongs	118	7.7%	21.5%	-1.27
Yes, both belong	26	1.7%	23.2%	-.38
No, neither belong	1176	76.8%	99.9%	.52
No answer	1	.1%	100%	5.01

Variable Comparisons

Age Sex Education Race Religion Political party Region Worship attendance

Age (I-AGE)

	18-30	31-44	45-59	60-74	75+	TOTAL
Yes, respondent belongs	14.3% 64	16.9% 72	13.4% 42	11.6% 28	5.1% 5	13.8% 211
Yes, spouse belongs	7.8% 35	9.8% 42	7.3% 23	5.8% 14	3.1% 3	7.7% 117
Yes, both belong	0.9% 4	1.9% 8	3.2% 10	1.7% 4	0.0% 0	1.7% 26
No, neither belong	76.9% 343	71.4% 305	75.7% 237	80.9% 195	91.8% 90	76.7% 1170
No answer	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.3% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.1% 1
TOTAL	100.0% 446	100.0% 427	100.0% 313	100.0% 241	100.0% 98	1525

Sex (I-SEX)

	Male	Female	TOTAL
Yes, respondent belongs	23.5% 151	6.7% 60	13.8% 211
Yes, spouse belongs	1.7% 11	12.0% 107	7.7% 118
Yes, both belong	2.2% 14	1.3% 12	1.7% 26
No, neither belong	72.6% 467	79.8% 709	76.8% 1176
No answer	0.0% 0	0.1% 1	0.1% 1
TOTAL	100.0% 643	100.0% 889	1532

Education (I-EDUC)

	Less than high school	High school	Associate/Junior college	Bachelor's	Graduate	TOTAL
Yes, respondent belongs	12.8% 60	15.3% 123	9.5% 4	7.9% 12	19.4% 12	13.8% 211
Yes, spouse belongs	8.1% 38	9.1% 73	7.1% 3	1.3% 2	3.2% 2	7.7% 118
Yes, both belong	1.9% 9	1.7% 14	0.0% 0	1.3% 2	1.6% 1	1.7% 26
No, neither belong	77.0% 362	73.9% 594	83.3% 35	89.4% 135	75.8% 47	76.7% 1173
No answer	0.2% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.1% 1
TOTAL	100.0% 470	100.0% 804	100.0% 42	100.0% 151	100.0% 62	1529

Race (I-RACE)

	White	Black	Other	TOTAL
Yes, respondent belongs	13.0% 177	20.3% 32	12.5% 2	13.8% 211
Yes, spouse belongs	8.2% 111	4.4% 7	0.0% 0	7.7% 118
Yes, both belong	1.7% 23	1.9% 3	0.0% 0	1.7% 26
No, neither belong	77.1% 1047	72.8% 115	87.5% 14	76.8% 1176
No answer	0.0% 0	0.6% 1	0.0% 0	0.1% 1
TOTAL	100.0% 1358	100.0% 158	100.0% 16	1532

Religion (I-RELIGION)

	Protestant	Catholic	Jewish	None	Other	TOTAL
Yes, respondent belongs	12.4% 121	15.9% 61	13.8% 4	16.8% 20	29.4% 5	13.8% 211
Yes, spouse belongs	7.4% 72	9.6% 37	3.4% 1	5.9% 7	5.9% 1	7.7% 118
Yes, both belong	1.5% 15	2.3% 9	0.0% 0	0.8% 1	5.9% 1	1.7% 26
No, neither belong	78.7% 770	72.1% 277	82.8% 24	76.5% 91	58.8% 10	76.7% 1172
No answer	0.1% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.1% 1
TOTAL	100.0% 979	100.0% 384	100.0% 29	100.0% 119	100.0% 17	1528

Political party (I-PARTYID)

	Democrat	Independent	Republican	Other	TOTAL
Yes, respondent belongs	16.0% 97	15.1% 84	7.8% 28	20.0% 2	13.8% 211
Yes, spouse belongs	7.8% 47	6.8% 38	9.2% 33	0.0% 0	7.7% 118
Yes, both belong	3.1% 19	0.7% 4	0.8% 3	0.0% 0	1.7% 26
No, neither belong	73.1% 442	77.1% 428	82.1% 293	80.0% 8	76.7% 1171
No answer	0.0% 0	0.2% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.1% 1
TOTAL	100.0% 605	100.0% 555	100.0% 357	100.0% 10	1527

Region (I-REGION)

	Northeast	Midwest	South	West	TOTAL
Yes, respondent belongs	18.5% 62	17.4% 77	8.0% 40	12.7% 32	13.8% 211
Yes, spouse belongs	8.1% 27	10.6% 47	6.0% 30	5.6% 14	7.7% 118
Yes, both belong	2.1% 7	3.2% 14	0.4% 2	1.2% 3	1.7% 26
No, neither belong	71.3% 239	68.8% 305	85.5% 429	80.6% 203	76.8% 1176
No answer	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.2% 1	0.0% 0	0.1% 1
TOTAL	100.0% 335	100.0% 443	100.0% 502	100.0% 252	1532

Worship attendance (I-ATTEND)

	Never	Less than once a month	Less than once a week	Weekly or more	TOTAL
Yes, respondent belongs	16.3% 39	17.6% 90	11.0% 39	10.0% 42	13.8% 210
Yes, spouse belongs	7.5% 18	6.8% 35	9.0% 32	7.8% 33	7.7% 118
Yes, both belong	1.7% 4	1.6% 8	2.3% 8	1.4% 6	1.7% 26
No, neither belong	74.5% 178	74.0% 378	77.5% 275	80.8% 341	76.8% 1172
No answer	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.3% 1	0.0% 0	0.1% 1
TOTAL	100.0% 239	100.0% 511	100.0% 355	100.0% 422	1527