Carnegie Middle East Governance and Islam Dataset, 1988-2010

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M48B Exposure to the culture of the U.S. and other Western countries has a harmful effect on our country.   1) Strongly agree   2) Agree   3) Disagree   4) Strongly disagree   5) Neither agree nor disagree (coded as 2.5 in the original and recoded by ARDA)   98) Can't choose/Don't know   99) Decline to answer   100) Not usable/Not provided

Pie Chart Bar Chart Cumulative Bar Chart

Category	Frequency	Percentage	Cumulative Percentage	Z-Score
Strongly agree	3333	27.5%	27.5%	-.42
Agree	4071	33.6%	61.1%	-.39
Disagree	2460	20.3%	81.4%	-.36
Strongly disagree	624	5.1%	86.5%	-.33
Neither agree nor disagree (coded as 2.5 in the original and recoded by ARDA)	41	.3%	86.9%	-.3
Can't choose/Don't know	841	6.9%	93.8%	2.54
Decline to answer	36	.3%	94.1%	2.57
Not usable/Not provided	717	5.9%	100%	2.6

Variable Comparisons

Age Education Household income Religion Sex

Age (I-AGE)

	18-24 years old	25-34 years old	35-44 years old	45-54 years old	55-64 years old	65+ years old	TOTAL
Strongly agree	23.9% 689	29.0% 985	29.6% 809	26.8% 464	27.2% 249	30.1% 133	27.5% 3329
Agree	37.7% 1087	32.2% 1094	32.6% 889	34.7% 600	31.8% 291	23.5% 104	33.6% 4065
Disagree	21.1% 609	20.3% 689	19.0% 518	20.6% 356	19.3% 176	24.2% 107	20.3% 2455
Strongly disagree	4.1% 117	4.6% 157	6.1% 167	5.5% 96	5.5% 50	8.4% 37	5.2% 624
Neither agree nor disagree (coded as 2.5 in the original and recoded by ARDA)	0.2% 7	0.3% 10	0.4% 11	0.2% 4	0.7% 6	0.7% 3	0.3% 41
Can't choose/Don't know	7.6% 218	4.9% 166	5.5% 151	7.9% 137	12.9% 118	11.3% 50	6.9% 840
Decline to answer	0.1% 3	0.4% 13	0.4% 11	0.1% 1	0.2% 2	1.4% 6	0.3% 36
Not usable/Not provided	5.3% 154	8.2% 279	6.4% 174	4.2% 72	2.4% 22	0.5% 2	5.8% 703
TOTAL	100.0% 2884	100.0% 3393	100.0% 2730	100.0% 1730	100.0% 914	100.0% 442	12093

Education (I-EDUC)

	Illiterate	Elementary and primary (includes elementary school so goes from first grade to eighth grade)	Secondary	BA (completion of college degree)	MA or higher	TOTAL
Strongly agree	28.1% 421	37.1% 1437	26.4% 930	18.6% 482	7.6% 45	27.4% 3315
Agree	28.6% 429	29.2% 1132	34.0% 1195	39.3% 1020	48.0% 283	33.6% 4059
Disagree	15.3% 230	17.0% 659	21.7% 762	24.6% 637	28.9% 170	20.4% 2458
Strongly disagree	5.9% 88	5.1% 196	5.0% 177	4.6% 120	7.1% 42	5.2% 623
Neither agree nor disagree (coded as 2.5 in the original and recoded by ARDA)	0.6% 9	0.4% 14	0.3% 11	0.3% 7	0.0% 0	0.3% 41
Can't choose/Don't know	16.2% 243	7.2% 280	4.3% 150	5.1% 132	5.4% 32	6.9% 837
Decline to answer	0.4% 6	0.6% 23	0.1% 5	0.0% 1	0.0% 0	0.3% 35
Not usable/Not provided	4.9% 73	3.5% 136	8.2% 289	7.5% 194	2.9% 17	5.9% 709
TOTAL	100.0% 1499	100.0% 3877	100.0% 3519	100.0% 2593	100.0% 589	12077

Household income (I-INCOME)

	First quintile	Second quintile	Third quintile	Fourth quintile	Fifth quintile	TOTAL
Strongly agree	29.3% 423	35.8% 472	25.8% 490	33.9% 732	24.2% 597	29.2% 2714
Agree	30.8% 445	24.2% 319	39.0% 741	32.2% 695	36.9% 908	33.5% 3108
Disagree	15.2% 220	20.8% 275	16.3% 310	21.4% 461	22.3% 549	19.5% 1815
Strongly disagree	6.3% 91	5.3% 70	2.9% 56	5.7% 122	5.7% 140	5.2% 479
Neither agree nor disagree (coded as 2.5 in the original and recoded by ARDA)	0.9% 13	0.5% 6	0.2% 4	0.3% 7	0.4% 9	0.4% 39
Can't choose/Don't know	11.9% 172	4.5% 59	12.6% 239	3.3% 71	8.0% 196	7.9% 737
Decline to answer	0.4% 6	0.2% 3	0.8% 15	0.3% 7	0.1% 2	0.4% 33
Not usable/Not provided	5.2% 75	8.7% 115	2.4% 45	3.0% 64	2.5% 62	3.9% 361
TOTAL	100.0% 1445	100.0% 1319	100.0% 1900	100.0% 2159	100.0% 2463	9286

Religion (I-RELIGION)

	Muslim	Christian	Jew	Other	TOTAL
Strongly agree	27.9% 3179	15.2% 90	27.6% 21	0.00% 0	27.3% 3290
Agree	34.7% 3949	15.7% 93	23.7% 18	0.00% 0	33.7% 4060
Disagree	19.1% 2181	43.0% 254	31.6% 24	0.00% 0	20.4% 2459
Strongly disagree	4.0% 457	26.1% 154	17.1% 13	0.00% 0	5.2% 624
Neither agree nor disagree (coded as 2.5 in the original and recoded by ARDA)	0.4% 41	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.00% 0	0.3% 41
Can't choose/Don't know	7.3% 831	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.00% 0	6.9% 831
Decline to answer	0.3% 35	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.00% 0	0.3% 35
Not usable/Not provided	6.3% 717	0.0% 0	0.0% 0	0.00% 0	5.9% 717
TOTAL	100.0% 11390	100.0% 591	100.0% 76	100.0% 0	12057

Sex (I-SEX)

	Male	Female	TOTAL
Strongly agree	27.7% 1721	27.3% 1611	27.5% 3332
Agree	33.2% 2064	34.0% 2006	33.6% 4070
Disagree	22.0% 1367	18.5% 1092	20.3% 2459
Strongly disagree	5.9% 364	4.4% 260	5.1% 624
Neither agree nor disagree (coded as 2.5 in the original and recoded by ARDA)	0.4% 24	0.3% 17	0.3% 41
Can't choose/Don't know	4.7% 294	9.3% 547	6.9% 841
Decline to answer	0.3% 17	0.3% 19	0.3% 36
Not usable/Not provided	5.8% 361	6.0% 356	5.9% 717
TOTAL	100.0% 6212	100.0% 5908	12120