General Social Survey, 1993

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PRAYER The United States Supreme Court has ruled that no state or local government may require the reading of the Lord's Prayer or Bible verses in public schools. What are your views on this—do you approve or disapprove of the court ruling?   1) Approve   2) Disapprove   8) No opinion   9) No answer

Pie Chart Bar Chart Cumulative Bar Chart

Category	Frequency	Percentage	Cumulative Percentage	Z-Score
Approve	423	39.2%	39.2%	-.62
Disapprove	611	56.6%	95.7%	.1
No opinion	43	4%	99.7%	4.4
No answer	3	.3%	100%	5.11

Variable Comparisons

Age Worship attendance Education Gender Religion Political ideology Race

Age (I-AGE)

	18-29	30-44	45-59	60-74	75 and older	TOTAL
Approve	49.1% 104	44.3% 164	35.6% 84	28.7% 50	24.7% 21	39.3% 423
Disapprove	48.6% 103	49.2% 182	60.6% 143	67.8% 118	72.9% 62	56.5% 608
No opinion	2.4% 5	5.7% 21	3.8% 9	3.4% 6	2.4% 2	4.0% 43
No answer	0.0% 0	0.8% 3	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.3% 3
TOTAL	100.0% 212	100.0% 370	100.0% 236	100.0% 174	100.0% 85	1077

Worship attendance (I-ATTEND)

	Less than once a year	About once or twice a year	Several times a year	About once a month	Two to three times a month	Nearly every week	Once a week or more	TOTAL
Approve	52.7% 139	46.5% 60	46.3% 57	41.0% 34	35.2% 31	14.5% 9	28.1% 88	39.4% 418
Disapprove	43.6% 115	48.8% 63	48.8% 60	50.6% 42	61.4% 54	82.3% 51	68.4% 214	56.4% 599
No opinion	3.4% 9	4.7% 6	4.9% 6	8.4% 7	3.4% 3	1.6% 1	3.2% 10	4.0% 42
No answer	0.4% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	1.6% 1	0.3% 1	0.3% 3
TOTAL	100.0% 264	100.0% 129	100.0% 123	100.0% 83	100.0% 88	100.0% 62	100.0% 313	1062

Education (I-EDUC)

	Less than high school	High school	Junior college	Bachelor's degree	Graduate degree	TOTAL
Approve	27.8% 55	36.9% 211	35.4% 23	52.4% 87	60.3% 47	39.2% 423
Disapprove	68.2% 135	58.7% 336	61.5% 40	42.2% 70	37.2% 29	56.5% 610
No opinion	4.0% 8	4.4% 25	3.1% 2	3.6% 6	2.6% 2	4.0% 43
No answer	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	1.8% 3	0.0% 0	0.3% 3
TOTAL	100.0% 198	100.0% 572	100.0% 65	100.0% 166	100.0% 78	1079

Gender (I-GENDER)

	Male	Female	TOTAL
Approve	42.2% 202	36.8% 221	39.2% 423
Disapprove	54.5% 261	58.2% 350	56.6% 611
No opinion	3.1% 15	4.7% 28	4.0% 43
No answer	0.2% 1	0.3% 2	0.3% 3
TOTAL	100.0% 479	100.0% 601	1080

Religion (I-RELIGION)

	Protestant	Catholic	Jewish	None	Other	TOTAL
Approve	32.9% 228	38.0% 89	82.6% 19	74.0% 74	43.5% 10	39.1% 420
Disapprove	64.1% 444	54.3% 127	17.4% 4	22.0% 22	43.5% 10	56.6% 607
No opinion	2.7% 19	7.3% 17	0.0% 0	4.0% 4	13.0% 3	4.0% 43
No answer	0.3% 2	0.4% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.3% 3
TOTAL	100.0% 693	100.0% 234	100.0% 23	100.0% 100	100.0% 23	1073

Political ideology (I-POLITICS)

	Liberal and extremely liberal	Slightly liberal	Moderate, middle of the road	Slightly conservative	Conservative	Extremely conservative	TOTAL
Approve	48.9% 67	52.9% 72	37.8% 151	33.9% 60	32.7% 55	17.2% 5	39.2% 410
Disapprove	48.9% 67	43.4% 59	57.5% 230	63.8% 113	62.5% 105	82.8% 24	57.1% 598
No opinion	2.2% 3	3.7% 5	4.3% 17	2.3% 4	4.2% 7	0.0% 0	3.4% 36
No answer	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.5% 2	0.0% 0	0.6% 1	0.0% 0	0.3% 3
TOTAL	100.0% 137	100.0% 136	100.0% 400	100.0% 177	100.0% 168	100.0% 29	1047

Race (I-RACE)

	White	Black	Other	TOTAL
Approve	41.1% 373	25.2% 29	36.8% 21	39.2% 423
Disapprove	55.6% 505	69.6% 80	45.6% 26	56.6% 611
No opinion	3.0% 27	5.2% 6	17.5% 10	4.0% 43
No answer	0.3% 3	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.3% 3
TOTAL	100.0% 908	100.0% 115	100.0% 57	1080