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National Survey of High School Biology Teachers - Codebook

All frequencies are raw numbers (no weights used).

1) State abbreviation (ST_POSTA)
2) Thinking about how you lay out your biology course for the year, please indicate how many class hours you typically spend on each of the following areas: Human evolution (HRSHMNEV)
 TOTAL%
1) Not covered15917.4
2) 1-2 hours32635.7
3) 3-5 hours23325.5
4) 6-10 hours11012.1
5) 11-15 hours404.4
6) 16-20 hours222.4
7) 20 hours or more222.4
Missing14
Total912100.0
3) Thinking about how you lay out your biology course for the year, please indicate how many class hours you typically spend on each of the following areas: Ecology (HRSECOL)
 TOTAL%
1) Not covered131.4
2) 1-2 hours364.0
3) 3-5 hours11312.5
4) 6-10 hours22625.1
5) 11-15 hours18720.7
6) 16-20 hours13915.4
7) 20 hours or more18820.8
Missing24
Total902100.0
4) Thinking about how you lay out your biology course for the year, please indicate how many class hours you typically spend on each of the following areas: Human health/disease (HRSHLTH)
 TOTAL%
1) Not covered424.7
2) 1-2 hours11412.7
3) 3-5 hours24727.4
4) 6-10 hours21323.7
5) 11-15 hours11512.8
6) 16-20 hours717.9
7) 20 hours or more9810.9
Missing26
Total900100.0
5) Thinking about how you lay out your biology course for the year, please indicate how many class hours you typically spend on each of the following areas: General evolutionary processes (HRSGENEV)
 TOTAL%
1) Not covered111.2
2) 1-2 hours798.7
3) 3-5 hours21523.8
4) 6-10 hours24627.2
5) 11-15 hours16017.7
6) 16-20 hours10411.5
7) 20 hours or more889.7
Missing23
Total903100.0
6) Thinking about how you lay out your biology course for the year, please indicate how many class hours you typically spend on each of the following areas: Intelligent design or creationism (HRSCREAT)
 TOTAL%
1) Not covered69176.9
2) 1-2 hours [ARDA Note: Includes 1 case coded as 1.5]15917.7
3) 3-5 hours364.0
4) 6-10 hours60.7
5) 11-15 hours30.3
6) 16-20 hours30.3
Missing28
Total898100.0
7) Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements if they apply to your classes in biology or life sciences (otherwise select 'Not applicable'). When I do teach evolution, I focus heavily on what students need to know to meet state science standards. (STATESCI)
 TOTAL%
1) Strongly agree32336.9
2) Agree45251.6
3) Disagree869.8
4) Strongly disagree151.7
Missing50
Total876100.0
8) Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements if they apply to your classes in biology or life sciences (otherwise select 'Not applicable'). When I do teach evolution (including answering student questions), I emphasize the possibility that portions of evolutionary theory may be proven wrong. (PRVWRONG)
 TOTAL%
1) Strongly agree16518.8
2) Agree46753.1
3) Disagree17119.4
4) Strongly disagree778.8
Missing46
Total880100.0
9) Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements if they apply to your classes in biology or life sciences (otherwise select 'Not applicable'). When I do teach evolution (including answering student questions), I emphasize the broad consensus that evolution is fact even as scientists disagree about the specific mechanisms through which evolution occurred. [ARDA Note - 2 cases coded as 2.5 set to missing] (BROADCON)
 TOTAL%
1) Strongly agree27731.5
2) Agree40446.0
3) Disagree14416.4
4) Strongly disagree536.0
Missing48
Total878100.0
10) Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements if they apply to your classes in biology or life sciences (otherwise select 'Not applicable'). When I do teach evolution (including answering student questions), I deliberately avoid making statements that might be deemed offensive by some students or their parents. (AVOID)
 TOTAL%
1) Strongly agree14416.2
2) Agree39944.8
3) Disagree28031.5
4) Strongly disagree677.5
Missing36
Total890100.0
11) Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements if they apply to your classes in biology or life sciences (otherwise select 'Not applicable'). Evolution serves as the unifying theme for the content of the course. [ARDA Note: 1 case coded as 1.5 set to missing] (UNIFYING)
 TOTAL%
1) Strongly agree23026.4
2) Agree32937.7
3) Disagree22726.0
4) Strongly disagree869.9
Missing54
Total872100.0
12) Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements if they apply to your classes in biology or life sciences (otherwise select 'Not applicable'). I frequently do not cover evolution because we run out of time at the end of the course. (OUTTIME)
 TOTAL%
1) Strongly agree70.8
2) Agree465.5
3) Disagree29535.2
4) Strongly disagree49058.5
Missing88
Total838100.0
13) Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements if they apply to your classes in biology or life sciences (otherwise select 'Not applicable'). When I do teach about creationism or intelligent design (including answering student questions), I emphasize that this is a valid, scientific alternative to Darwinian explanations for the origin of species. (VALIDALT)
 TOTAL%
1) Strongly agree317.2
2) Agree [ARDA Note: Includes 1 case coded as 1.5]10524.3
3) Disagree11225.9
4) Strongly disagree18442.6
Missing494
Total432100.0
14) Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements if they apply to your classes in biology or life sciences (otherwise select 'Not applicable'). When I do teach creationism or intelligent design (including answering student questions), I emphasize that almost all scientists reject these as valid accounts of the origin of species. (SCIREJCT)
 TOTAL%
1) Strongly agree6215.4
2) Agree14335.6
3) Disagree14937.1
4) Strongly disagree4811.9
Missing524
Total402100.0
15) Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements if they apply to your classes in biology or life sciences (otherwise select 'Not applicable'). When I do teach creationism or intelligent design (including answering student questions), I acknowledge them as valid religious perspectives, but which are not appropriate for a science class. (VALIDREL)
 TOTAL%
1) Strongly agree9319.7
2) Agree22146.8
3) Disagree11925.2
4) Strongly disagree398.3
Missing454
Total472100.0
16) Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements if they apply to your classes in biology or life sciences (otherwise select 'Not applicable'). When I do teach creationism or intelligent design (including answering student questions), I emphasize that many reputable scientists view these as valid alternatives to Darwinian theory. (REPUTSCI)
 TOTAL%
1) Strongly agree265.8
2) Agree13730.7
3) Disagree16236.3
4) Strongly disagree12127.1
Missing480
Total446100.0
17) Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements if they apply to your classes in biology or life sciences (otherwise select 'Not applicable'). I believe it is possible to offer an excellent general biology course for high school students that includes no mention of Darwin or evolutionary theory. (NODARWIN)
 TOTAL%
1) Strongly agree495.6
2) Agree657.4
3) Disagree22926.0
4) Strongly disagree53861.1
Missing45
Total881100.0
18) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to teach evolution from: No one (PREVNO)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected15216.4
1) Selected77483.6
Total926100.0
19) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to teach evolution from: School administrator (PREVADM)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected88195.1
1) Selected454.9
Total926100.0
20) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to teach evolution from: Local religious leader (PREVRLG)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total9260.000.00
21) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to teach evolution from: Parent(s) (PREVPAR)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected92099.4
1) Selected60.6
Total926100.0
22) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to teach evolution from: School board member(s) (PREVSCBD)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected90597.7
1) Selected212.3
Total926100.0
23) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to teach evolution from: Other (PREVOTHR)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected83490.1
1) Selected929.9
Total926100.0
24) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to teach creationism or intelligent design from: No one (PRCRNO)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected13714.8
1) Selected78985.2
Total926100.0
25) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to teach creationism or intelligent design from: School administrator (PRCRADM)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected92199.5
1) Selected50.5
Total926100.0
26) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to teach creationism or intelligent design from: Local religious leader (PRCRRLG)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected90197.3
1) Selected252.7
Total926100.0
27) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to teach creationism or intelligent design from: Parent(s) (PRCRPAR)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected84691.4
1) Selected808.6
Total926100.0
28) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to teach creationism or intelligent design from: School board member(s) (PRCRSCBD)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected91198.4
1) Selected151.6
Total926100.0
29) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to teach creationism or intelligent design from: Other (PRCROTHR)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected88695.7
1) Selected404.3
Total926100.0
30) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to not teach evolution from: No one (NOEVNO)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected16617.9
1) Selected76082.1
Total926100.0
31) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to not teach evolution from: School administrator (NOEVADM)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected91098.3
1) Selected161.7
Total926100.0
32) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to not teach evolution from: Local religious leader (NOEVRLG)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected89596.7
1) Selected313.3
Total926100.0
33) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to not teach evolution from: Parent(s) (NOEVPAR)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected82288.8
1) Selected10411.2
Total926100.0
34) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to not teach evolution from: School board member(s) (NOEVSCBD)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected90497.6
1) Selected222.4
Total926100.0
35) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to not teach evolution from: Other (NOEVOTHR)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected88595.6
1) Selected414.4
Total926100.0
36) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to not teach creationism or intelligent design from: No one (NOCRNO)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected12613.6
1) Selected80086.4
Total926100.0
37) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to not teach creationism or intelligent design from: School administrator (NOCRADM)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected89296.3
1) Selected343.7
Total926100.0
38) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to not teach creationism or intelligent design from: Local religious leader (NOCRRLG)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected92199.5
1) Selected50.5
Total926100.0
39) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to not teach creationism or intelligent design from: Parent(s) (NOCRPAR)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected90097.2
1) Selected262.8
Total926100.0
40) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to not teach creationism or intelligent design from: School board member(s) (NOCRSCBD)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected90497.6
1) Selected222.4
Total926100.0
41) For each of the following, select all that apply. I have received pressure to not teach creationism or intelligent design from: Other (NOCROTHR)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected86993.8
1) Selected576.2
Total926100.0
42) Now, regardless of what you do in the classroom, we would like to ask about your own personal views. Which of the following statements comes closest to your views on the origin and development of human beings? (DEVHUMAN)
 TOTAL%
1) Human beings have developed over millions of years from less advanced forms of life, but God guided this process.43851.5
2) Human beings have developed over millions of years from less advanced forms of life, but God had no part in this process28433.4
3) God created human beings pretty much in their present form at one time within the last 10,000 years or so12915.2
Missing75
Total851100.0
43) Which of the following terms best describe how you think about yourself as a professional? I think of myself as a mentor [ARDA Note: 1 case coded as 2.5 set to missing] (MENTOR)
 TOTAL%
1) Everday54660.8
2) Often22825.4
3) Sometimes11212.5
4) Rarely91.0
5) Never30.3
Missing28
Total898100.0
44) Which of the following terms best describe how you think about yourself as a professional? I think of myself as a scientist [ARDA Note: 1 case coded as 2.5 set to missing] (SCIENTST)
 TOTAL%
1) Everyday33237.1
2) Often27530.7
3) Sometimes21423.9
4) Rarely556.1
5) Never192.1
Missing31
Total895100.0
45) Which of the following terms best describe how you think about yourself as a professional? I think of myself as an ecologist [ARDA Note: 1 case coded as 2.5 set to missing] (ECOLOGST)
 TOTAL%
1) Everyday30434.2
2) Often28532.0
3) Sometimes22325.1
4) Rarely556.2
5) Never232.6
Missing36
Total890100.0
46) Which of the following terms best describe how you think about yourself as a professional? I think of myself as a role model [ARDA Note: 1 case coded as 2.5 set to missing] (ROLEMDL)
 TOTAL%
1) Everyday68876.9
2) Often15016.8
3) Sometimes485.4
4) Rarely80.9
5) Never10.1
Missing31
Total895100.0
47) Which of the following terms best describe how you think about yourself as a professional? I think of myself as a biologist [ARDA Note: 1 case coded as 2.5 set to missing] (BIOLOGST)
 TOTAL%
1) Everyday49855.5
2) Often25228.1
3) Sometimes11913.3
4) Rarely202.2
5) Never91.0
Missing28
Total898100.0
48) Which of the following terms best describe how you think about yourself as a professional? I think of myself as an educator (EDUCATOR)
 TOTAL%
1) Everyday85594.6
2) Often465.1
3) Sometimes30.3
Missing22
Total904100.0
49) Now we have some questions on your state's standards and assessments, and textbooks that you use. So far as you know, do your state's science standards include evolution? (STATEEV)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, but not human evolution27130.0
2) Yes, including human evolution57163.3
3) No182.0
4) I am not sure424.7
Missing24
Total902100.0
50) Does your state currently have an assessment test covering high school biology? (STATETST)
 TOTAL%
1) No21423.9
2) Yes, a test where scores are reported for school districts but not individual schools343.8
3) Yes, a test where scores are reported for individual schools35639.8
4) Yes, a high stakes test students must pass to graduate29132.5
Missing31
Total895100.0
51) The textbook selection is made by (select all that apply): State board of education or state textbook selection committee (TXTSTBRD)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected81287.7
1) Selected11412.3
Total926100.0
52) The textbook selection is made by (select all that apply): School district (TXTSCDST)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected49953.9
1) Selected42746.1
Total926100.0
53) The textbook selection is made by (select all that apply): School (TXTSCHL)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected66872.1
1) Selected25827.9
Total926100.0
54) The textbook selection is made by (select all that apply): Instructor (TXTINSTR)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected45449.0
1) Selected47251.0
Total926100.0
55) The textbook selection is made by (select all that apply): Other (TXTOTHR)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected75681.6
1) Selected17018.4
Total926100.0
56) In preparing this questionnaire, we talked to a large number of teachers and other science educators. They have told us about many strategies that teachers use in teaching their high school biology classes and they share many experiences they have had. Some of these appear below. Please tell us whether you have ever done the following: I have been nervous about an open house event or a meeting with parents because I believed that I would receive complaints about the teaching of evolution. (NERVOUS)
 TOTAL%
1) Never67374.1
2) Once or twice16518.2
3) A few times556.1
4) Frequently151.7
Missing18
Total908100.0
57) Please tell us whether you have ever done the following: I have paced my class so that the evolution chapters in my textbook would be covered only minimally at the end of the academic term. (PACED)
 TOTAL%
1) Never79187.8
2) Once or twice515.7
3) A few times353.9
4) Frequently242.7
Missing25
Total901100.0
58) Please tell us whether you have ever done the following: I have encouraged students to consider how unlikely it is that complex organs (e.g., the eye) or biological processes (blood clotting) could have occurred simply by random mutation and natural selection. (UNLIKELY)
 TOTAL%
1) Never67275.1
2) Once or twice586.5
3) A few times889.8
4) Frequently778.6
Missing31
Total895100.0
59) Please tell us whether you have ever done the following: I have encouraged discussions of creationism in order to firmly explain why creationism is not science. (ENCDISC)
 TOTAL%
1) Never59966.6
2) Once or twice14215.8
3) A few times9410.5
4) Frequently647.1
Missing27
Total899100.0
60) Please tell us whether you have ever done the following: I have received questions from students that seemed like they were suggested by an adult (e.g., parent, youth group leader, etc.) (RECQUEST)
 TOTAL%
1) Never27130.0
2) Once or twice27830.8
3) A few times24727.4
4) Frequently10611.8
Missing24
Total902100.0
61) Finally, we have some background questions. Please indicate the number of years you have been teaching. (YRSTEACH)
 TOTAL%
1) 0-2 years121.3
2) 3-5 years657.2
3) 6-10 years18019.8
4) 11-20 years32535.8
5) More than 20 years32736.0
Missing17
Total909100.0
62) What is your gender? (GENDER)
 TOTAL%
1) Male41746.0
2) Female49054.0
Missing19
Total907100.0
63) What college degrees do you hold? (select all that apply) Associate degree (DEGASSOC)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected88996.0
1) Selected374.0
Total926100.0
64) What college degrees do you hold? (select all that apply) Bachelor of Arts (DEGBA)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected79285.5
1) Selected13414.5
Total926100.0
65) What college degrees do you hold? (select all that apply) Bachelor of Science (DEGBS)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected38942.0
1) Selected53758.0
Total926100.0
66) What college degrees do you hold? (select all that apply) Master's degree in education (DEGMSED)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected49453.3
1) Selected43246.7
Total926100.0
67) What college degrees do you hold? (select all that apply) Master's degree in science (DEGMSSC)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected70576.1
1) Selected22123.9
Total926100.0
68) What college degrees do you hold? (select all that apply) Doctorate of education or Ph.D. in education (DEGPHDED)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected91799.0
1) Selected91.0
Total926100.0
69) What college degrees do you hold? (select all that apply) Ph.D. in science (DEGPHDSC)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected91698.9
1) Selected101.1
Total926100.0
70) What is your age? (AGE)
 TOTAL%
1) 21-30758.3
2) 31-4025728.4
3) 41-5025728.4
4) 51-6027630.5
5) 61 or older414.5
Missing20
Total906100.0
71) What type of teaching certificate do you hold? (TCHCERT)
 TOTAL%
1) Regular or standard state certificate or advanced professional certificate72179.3
2) Probationary certificate (the initial certificate issued after satisfying all requirements except the completion of a probationary period)17319.0
3) Provisional or other type of certificate given to persons who are still participating in what the state calls an 'alternative certification program'111.2
4) Temporary certificate (requires some additional college course work and/or student teaching before regular certification can be obtained)40.4
Missing17
Total909100.0
72) How many credit-hours do you have in the biological sciences (undergraduate and graduate)? (CREDHRS)
 TOTAL%
1) 12 or less70.8
2) 13-24495.4
3) 25-4026329.2
4) Over 4058264.6
Missing25
Total901100.0
73) Have you had a specific college-level course in evolution? (CRSEVOL)
 TOTAL%
0) No51156.9
1) Yes38743.1
Missing28
Total898100.0
74) Did you have a major, minor, or special emphasis in any of the following subjects as part of your undergraduate course work? Fill in one oval on each line. Science education (SUBJSCED)
 TOTAL%
0) No32538.6
1) Yes, a major15118.0
2) Yes, a minor36543.4
Missing85
Total841100.0
75) Did you have a major, minor, or special emphasis in any of the following subjects as part of your undergraduate course work? Fill in one oval on each line. Biology or other life science (SUBJBIO)
 TOTAL%
0) No475.3
1) Yes, a major12413.9
2) Yes, a minor72480.9
Missing31
Total895100.0
76) Did you have a major, minor, or special emphasis in any of the following subjects as part of your undergraduate course work? Fill in one oval on each line. Other science (SUBJOTH)
 TOTAL%
0) No31939.1
1) Yes, a major35643.7
2) Yes, a minor14017.2
Missing111
Total815100.0
77) Did you have a major, minor, or special emphasis in any of the following subjects as part of your undergraduate course work? Fill in one oval on each line. Statistics, math, or engineering (SUBJSTAT)
 TOTAL%
0) No66186.5
1) Yes, a major8010.5
2) Yes, a minor233.0
Missing162
Total764100.0
78) Did you have a major, minor, or special emphasis in any of the following subjects as part of your undergraduate course work? Fill in one oval on each line. Education (including secondary education) (SUBJEDUC)
 TOTAL%
0) No20924.6
1) Yes, a major17020.0
2) Yes, a minor47155.4
Missing76
Total850100.0
79) How well would you say you have kept up with scientific debates and advances during the last 5 years? Select all that apply. I keep up by noting additions and changes to the textbooks I use. (NOTEADD)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected48952.8
1) Selected43747.2
Total926100.0
80) How well would you say you have kept up with scientific debates and advances during the last 5 years? Select all that apply. keep up through science journalism such as television programs like Nova, magazines like National Geographic, and the science sections of the daily newspapers. (SCITVMAG)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected12213.2
1) Selected80486.8
Total926100.0
81) How well would you say you have kept up with scientific debates and advances during the last 5 years? Select all that apply. I keep up by visiting science education web sites such as the NSTA, and the National Academy of Sciences. (WEBSITES)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected41444.7
1) Selected51255.3
Total926100.0
82) How well would you say you have kept up with scientific debates and advances during the last 5 years? Select all that apply. I keep up through browsing scientific journals such as Nature, Cell, etc. (SCIJOURN)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected42746.1
1) Selected49953.9
Total926100.0
83) How well would you say you have kept up with scientific debates and advances during the last 5 years? Select all that apply. I keep up by taking science courses (not science education) as part of my continuing education. (SCICOURS)
 TOTAL%
0) Not selected59864.6
1) Selected32835.4
Total926100.0
84) I would rate my knowledge of the scientific evidence bearing on the validity of evolutionary theory as: (KNOWEVOL)
 TOTAL%
1) Exceptional, on par with many college-level instructors11712.9
2) Very good compared to most high school biology teachers [ARDA Note: Includes 2 cases coded as 1.5]43648.2
3) Typical of most high school biology teachers‌ [ARDA Note: Includes 3 cases coded as 2.5]33637.1
4) I know less about this topic than many other high school biology teachers161.8
Missing21
Total905100.0
85) Penn State SRC respondent ID (SRCID)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total9262,733.291,432.28
86) Post-stratification weight (POST_STR)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total9261.000.70
87) Teacher emphasis typology (TEACHTYP)
 TOTAL%
1) 'Advocate for creationism'11812.7
2) 'Advocate for neither'55159.5
3) 'Advocate for evolutionary biology'25727.8
Total926100.0
88) Cosmopolitanism to religious traditionalism index (COSMO_IN)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total9210.010.23
89) What is your age? (for use with online analysis) (I-AGE)
 TOTAL%
1) 21-30758.3
2) 31-4025728.4
3) 41-5025728.4
4) 51-6027630.5
5) 61 or older414.5
Missing20
Total906100.0
90) What is your gender? (for use with online analysis) (I-GENDER)
 TOTAL%
1) Male41746.0
2) Female49054.0
Missing19
Total907100.0

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