American National Election Studies, Cumulative Data File, 1948-2004

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VCF0018B Was this interview conducted entirely in English, or was it necessary to translate some (or all) questions into another language? What language?   0) Interview conducted entirely in English   1) Some or all of interview translated to Spanish   3) Some or all of interview translated to French   4) Some or all of interview conducted in either Spanish or French   5) Some or all of interview translated to non-English language other than Spanish or French   7) Some or all of interview translated to non-English language but NA which language   9) NA if English or other language

Pie Chart Bar Chart Cumulative Bar Chart

Category	Frequency	Percentage	Cumulative Percentage	Z-Score
Interview conducted entirely in English	42386	97.7%	97.7%	-.15
Some or all of interview translated to Spanish	85	.2%	97.9%	.63
Some or all of interview translated to French	1	0%	97.9%	2.19
Some or all of interview conducted in either Spanish or French	15	0%	97.9%	2.98
Some or all of interview translated to non-English language other than Spanish or French	7	0%	97.9%	3.76
Some or all of interview translated to non-English language but NA which language	2	0%	97.9%	5.32
NA if English or other language	891	2.1%	100%	6.88

Variable Comparisons

Gender Race Age Education Religion Worship attendance

Gender (I-GENDER)

	Male	Female	TOTAL
Interview conducted entirely in English	97.7% 18735	97.7% 23548	97.7% 42283
Some or all of interview translated to Spanish	0.2% 32	0.2% 53	0.2% 85
Some or all of interview translated to French	0.0% 0	0.0% 1	0.0% 1
Some or all of interview conducted in either Spanish or French	0.0% 6	0.0% 9	0.0% 15
Some or all of interview translated to non-English language other than Spanish or French	0.0% 2	0.0% 5	0.0% 7
Some or all of interview translated to non-English language but NA which language	0.0% 2	0.0% 0	0.0% 2
NA if English or other language	2.1% 400	2.0% 491	2.1% 891
TOTAL	100.0% 19177	100.0% 24107	43284

Race (I-RACE)

	White	Black	Asian	Native American	Hispanic	Other	TOTAL
Interview conducted entirely in English	98.0% 35167	97.5% 4539	96.5% 331	97.1% 744	90.8% 1198	100.0% 127	97.7% 42106
Some or all of interview translated to Spanish	0.0% 9	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	4.9% 65	0.0% 0	0.2% 75
Some or all of interview translated to French	0.0% 0	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 1
Some or all of interview conducted in either Spanish or French	0.0% 4	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.8% 11	0.0% 0	0.0% 15
Some or all of interview translated to non-English language other than Spanish or French	0.0% 4	0.0% 0	0.3% 1	0.0% 0	0.2% 2	0.0% 0	0.0% 7
Some or all of interview translated to non-English language but NA which language	0.0% 1	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 2
NA if English or other language	1.9% 686	2.5% 115	3.2% 11	2.9% 22	3.3% 44	0.0% 0	2.0% 878
TOTAL	100.0% 35871	100.0% 4657	100.0% 343	100.0% 766	100.0% 1320	100.0% 127	43084

Age (I-AGE)

	17-24	25-34	35-44	45-54	55-64	65 and older	TOTAL
Interview conducted entirely in English	97.9% 4075	97.5% 9054	97.9% 8880	98.1% 7037	97.9% 5902	96.9% 7144	97.7% 42092
Some or all of interview translated to Spanish	0.1% 4	0.2% 17	0.2% 15	0.2% 14	0.3% 18	0.2% 17	0.2% 85
Some or all of interview translated to French	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 1	0.0% 1
Some or all of interview conducted in either Spanish or French	0.1% 3	0.1% 5	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 3	0.0% 3	0.0% 15
Some or all of interview translated to non-English language other than Spanish or French	0.0% 1	0.0% 2	0.0% 0	0.0% 1	0.0% 1	0.0% 2	0.0% 7
Some or all of interview translated to non-English language but NA which language	0.0% 0	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 2
NA if English or other language	1.9% 79	2.2% 204	1.9% 175	1.7% 123	1.7% 102	2.8% 208	2.1% 891
TOTAL	100.0% 4162	100.0% 9283	100.0% 9071	100.0% 7176	100.0% 6026	100.0% 7375	43093

Education (I-EDUC)

	Grade school or less (0-8 grades)	High school (12 grades or fewer)	Some college (13 grades or more but no degree)	College or advanced degree	TOTAL
Interview conducted entirely in English	97.9% 6759	97.7% 19482	97.8% 8324	97.6% 7415	97.7% 41980
Some or all of interview translated to Spanish	0.7% 46	0.2% 30	0.1% 8	0.0% 1	0.2% 85
Some or all of interview translated to French	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 1
Some or all of interview conducted in either Spanish or French	0.1% 10	0.0% 3	0.0% 2	0.0% 0	0.0% 15
Some or all of interview translated to non-English language other than Spanish or French	0.0% 2	0.0% 2	0.0% 2	0.0% 1	0.0% 7
Some or all of interview translated to non-English language but NA which language	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 1	0.0% 2
NA if English or other language	1.2% 83	2.1% 427	2.1% 177	2.4% 183	2.0% 870
TOTAL	100.0% 6902	100.0% 19944	100.0% 8513	100.0% 7601	42960

Religion (I-RELIGION)

	Protestant	Catholic	Jewish	Other and none (also includes don't know preference)	TOTAL
Interview conducted entirely in English	97.9% 27468	97.3% 9768	98.5% 1027	96.5% 3753	97.7% 42016
Some or all of interview translated to Spanish	0.1% 23	0.6% 57	0.0% 0	0.1% 5	0.2% 85
Some or all of interview translated to French	0.0% 0	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 1
Some or all of interview conducted in either Spanish or French	0.0% 4	0.1% 10	0.0% 0	0.0% 1	0.0% 15
Some or all of interview translated to non-English language other than Spanish or French	0.0% 1	0.0% 5	0.0% 0	0.0% 1	0.0% 7
Some or all of interview translated to non-English language but NA which language	0.0% 1	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 2
NA if English or other language	2.0% 547	2.0% 196	1.5% 16	3.3% 128	2.1% 887
TOTAL	100.0% 28044	100.0% 10038	100.0% 1043	100.0% 3888	43013

Worship attendance (I-ATTEND)

	Every week	Almost every week (no cases in 1970)	Once or twice a month	A few times a year	Never	No religious preference (1970-1988)	TOTAL
Interview conducted entirely in English	96.6% 8116	96.9% 3358	96.7% 4032	98.0% 7047	95.2% 6119	99.6% 1295	96.8% 29967
Some or all of interview translated to Spanish	0.3% 28	0.2% 6	0.4% 16	0.3% 19	0.2% 14	0.1% 1	0.3% 84
Some or all of interview translated to French	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 1
Some or all of interview conducted in either Spanish or French	0.1% 5	0.0% 0	0.1% 3	0.1% 4	0.0% 3	0.0% 0	0.0% 15
Some or all of interview translated to non-English language other than Spanish or French	0.0% 3	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 3	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 7
Some or all of interview translated to non-English language but NA which language	0.0% 0	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.0% 2
NA if English or other language	3.0% 253	2.9% 99	2.9% 120	1.7% 120	4.5% 289	0.3% 4	2.9% 885
TOTAL	100.0% 8406	100.0% 3464	100.0% 4171	100.0% 7194	100.0% 6426	100.0% 1300	30961