Data from the ARDA National Profiles, 2005 Update - Religion Indexes, Adherents and Other Data - Analysis
OSUBSDY
How does the government subsidize (including in-kind) religion? (Grim and Finke, 2006)
Frequency | Percent | Cumulative Percent | Z-Score | |
---|---|---|---|---|
0) No subsidies or all subsidies are equal | 83 | 34.6% | 34.6% | -1.15 |
1) Cultural or historical legacies only | 31 | 12.9% | 47.5% | -0.52 |
2) Only some religions are excluded | 18 | 7.5% | 55.0% | 0.10 |
3) Subsidies only go to an approved set of religions | 59 | 24.6% | 79.6% | 0.73 |
4) Only one religion is subsidized | 49 | 20.4% | 100.0% | 1.36 |
Missing | 78 | |||
Total Unweighted N = 240 |
Region (I-REGION)
Africa | Asia | Europe | Latin America | North America | Oceania | Missing | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No subsidies or all subsidies are equal | 36.7%22 | 20.7%12 | 33.3%24 | 36.4%8 | 40.0%2 | 65.2%15 | 0 | 34.6%83 |
Cultural or historical legacies only | 10.0%6 | 8.6%5 | 18.1%13 | 22.7%5 | 20.0%1 | 4.3%1 | 0 | 12.9%31 |
Only some religions are excluded | 13.3%8 | 5.2%3 | 4.2%3 | 0.0%0 | 0.0%0 | 17.4%4 | 0 | 7.5%18 |
Subsidies only go to an approved set of religions | 20.0%12 | 27.6%16 | 33.3%24 | 13.6%3 | 40.0%2 | 8.7%2 | 0 | 24.6%59 |
Only one religion is subsidized | 20.0%12 | 37.9%22 | 11.1%8 | 27.3%6 | 0.0%0 | 4.3%1 | 0 | 20.4%49 |
Missing | 2 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 78 | 64 |
Total | 100%60 | 100%58 | 100%72 | 100%22 | 100%5 | 100%23 | 240 |
Religion (I-RELIGION)
Atheism | Christian | Muslim | Jewish | Hindu | Other | Missing | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No subsidies or all subsidies are equal | 66.7%2 | 37.6%44 | 17.0%9 | 0.0%0 | 0.0%0 | 27.8%5 | 23 | 30.6%60 |
Cultural or historical legacies only | 0.0%0 | 12.8%15 | 0.0%0 | 0.0%0 | 0.0%0 | 27.8%5 | 11 | 10.2%20 |
Only some religions are excluded | 33.3%1 | 8.5%10 | 11.3%6 | 0.0%0 | 0.0%0 | 0.0%0 | 1 | 8.7%17 |
Subsidies only go to an approved set of religions | 0.0%0 | 27.4%32 | 32.1%17 | 100.0%1 | 75.0%3 | 22.2%4 | 2 | 29.1%57 |
Only one religion is subsidized | 0.0%0 | 13.7%16 | 39.6%21 | 0.0%0 | 25.0%1 | 22.2%4 | 7 | 21.4%42 |
Missing | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 122 | 77 |
Total | 100%3 | 100%117 | 100%53 | 100%1 | 100%4 | 100%18 | 196 |
Government favoritism of religion (I-GVTFAV)
Low | Medium Low | Medium High | High | Missing | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No subsidies or all subsidies are equal | 80.6%75 | 13.0%7 | 0.0%0 | 2.3%1 | 0 | 34.6%83 |
Cultural or historical legacies only | 12.9%12 | 33.3%18 | 2.0%1 | 0.0%0 | 0 | 12.9%31 |
Only some religions are excluded | 4.3%4 | 11.1%6 | 16.0%8 | 0.0%0 | 0 | 7.5%18 |
Subsidies only go to an approved set of religions | 2.2%2 | 25.9%14 | 64.0%32 | 25.6%11 | 0 | 24.6%59 |
Only one religion is subsidized | 0.0%0 | 16.7%9 | 18.0%9 | 72.1%31 | 0 | 20.4%49 |
Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 78 | 78 |
Total | 100%93 | 100%54 | 100%50 | 100%43 | 240 |
Government regulation of religion level (I-GVTREG)
Low | Medium Low | Medium High | High | Missing | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No subsidies or all subsidies are equal | 49.0%71 | 22.2%8 | 3.1%1 | 11.1%3 | 0 | 34.6%83 |
Cultural or historical legacies only | 15.9%23 | 8.3%3 | 9.4%3 | 7.4%2 | 0 | 12.9%31 |
Only some religions are excluded | 6.2%9 | 19.4%7 | 6.3%2 | 0.0%0 | 0 | 7.5%18 |
Subsidies only go to an approved set of religions | 20.0%29 | 44.4%16 | 28.1%9 | 18.5%5 | 0 | 24.6%59 |
Only one religion is subsidized | 9.0%13 | 5.6%2 | 53.1%17 | 63.0%17 | 0 | 20.4%49 |
Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 78 | 78 |
Total | 100%145 | 100%36 | 100%32 | 100%27 | 240 |
Social regulation of religion level (I-SOCREG)
Low | Medium Low | Medium High | High | Missing | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No subsidies or all subsidies are equal | 51.2%64 | 22.6%12 | 15.0%3 | 9.5%4 | 0 | 34.6%83 |
Cultural or historical legacies only | 17.6%22 | 9.4%5 | 15.0%3 | 2.4%1 | 0 | 12.9%31 |
Only some religions are excluded | 6.4%8 | 13.2%7 | 0.0%0 | 7.1%3 | 0 | 7.5%18 |
Subsidies only go to an approved set of religions | 16.8%21 | 34.0%18 | 40.0%8 | 28.6%12 | 0 | 24.6%59 |
Only one religion is subsidized | 8.0%10 | 20.8%11 | 30.0%6 | 52.4%22 | 0 | 20.4%49 |
Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 78 | 78 |
Total | 100%125 | 100%53 | 100%20 | 100%42 | 240 |
Political type (I-GVTTYP)
Democracy | Restricted Democratic Practice | Monarchy | Authoritarian Regime | Totalitarian Regime | Colonial Dependency/Protectorate | Missing | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No subsidies or all subsidies are equal | 35.5%43 | 25.0%4 | 0.0%0 | 29.7%11 | 20.0%1 | 50.0%1 | 23 | 31.4%60 |
Cultural or historical legacies only | 10.7%13 | 18.8%3 | 0.0%0 | 2.7%1 | 60.0%3 | 0.0%0 | 11 | 10.5%20 |
Only some religions are excluded | 7.4%9 | 6.3%1 | 20.0%2 | 8.1%3 | 0.0%0 | 0.0%0 | 3 | 7.9%15 |
Subsidies only go to an approved set of religions | 31.4%38 | 25.0%4 | 40.0%4 | 21.6%8 | 0.0%0 | 50.0%1 | 4 | 28.8%55 |
Only one religion is subsidized | 14.9%18 | 25.0%4 | 40.0%4 | 37.8%14 | 20.0%1 | 0.0%0 | 8 | 21.5%41 |
Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 127 | 77 |
Total | 100%121 | 100%16 | 100%10 | 100%37 | 100%5 | 100%2 | 191 |