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American National Election Studies, Cumulative Data File, 1948-2004 - Codebook

All frequencies are raw numbers (no weights used).

1) Version of Cumulative Data File (VERSION)
2) Year of study (4-digit) (VCF0004)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total474381,978.2815.14
3) Study Respondent Number (Case identification number -- In Pre-Post Studies, this is the Pre case ID) (VCF0006)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total474381,316.321,050.81
4) Unique Respondent Number (Unique identification number) (VCF0006A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total4743819,779,619.15150,713.71
5) Type 0 general weight variable (VCF0009)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total474381.060.30
6) Type 0 weight -- post-stratified (VCF0009A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total474381.060.38
7) Type 1 general weight variable (VCF0010)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total474381.040.32
8) Type 1 weight -- post-stratified (VCF0010A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total474381.060.38
9) Type 2 general weight variable (VCF0011)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total474381.040.33
10) Type 2 weight -- post-stratified (VCF0011A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total474381.060.38
11) Form or interview type of paper questionnaire (VCF0012)
 TOTAL%
1) 1970: Type 1; 1972: Form I; 1986, 1988, 1990, 1994: Form A572146.9
2) 1970: Type 2; 1972: Form II; 1986, 1988, 1990, 1994: Form B568446.6
9) NA7986.5
Missing35235
Total12203100.0
12) CAI Question selection ("form") summary -- Pre (VCF0012A)
 TOTAL%
0) 1996: F1-F4 and H4-H8; 2004: No Pre patriotism module (post patriotism module)102816.5
1) 1996: No F1-F4; 2000: Both E and F6-F9, with Clinton traits and affects; 2002: K1 spending items; 2004: Pre patriotism module199431.9
2) 1996: No H4-H8; 2000: Both E and F6-F9, without Clinton traits and affects; 2002: K2 spending items120519.3
3) 2000: E, not F6-F9, with Clinton traits and affects89014.3
4) 2000: E, not F6-F9, without Clinton traits and affects2474.0
5) 2000: F6-F9, not E, with Clinton traits and affects2403.8
6) 2000: F6-F9, not E, without Clinton traits and affects4397.0
7) 2000: Neither E nor F6-F9, with Clinton traits and affects490.8
8) 2000: Neither E nor F6-F9, without Clinton traits and affects1522.4
9) NA (2002)00.0
Missing41194
Total6244100.0
13) CAI Question selection ("form") summary -- Post (VCF0012B)
 TOTAL%
1) 1996: F1-F4, H1-H1b; 2000: Section H, with Clinton traits and affects; 2002: L1-D3-K4; 2004: Post patriotism module158325.4
2) 1996: F1-F4 only (not administered H1-H1b); 2000: Section H, without Clinton traits and affects; 2002: L1-D3-K5; 2004: No Post patriotism module (Pre patriotism module)156125.0
3) 1996: H1-H1b only (not administered F1-F4); 2000: No section H, Clinton traits and affects; 2002: L1-D4-K486013.8
4) 1996: Neither F1-F4 nor H1-H1b; 2000: No section H, no Clinton traits and affects; 2002: L1-D4-K595115.2
5) 2002: L2-D3-K41642.6
6) 2002: L2-D3-K51712.7
7) 2002: L2-D4-K41792.9
8) 2002: L2-D4-K51782.9
9) No Post IW in study with Post-assigned ‘forms'5979.6
Missing41194
Total6244100.0
14) Post-election interview data present (VCF0013)
 TOTAL%
0) No post-election interview data41978.8
1) Post-election interview data present4324191.2
Total47438100.0
15) Pre-election interview data present. (VCF0014)
 TOTAL%
0) No pre-election interview data present1827538.5
1) Pre-election interview data present2916361.5
Total47438100.0
16) Abbreviated interview form -- Pre (VCF0015A)
 TOTAL%
0) Pre IW not abbreviated2606691.9
1) Abbreviated Pre IW22678.0
2) Spanish Pre IW220.1
Missing19083
Total28355100.0
17) Abbreviated interview form -- Post (VCF0015B)
 TOTAL%
0) Post IW is not abbreviated4144995.4
1) Abbreviated Post IW19144.4
2) Additional abbreviated Post IWs820.2
Missing3993
Total43445100.0
18) Sample component: "new" cross-section or panel case (VCF0016)
 TOTAL%
0) Fresh Cross case3898782.2
1) Panel case845117.8
Total47438100.0
19) Mode of interview: personal ("face-to-face") or telephone (VCF0017)
 TOTAL%
0) Personal (pre-post studies: personal pre and post or personal pre and no post; post studies: personal post)4159387.7
1) Telephone pre (personal post or no post)2060.4
2) Telephone post (personal pre or no pre)31926.7
3) Telephone pre and post24475.2
Total47438100.0
20) Was this interview conducted entirely in English, or was it necessary to translate some (or all) questions into another language? What language? (VCF0018A)
 TOTAL%
0) Interview conducted entirely in English2922199.5
1) Some or all of interview translated into Spanish1040.4
3) Some or all of interview translated into French20.0
5) Some or all of interview translated to non-English language other than Spanish or French10.0
7) Some or all of interview translated to non-English language but NA which language00.0
9) NA if English or other language360.1
Missing18074
Total29364100.0
21) Was this interview conducted entirely in English, or was it necessary to translate some (or all) questions into another language? What language? (VCF0018B)
 TOTAL%
0) Interview conducted entirely in English4238697.7
1) Some or all of interview translated to Spanish850.2
3) Some or all of interview translated to French10.0
4) Some or all of interview conducted in either Spanish or French150.0
5) Some or all of interview translated to non-English language other than Spanish or French70.0
7) Some or all of interview translated to non-English language but NA which language20.0
9) NA if English or other language8912.1
Missing4051
Total43387100.0
22) Respondent's relationship to head of household 1952-1986 (VCF0019)
 TOTAL%
0) No Pre IW (1952, 1960)1170.4
1) Respondent is head of household1679658.9
2) Respondent is spouse of head of household977134.3
3) Respondent is neither head of household nor spouse of head17906.3
9) NA410.1
Missing18923
Total28515100.0
23) PRE INTERVIEWER OBSERVATION: Respondent's general level of information about politics and public affairs seemed: (VCF0050A)
 TOTAL%
1) Very high277213.1
2) Fairly high569726.9
3) Average720134.0
4) Fairly low381318.0
5) Very low14717.0
9) NA1960.9
Missing26288
Total21150100.0
24) POST INTERVIEWER OBSERVATION: Respondent's general level of information about politics and public affairs seemed: (VCF0050B)
 TOTAL%
0) No Post IW; abbreviated Post IW (1984)16565.6
1) Very high28039.5
2) Fairly high640121.7
3) Average962432.6
4) Fairly low555318.8
5) Very low23918.1
9) NA10563.6
Missing17954
Total29484100.0
25) Pre interviewer gender (VCF0070A)
 TOTAL%
1) Male154914.4
2) Female896083.2
9) NA2602.4
Missing36669
Total10769100.0
26) Post interviewer gender (VCF0070B)
 TOTAL%
0) No Post IW3452.5
1) Male156611.4
2) Female1154583.8
9) NA3292.4
Missing33653
Total13785100.0
27) Pre interviewer race -- full (VCF0071A)
 TOTAL%
1) White875891.6
2) Black4694.9
3) Native American630.7
4) Asian200.2
7) Other800.8
9) NA1671.7
Missing37881
Total9557100.0
28) Post interviewer race -- full (VCF0071B)
 TOTAL%
0) No Post IW3452.7
1) White1136990.4
2) Black4163.3
3) Native American390.3
4) Asian310.2
7) Other730.6
9) NA3002.4
Missing34865
Total12573100.0
29) Pre interviewer race 2-category (VCF0071C)
 TOTAL%
1) White963489.5
2) Nonwhite8678.1
7) Other00.0
9) NA2682.5
Missing36669
Total10769100.0
30) Post interviewer race 2-category (VCF0071D)
 TOTAL%
0) No Post IW3452.5
1) White1226989.0
2) Nonwhite7845.7
7) Other00.0
9) NA3872.8
Missing33653
Total13785100.0
31) Pre interviewer ethnicity (VCF0072A)
 TOTAL%
1) Non-Hispanic844588.4
2) Hispanic4294.5
7) Other5165.4
9) NA1671.7
Missing37881
Total9557100.0
32) Post interviewer ethnicity (VCF0072B)
 TOTAL%
0) No Post IW3452.7
1) Non-Hispanic1044383.1
2) Hispanic5244.2
7) Other9067.2
9) NA3552.8
Missing34865
Total12573100.0
33) What is the month, day and year of your birth? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0101)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total4563745.4517.51
34) What is the month, day and year of your birth? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0102)
 TOTAL%
0) NA/Don't know/Refused/No Pre IW3280.7
1) 17-2445709.6
2) 25-341024621.6
3) 35-44988320.8
4) 45-54784016.5
5) 55-64653713.8
6) 65-74508510.7
7) 75-99 and over29496.2
Total47438100.0
35) What is the month, day and year of your birth? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0103)
 TOTAL%
0) NA/Don't know/Refused/No Pre IW3590.8
1) 1975- present7741.6
2) 1959-1974574112.1
3) 1943-19581118323.6
4) 1927-19421001121.1
5) 1911-19261099823.2
6) 1895-1910616913.0
7) Before 189522034.6
Total47438100.0
36) Respondent's gender (VCF0104)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW1030.2
1) Male2101844.3
2) Female2631755.5
Total47438100.0
37) What racial or ethnic group or groups best describes you? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0105)
 TOTAL%
0) NA/Other/No Pre IW/short-form "new" Cross Section or Spanish language (1992)31606.7
1) White3911582.5
2) Black516310.9
Total47438100.0
38) What racial or ethnic group or groups best describes you? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0106)
 TOTAL%
1) White3911582.8
2) Black516310.9
3) Other26525.6
9) Don't know/NA/No Pre IW/short-form "new" Cross Section or Spanish language (1992)3310.7
Missing177
Total47261100.0
39) What racial or ethnic group or groups best describes you? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0106A)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know/NA/no Pre IW/short-form "new" Cross Section or Spanish language (1992)3380.7
1) White3911582.5
2) Black516310.9
3) Asian3700.8
4) Native American8241.7
5) Hispanic14873.1
7) Other1410.3
Total47438100.0
40) In addition to being American, what do you consider your main ethnic group or nationality group? (IF NO HISPANIC GROUP MENTIONED:) Are you of Spanish or Hispanic origin or descent? (IF YES:) Please look at the booklet and tell me which category best describes your Hispanic origin. (VCF0107)
 TOTAL%
0) Short-form "new" cross section (1992)40.0
1) Yes, Mexican-American, Chicano8543.3
2) Yes, Puerto Rican2340.9
3) Yes, other Hispanic6382.5
4) Yes, Hispanic but don't know which type460.2
7) No, not Hispanic2345591.6
8) Don't know if Hispanic1000.4
9) NA if Hispanic2631.0
Missing21844
Total25594100.0
41) In addition to being American, what do you consider your main ethnic group or nationality group? (IF NO HISPANIC GROUP MENTIONED:) Are you of Spanish or Hispanic origin or descent? (IF YES:) Please look at the booklet and tell me which category best describes your Hispanic origin. (VCF0108)
 TOTAL%
0) Short-form "new" cross section (1992)40.0
1) Yes, respondent is Hispanic17726.9
2) No, respondent is not Hispanic2345591.6
8) Don't know1000.4
9) NA2631.0
Missing21844
Total25594100.0
42) In addition to being an American what do you consider your main ethnic group or nationality group? (IF MORE THAN 1 GROUP MENTIONED:) With which of these groups do you most closely identify? (VCF0109)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total28307549.24311.63
43) What is the highest degree that you have earned? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0110)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know/NA/No Pre IW/Short-form "new" cross section (1992)4701.0
1) Grade school or less (0-8 grades)783016.5
2) High school (12 grades or fewer, including non-college training if applicable)2188846.1
3) Some college (13 grades or more but no degree; 1948 ONLY: college, no identification of degree status)919119.4
4) College or advanced degree (no cases 1948)805917.0
Total47438100.0
44) Urbanism (VCF0111)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; telephone (RDD) sample (2000)8011.8
1) Central cities1147926.1
2) Suburban areas1558635.4
3) Rural, small towns, outlying and adjacent areas1618736.7
Missing3385
Total44053100.0
45) Region -- U.S. Census (VCF0112)
 TOTAL%
0) NA (1948)00.0
1) Northeast (CT, ME, MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VT)935020.5
2) North Central (IL, IN, IA, KS, MI, MN, MO, NE, ND, OH, SD, WI)1277528.0
3) South (AL, AR, DE, D.C., FL, GA, KY, LA, MD, MS, NC, OK, SC, TN, TX, VA, WV)1549734.0
4) West (AK, AZ, CA, CO, HI, ID, MT, NV, NM, OR, UT, WA, WY)801517.6
Missing1801
Total45637100.0
46) Region -- political south (VCF0113)
 TOTAL%
1) South1313628.8
2) Nonsouth3250171.2
Missing1801
Total45637100.0
47) Please look at this card/page and tell me the letter of the income group that includes the income of all members of your family living here in [previous year] before taxes. This figure should include salaries, wages, pensions, dividends, interest, and all other income. (IF UNCERTAIN:) What would be your best guess? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0114)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know/NA/Refused to answer/No Pre IW34437.5
1) 0 to 16 percentile721015.7
2) 17 to 33 percentile707615.4
3) 34 to 67 percentile1377530.0
4) 68 to 95 percentile1207726.3
5) 96 to 100 percentile23465.1
Missing1511
Total45927100.0
48) What is your main occupation? What are your most important activities or duties? (IF R IS RETIRED/UNEMPLOYED /DISABLED:) What kind of work did you do on your last regular job? What were your most important activities or duties? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0115)
 TOTAL%
0) NA/Member of armed forces/No occupation and not a homemakers/No Pre IW15373.7
1) Professional and managerial971923.4
2) Clerical and sales workers718017.3
3) Skilled, semi-skilled and service workers1270830.6
4) Laborers, except farm11732.8
5) Farmers, farm managers, farm laborers and foremen; forestry and fishermen13793.3
6) Homemakers784218.9
Missing5900
Total41538100.0
49) We'd like to know if you are working now, temporarily laid off, or are you unemployed, retired, permanently disabled, (a homemaker), (a student), or what? (STUDENT OR HOMEMAKER:) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (RETIRED:) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (DISABLED:) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (STUDENT OR HOMEMAKER:) About how many hours do you work on your job in the average week? (RETIRED OR DISABLED, AND R ANSWERED WORKING FOR PAY:) About how many hours do you work on your job in the average week? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0116)
 TOTAL%
1) Working now1932060.1
2) Temporarily laid off3661.1
4) Unemployed12914.0
5) Retired476814.8
6) Permanently disabled9122.8
7) Homemaker445313.9
8) Student8142.5
9) NA/Don't know1980.6
Missing15316
Total32122100.0
50) 1948: What is [head's] occupation, I mean, what kind of work does (head) do? 1972-1978: We'd also like to know about the head of the family. Is (he/she) working now, looking for work, retired, (a housewife), (a student), or what? (HOMEMAKER OR STUDENT) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (HOMEMAKER OR STUDENT, AND R IS WORKING FOR PAY:) About how many hours do you work on your job in the average week? 1980-1986: We'd like to know if he/she is working now, temporarily laid off, or is he/she unemployed, retired, permanently disabled, (a homemaker), (a student), or what? (STUDENT OR HOMEMAKER:) Is he/she doing any work for pay at the present time? (RETIRED 1980, 1982) Is he/she doing any work for pay at the present time? (DISABLED 1982) Is he/she doing any work for pay at the present time? (STUDENT OR HOMEMAKER:) About how many hours does he/she work on his/her job in the average week? (RETIRED AND ANSWERED WORKING FOR PAY 1980:) In an average week does he/she work 20 or more hours on that job? (RETIRED OR DISABLED, AND R ANSWERED WORKING FOR PAY 1982:) About how many hours does he/she work on your job in the average week? (RETIRED OR DISABLED, AND R VOLUNTEERED WORKING FOR PAY 1984, 1986:) About how many hours does he/she work on your job in the average week? (VCF0117)
 TOTAL%
1) Working now1186370.0
2) Temporarily laid off2391.4
4) Unemployed (1972 adds "looking for work")5793.4
5) Retired266415.7
6) Permanently disabled5293.1
7) Housewife (not working at least 20 hrs. per week)7774.6
8) Student (not working at least 20 hrs. per week)2021.2
9) NA/Don't know1060.6
Missing30479
Total16959100.0
51) We'd like to know if you are working now, temporarily laid off, or are you unemployed, retired, permanently disabled, (a homemaker), (a student), or what? (STUDENT OR HOMEMAKER:) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (RETIRED:) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (DISABLED:) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (STUDENT OR HOMEMAKER:) About how many hours do you work on your job in the average week? (RETIRED OR DISABLED, AND R ANSWERED WORKING FOR PAY:) About how many hours do you work on your job in the average week? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0118)
 TOTAL%
1) Employed2546959.4
2) Not employed: laid off, unemployed, on strike, permanently disabled, other (Exc.: retired, student, housewife)27236.3
3) Retired557213.0
4) Homemaker (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1968-1970: if identifies self as "housewife"; 1956-1964: not working at all; 1952: not working full time)771518.0
5) Student (since 1972: not working 20 or more hrs/wk; 1970: if identifies self as "student"; 1968: if identifies self as student -- unless working full time days [coded "employed"]; 1956-1964: full or part time day student, working or not; 1952: not employed full time)10642.5
9) DK/NA/No Pre IW3580.8
Missing4537
Total42901100.0
52) 1968, 1970: Is (the head) presently employed, or is (he/she) unemployed, retired, (a housewife), (a student), or what? 1972-1978: We'd also like to know about the head of the family. Is (he/she) working now, looking for work, retired, (a housewife), (a student), or what? (HOMEMAKER OR STUDENT) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (HOMEMAKER OR STUDENT, AND R IS WORKING FOR PAY:) About how many hours do you work on your job in the average week? 1980-1986: We'd like to know if he/she is working now, temporarily laid off, or is he/she unemployed, retired, permanently disabled, (a homemaker), (a student), or what? (STUDENT OR HOMEMAKER:) Is he/she doing any work for pay at the present time? (RETIRED 1980, 1982) Is he/she doing any work for pay at the present time? (DISABLED 1982) Is he/she doing any work for pay at the present time? (STUDENT OR HOMEMAKER:) About how many hours does he/she work on his/her job in the average week? (RETIRED AND ANSWERED WORKING FOR PAY 1980:) In an average week does he/she work 20 or more hours on that job? (RETIRED OR DISABLED, AND R ANSWERED WORKING FOR PAY 1982:) About how many hours does he/she work on your job in the average week? (RETIRED OR DISABLED, AND R VOLUNTEERED WORKING FOR PAY 1984, 1986:) About how many hours does he/she work on your job in the average week? (VCF0119)
 TOTAL%
1) Employed2085573.1
2) Not employed: Laid off, unemployed, on strike, permanently disabled and other except for retired, student or housewife16275.7
3) Retired (1966 adds "over 65")410114.4
4) Homemaker13384.7
5) Student2711.0
9) DK/NA/No Pre IW3231.1
Missing18923
Total28515100.0
53) Prestige Score: Duncan S.E.I. score for respondent (VCF0120)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total9841344.82262.51
54) Prestige Score: Duncan S.E.I. score for head (VCF0121)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total9841404.63261.65
55) NORC Prestige score for respondent (VCF0122)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total7584346.31215.73
56) NORC Prestige score for head (VCF0123)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total7584420.97198.85
57) Prestige Score: Duncan S.E.S. score for respondent (VCF0124)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total734430.4127.81
58) Prestige Score: Duncan S.E.S. score for head (VCF0125)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total863539.2727.53
59) What kind of work did your father do for a living while you were growing up? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0126)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know; NA; father wasn't living/not raised by father/no information for parental surrogate; member of armed forces; father not in labor force; no Pre IW; short-form or Spanish language (1992)26857.7
1) Professional and managerial654118.8
2) Clerical and sales workers21996.3
3) Skilled, semi-skilled and service workers1222035.2
4) Laborers, except farm21456.2
5) Farmers, farm managers, farm laborers and foremen896425.8
Missing12684
Total34754100.0
60) What kind of work did your father (SINCE 1978: [or father surrogate]) do for a living while you were growing up? (VCF0126A)
 TOTAL%
0) Father wasn't living; not raised by father; no parallel information for parental surrogate1271.6
1) Professional, technical and kindred workers5807.2
2) Managers, officials and proprietors exc. farm100012.4
3) Clerical and kindred workers, sales workers4115.1
4) Craftsmen, foremen and kindred workers and authoritative protective service workers142617.7
5) Operative and kindred workers116314.5
6) Service workers, including private household workers and (exc. authoritative) protective service workers1712.1
7) Laborers, except farm5296.6
8) Farm laborers and foremen; farmers; owners, managers, tenant farmers and sharecroppers215626.8
9) Occupation not reported (NA); members of armed forces; not in labor force4725.9
Missing39403
Total8035100.0
61) What kind of work did your father or father surrogate do for a living while you were growing up? (VCF0126B)
 TOTAL%
0) Father wasn't living; not raised by father; no parallel information for parental surrogate751.1
1) Professional, technical, and kindred workers6849.7
2) Managers and administrators, except farm87612.4
3) Sales workers2874.1
4) Clerical and kindred workers1712.4
5) Craftsmen and kindred workers137419.5
6) Operatives, except transport70710.0
7) Transport equipment operatives3505.0
8) Laborers, except farm4085.8
9) Farmers (owners and tenants), farm managers, farmer -- NA type118616.8
10) Farm foremen, farm laborer (wage-worker)1001.4
11) Service workers, except private household and government protective services1832.6
12) Government protective services: firemen; police; marshals and constables861.2
13) Private household workers10.0
14) Member of armed services1512.1
15) Not in labor force100.1
98) Don't know1512.1
99) NA2503.5
Missing40388
Total7050100.0
62) What kind of work did your father or father surrogate do for a living while you were growing up? What was his main occupation? (SINCE 1986:) What were his most important activities or duties? What kind of business or industry was that? (VCF0126C)
 TOTAL%
0) Father wasn't living; not raised by father; no parallel information for parental surrogate; short form or Spanish language questionnaire (1992)3734.2
1) Executive, administrative, and managerial8359.3
2) Professional specialty occupations6667.4
3) Technicians and related support occupations690.8
4) Sales occupation6056.8
5) Administrative support, including clerical2152.4
6) Private household00.0
7) Protective service1361.5
8) Service exc. Protective and household2082.3
9) Farming, forestry and fishing occupations180220.1
10) Precision production, craft, and repair occupations192121.4
11) Machine operators, assemblers and inspectors6787.6
12) Transportation and material, moving occupations5836.5
13) Handler, equipment cleaners, helpers and laborers4094.6
14) Member of armed forces2082.3
15) Not in labor force210.2
98) Don't know1181.3
99) NA1111.2
Missing38480
Total8958100.0
63) Do you or anyone else in this household belong to a labor union? (IF YES:) Who is it that belongs? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0127)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know; NA; no Pre IW; short-form "new" Cross Section (1992)4471.0
1) Yes, someone (1948: head) in household belongs to a labor union1000422.2
2) No, no one in the household belongs to a labor union3469176.8
Missing2296
Total45142100.0
64) (1988-LATER EXC. 2002: Do you or [1988: does] anyone else; 2002; Does anyone) in this household belong to a union? (IF YES:) Who is it that belongs? (VCF0127A)
 TOTAL%
0) No one1314183.0
11) Respondent only14499.2
12) Spouse only7134.5
13) Other household member only2171.4
21) Respondent and spouse1911.2
22) Respondent and other household member270.2
23) Spouse and other household member50.0
31) Respondent, spouse, and other household member40.0
99) Don't know; NA; Don't know/NA if anyone in union; short-form "new" Cross Section (1992)780.5
Missing31613
Total15825100.0
65) Do you or anyone else in this household belong to a labor union? (IF YES:) Who is it that belongs? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0127B)
 TOTAL%
0) No one3438977.6
1) Respondent only492311.1
2) Someone other than respondent only38768.7
3) Respondent and someone other than respondent7141.6
9) Don't know; NA; no Pre IW; short-form "new" Cross Section4381.0
Missing3098
Total44340100.0
66) Do you mostly attend a place of worship that is Protestant, Roman Catholic, Jewish or what? (IF R DOESN'T ATTEND RELIGIOUS SERVICES:) Regardless of whether you now attend any religious services do you ever think of yourself as part of a particular church or denomination? (IF YES:) Do you consider yourself Protestant, Roman Catholic, Jewish or what? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0128)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know; NA; refused to answer; no Pre IW; no Post IW; short-form "new" Cross Section (1992)5041.1
1) Protestant3062064.5
2) Catholic [Roman Catholic]1096223.1
3) Jewish11712.5
4) Other and none (also includes don't know preference)41818.8
Total47438100.0
67) Is your religious preference PROTESTANT, ROMAN CATHOLIC, JEWISH, or something else? (IF PROTESTANT OR OTHER:) What church or denomination is that? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0128A)
 TOTAL%
1) Mainline Protestant883234.7
2) Evangelical Protestant759929.9
3) Catholic [Roman Catholic]582722.9
4) Jewish6132.4
5) Non-traditional orthodox5542.2
6) Non-Christian/Non-Jewish1710.7
7) Atheist, agnostic, none15956.3
9) Don't know; NA; refused to answer; no Pre IW; no Post IW; short-form "new" Cross Section (1992)2531.0
Missing21994
Total25444100.0
68) (IF R ATTENDS RELIGIOUS SERVICES:) Do you mostly attend a place of worship that is Protestant, Roman Catholic, Jewish, or what? (IF R DOESN'T ATTEND RELIGIOUS SERVICES:) Regardless of whether you now attend any religious services do you ever think of yourself as part of a particular church or denomination? (IF YES:) Do you consider yourself Protestant, Roman Catholic, Jewish, or what? ATTENDS/CONSIDERS SELF PROTESTANT: (IF BAPTIST:) With which Baptist group is your church associated? Is it the Southern Baptist Convention, the American Baptist Churches in the USA, the American Baptist Association, [1992-LATER: the National Baptist Convention U.S.A.,] an independent Baptist church or some other Baptist group? (IF INDEPENDENT BAPTIST:) Are you affiliated with any larger Baptist group or is this strictly a local church? (IF LUTHERAN:) Is this church part of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, the Missouri Synod, or some other Lutheran group? (IF METHODIST:) Is your church part of the United Methodist Church, African Methodist Episcopal, or some other Methodist group? (IF PRESBYTERIAN:) Is this the Presbyterian Church in the USA or some other Presbyterian group? (IF REFORMED:) Is this the Christian Reformed Church, the Reformed Church in America, or some other Reformed group? (IF BRETHREN:) Is this the Church of the Brethren, the Plymouth Brethren, or what? (IF CHRISTIAN OR JUST CHRISTIAN:) When you say "Christian" does that mean the denomination called the "Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)," or some other Christian denomination, or do you mean to say "I am just a Christian?" (IF CHURCH OR CHURCHES OF CHRIST:) Is this the Church of Christ or United Church of Christ? (IF CHURCH OF GOD:) Is this the Church of God of Anderson Indiana, the Church of God of Cleveland Tennessee, the Church of God in Christ, or some other Church of God? (IF HOLINESS OR PENTECOSTAL:) What kind of church is that? What is it called exactly? Is that part of a larger church or denomination? What is that church called? ATTENDS/CONSIDERS SELF OTHER: What is it called exactly? Is that church part of a denomination? Is that group Christian? ATTENDS/CONSIDERS SELF JEWISH: Do you usually attend a synagogue or temple that is Orthodox, Conservative, Reform or what? / Do you consider yourself Orthodox, Conservative, Reform or what? ALL CHRISTIANS: Which one of these words BEST describes your kind of Christianity: Fundamentalist, Evangelical, Charismatic or Spirit-Filled, Moderate to Liberal? Would you call yourself a born-again Christian, that is, have you personally had a conversion experience related to Jesus Christ? (VCF0128B)
 TOTAL%
0) Mainline Protestant167721.0
1) Evangelical Protestant220827.7
2) Black Protestant Church801.0
3) Catholic [Roman Catholic]168121.1
4) Jewish1311.6
5) Non-traditional Orthodox1381.7
6) Non-Christian/Non-Jewish570.7
7) Atheist, agnostic, none91111.4
9) Don't know; NA; Refused to answer; no Pre IW; no Post IW; short-form "new" Cross Section (1992); "new" Cross Section (1994)109113.7
Missing39464
Total7974100.0
69) Is your religious preference PROTESTANT, ROMAN CATHOLIC, JEWISH, or something else? (IF PROTESTANT OR OTHER:) What church or denomination is that? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0129)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total26955217.27233.13
70) Thinking about your life these days, do you ever attend religious services, apart from occasional weddings, baptisms or funerals? (IF YES:) Do you go to religious services every week, almost every week, once or twice a month, a few times a year, or never? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0130)
 TOTAL%
0) INAP religion (1970-1988); atheists and agnostics are INAP (1972, 1986 only); short-form "new" Cross Section1800.5
1) Every week (Except 1970: almost every week)889126.4
2) Almost every week (no cases in 1970)371711.1
3) Once or twice a month451213.4
4) A few times a year781323.2
5) Never (1990 and later: "No" in filter)690620.5
7) No religious preference (1970-1988)13954.1
8) Don't know how often/Don't know if attend160.0
9) NA how often/NA if attend1990.6
Missing13809
Total33629100.0
71) Thinking about your life these days, do you ever attend religious services, apart from occasional weddings, baptisms or funerals? (IF YES:) Do you go to religious services every week, almost every week, once or twice a month, a few times a year, or never? (IF R SAYS HE/SHE GOES TO RELIGIOUS SERVICES EVERY WEEK:) Would you say you go to religious services once a week or more often than once a week? (VCF0130A)
 TOTAL%
0) Every week -- more than once a week169612.3
1) Every week -- once a week or NA if once a week/more than once a week192814.0
2) Almost every week160511.6
3) Once or twice a month196414.2
4) A few times a year211115.3
5) Never ("No" in filter)436631.7
8) Don't know how often/Don't know if attend120.1
9) NA how often/NA if attend; short-form "new" Cross Section (1992)1030.7
Missing33653
Total13785100.0
72) Would you say you go to church regularly, often, seldom or never? (VCF0131)
 TOTAL%
0) Religion refused/NA; no Pre IW; no Post IW180513.4
1) Regularly489636.2
2) Often200914.9
4) Seldom375727.8
5) Never7745.7
7) No religious preference (1960-1968)1791.3
9) NA990.7
Missing33919
Total13519100.0
73) Where was it that you grew up? (IF UNITED STATES:) Which state or states? (VCF0132)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total31182153.89106.77
74) What part of the United States did you grow up in? (VCF0133)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total9154156.45122.29
75) Looking at this list, please tell me, where were you mostly brought up? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0134)
 TOTAL%
1) Farm/country (including "in the country, not on a farm" in 1978-1992)1296333.6
2) Not farm/country2513865.1
8) Don't know180.0
9) NA; no Pre IW; short-form "new" Cross Section (1992)5031.3
Missing8816
Total38622100.0
76) Type community where respondent grew up (2) (VCF0135)
 TOTAL%
1) In a large city713919.4
2) Not in a large city2920279.5
8) Don't know180.0
9) NA; no Pre IW; short-form "new" Cross Section (1992)3641.0
Missing10715
Total36723100.0
77) Type community where R grew up (3) (VCF0136)
 TOTAL%
1) Farm, rural, "country"599335.6
2) Town, "small town"387723.0
3) City, not a large city305118.1
4) Large city354521.0
5) Other; mixture of communities; "suburb"2241.3
9) Don't know; NA; no Pre IW1570.9
Missing30591
Total16847100.0
78) Type community where R grew up (4) (VCF0137)
 TOTAL%
1) On a farm390619.7
2) In the country, not on a farm236511.9
3) In a small city or town (under 50,000)584329.4
4) In a medium-sized city (50,000-100,000)220211.1
5) In a large city (100,000-500,000)241612.2
6) In a suburb of a large city13116.6
7) In a very large city (over 500,000)11785.9
8) In a suburb of a very large city4302.2
9) Don't know; NA; short-form "new" Cross Section (1992)2251.1
Missing27562
Total19876100.0
79) Number of children under 18 years old in household unit/family (VCF0138)
 TOTAL%
0) None1579349.2
1) One445613.9
2) Two424513.2
3) Three21246.6
4) Four9062.8
5) Five3481.1
6) Six1350.4
7) Seven700.2
8) Eight or more530.2
9) NA; no Pre IW; Panel (1992, 1996, 2002)397112.4
Missing15337
Total32101100.0
80) Number of children age 5 or younger old in household (VCF0138A)
 TOTAL%
0) None1477067.2
1) One229510.4
2) Two8683.9
3) Three1430.7
4) Four210.1
5) Five10.0
6) Six00.0
7) Seven00.0
8) Eight00.0
9) NA; Panel (1992, 1996, 2002)389417.7
Missing25446
Total21992100.0
81) Number of children 6-9 years old in household (VCF0138B)
 TOTAL%
0) None1557170.8
1) One19989.1
2) Two4562.1
3) Three510.2
4) Four10.0
5) Five00.0
6) Six00.0
7) Seven00.0
8) Eight00.0
9) NA; Panel (1992, 1996, 2002)391517.8
Missing25446
Total21992100.0
82) Number of children 10-13 years old in household (VCF0138C)
 TOTAL%
0) None1555070.7
1) One20349.2
2) Two4442.0
3) Three470.2
4) Four30.0
5) Five00.0
6) Six00.0
7) Seven00.0
8) Eight00.0
9) NA; Panel (1992, 1996, 2002)391417.8
Missing25446
Total21992100.0
83) Number of children 14-17 years old in household (VCF0138D)
 TOTAL%
0) None1560571.0
1) One19338.8
2) Two4752.2
3) Three580.3
4) Four70.0
5) Five00.0
6) Six00.0
7) Seven00.0
8) Eight00.0
9) NA; Panel (1992, 1996, 2002)391417.8
Missing25446
Total21992100.0
84) Age of youngest child in family (VCF0138E)
 TOTAL%
1) 1 ½ years or less101710.1
2) Over 1 ½ years up to and including 2 ½ years5205.1
3) Over 2 ½ years up to and including 3 ½ years4294.2
4) Over 3 ½ years up to and including 4 ½ years3493.5
5) Over 4 ½ years up to and including 5 ½ years3133.1
6) Over 5 ½ years up to and including 10 ½ years123812.2
7) Over 10 ½ years up to and including 14 ½ years8068.0
8) Over 14 ½ years up to 18 years5405.3
9) NA; no children; no Pre IW489748.4
Missing37329
Total10109100.0
85) 1970, 1974, 1976, 1980: Do you have any children? (IF YES:) How many? (VCF0139)
 TOTAL%
0) None171924.8
1) One117416.9
2) Two165823.9
3) Three110015.8
4) Four5938.5
5) Five3134.5
6) Six1502.2
7) Seven891.3
8) Eight or more1111.6
9) NA370.5
Missing40494
Total6944100.0
86) What is the highest degree that you have earned? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0140)
 TOTAL%
1) 8 grades or less ("grade school")753916.1
2) 9-12 grades ("high school"), no diploma/equivalency666214.2
3) 12 grades, diploma or equivalency1141124.4
4) 12 grades, diploma or equivalency35487.6
5) Some college, no degree; junior/community college909119.4
6) BA level degrees792016.9
7) Advanced degrees including LLB1390.3
8) Don't know220.0
9) NA; no Pre IW; short-form "new" Cross Section (1992)4440.9
Missing662
Total46776100.0
87) What is the highest degree that you have earned? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0140A)
 TOTAL%
1) 8 grades or less ("grade school")753916.1
2) 9-12 grades ("high school"), no diploma/equivalency666214.2
3) 12 grades, diploma or equivalency1141124.4
4) 12 grades, diploma or equivalency plus non-academic training39258.4
5) Some college, no degree; junior/community college level degree (AA degree)871418.6
6) BA level degrees582012.4
7) Advanced degrees including LLB22404.8
8) Don't know220.0
9) NA; no Pre IW; short-form "new" Cross Section (1992)4430.9
Missing662
Total46776100.0
88) What is the highest degree that (head) has earned? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0141)
 TOTAL%
1) 8 grades or less ("grade school")406818.3
2) 9-12 grades ("high school"), no diploma/equivalency333215.0
3) 12 grades, diploma or equivalency432119.4
4) 12 grades, diploma or equivalency plus non-academic training290613.1
5) Some college, no degree; junior/community college level degree (AA degree)352215.8
6) BA level degrees; advanced degrees including LLB371616.7
8) Don't know1150.5
9) NA; head of family not determined (1986)2491.1
Missing25209
Total22229100.0
89) Where were you born? (IF UNITED STATES:) Which state? (VCF0142)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total36815153.47101.77
90) Were both your parents born in this country? (VCF0143)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes3087780.5
5) No683117.8
8) Don't know1420.4
9) NA; no Pre IW; short-form "new" Cross Section (1992)4861.3
Missing9102
Total38336100.0
91) (IF BOTH PARENTS NOT BORN IN THE U.S.:) What country was your father born in? (VCF0144)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total20870243.84146.62
92) (IF BOTH PARENTS NOT BORN IN THE U.S.:) What country was your mother born in? (VCF0145)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total20870242.05146.56
93) Do you/ Does your family own your own home, pay rent or what? (VCF0146)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, own2572466.5
2) No, not owned1236532.0
8) Don't know30.0
9) NA; no Pre IW; short form (1992)5641.5
Missing8782
Total38656100.0
94) Are you married now and living with your husband/wife -- or are you widowed, divorced, separated, or have you never married? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0147)
 TOTAL%
1) Married and living with spouse (or spouse in service)2875663.0
2) Never married594113.0
3) Divorced36338.0
4) Separated13212.9
5) Widowed478810.5
7) Partners; not married (VOLUNTEERED [exc. 1986])5611.2
8) Respondent not married/partnered, refused to say whether never married, divorced, separated or widowed (1992 only); Don't know80.0
9) NA; no Pre IW; unmarried at time of interview (1952 only); short-form "new" Cross-Section (1992)6291.4
Missing1801
Total45637100.0
95) Most people say they belong either to the middle class or the working class. Do you ever think of yourself as belonging in one of these classes? (IF YES:) Which one? (IF NO:) Well, if you had to make a choice, would you call yourself middle class or working class? Would you say that you are about average middle/working class or that you are in the upper part of the middle/working class? (VCF0148)
 TOTAL%
0) Lower class (VOLUNTEERED)860.3
1) Average working1363541.3
2) Working--NA average or upper4101.2
3) Upper working28548.6
4) Average middle1115633.8
5) Middle class--NA average or upper3141.0
6) Upper middle32619.9
7) Upper class (VOLUNTEERED)290.1
9) Don't know; NA; other (incl. "refused to accept idea of class")12623.8
Missing14431
Total33007100.0
96) Most people say they belong either to the middle class or the working class. Do you ever think of yourself as belonging in one of these classes? (IF YES:) Which one? (IF NO:) Well, if you had to make a choice, would you call yourself middle class or working class? Would you say that you are about average middle/working class or that you are in the upper part of the middle/working class? (VCF0148A)
 TOTAL%
1) Average working1363535.9
2) Working--NA average or upper30888.1
3) Upper working28547.5
4) Average middle1115629.4
5) Middle class--NA average or upper23426.2
6) Upper middle32618.6
9) Don't know; NA; other (incl. "refused to accept idea of class")15994.2
Missing9503
Total37935100.0
97) Most people say they belong either to the middle class or the working class. Do you ever think of yourself as belonging in one of these classes? (IF YES:) Which one? (IF NO:) Well, if you had to make a choice, would you call yourself middle class or working class? (VCF0149)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, think of self as member of class and that class is middle class1228332.4
2) No, don't think of self as member of class, but if had to choose middle or working, would choose middle436311.5
3) Yes, think of self as member of class and that class is working class1270533.5
4) No, don't think of self as member of class, but if had to choose middle or working, would choose working671517.7
5) Refuses to accept idea of class (except 1964, 1966, 1968)2850.8
6) Other (in 1964, 1966, 1968, also includes "refuses to accept idea of class")5351.4
9) Don't know; NA; no Pre IW; short form (1992)10492.8
Missing9503
Total37935100.0
98) We'd like to know if you are working now, temporarily laid off, or are you unemployed, retired, permanently disabled, (a homemaker), (a student), or what? (STUDENT OR HOMEMAKER:) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (RETIRED 1980, 1982, 1988 AND LATER:) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (DISABLED 1982, 1988, AND LATER:) Are you doing any work for pay at the present time? (STUDENT OR HOMEMAKER:) About how many hours do you work on your job in the average week? (RETIRED OR DISABLED, AND R ANSWERED WORKING FOR PAY 1982, 1988, AND LATER:) About how many hours do you work on your job in the average week? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0150)
 TOTAL%
10) Working now1266158.1
15) Working now and retired -- 20 or more hrs/wk1500.7
16) Working now and permanently disabled -- 20 or more hrs/wk110.1
17) Working now and homemaker -- 20 or more hrs/wk2981.4
18) Working now and student -- 20 or more hrs/wk3631.7
20) Temporarily laid off2581.2
40) Unemployed9144.2
50) Retired, no current occupation327815.1
51) Retired and working now -- less than 20 hrs/wk1380.6
60) Permanently disabled, no current occupation7053.2
61) Permanently disabled and working -- less than 20 hrs/wk40.0
70) Homemaker, no other occupation21529.9
71) Homemaker and working now -- less than 20 hrs/wk1870.9
75) Homemaker and student, no other occupation370.2
80) Student, no current occupation4382.0
81) Student and working now -- less than 20 hrs/wk1480.7
99) NA370.2
Missing25659
Total21779100.0
99) (IF R IS WORKING NOW OR IS TEMPORARILY LAID OFF:) What is your main occupation? What are your most important activities or duties? (IF R IS RETIRED/UNEMPLOYED/DISABLED:) What kind of work did you do on your last regular job? What were your most important activities or duties? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0151)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; member of armed forces; no occupation and not a homemaker; no Pre IW10482.5
1) Professional and managerial1000424.1
2) Clerical and sales workers758818.3
3) Skilled, semi-skilled and service workers1321731.8
4) Laborers, except farm12162.9
5) Farmers, farm managers, farm laborers and foremen; forestry and fishermen14173.4
6) Homemakers (1980-later: no other occupation (any number of hours) and have not worked in past 6/12 mos.; 1972-1978: not working at least 20 hrs/wk.; 1956-1970: no other occupation, full or part time; 1952: no other full-time occupation)704817.0
Missing5900
Total41538100.0
100) (IF R ATTENDS RELIGIOUS SERVICES:) Do you mostly attend a place of worship that is Protestant, Roman Catholic, Jewish, or what? IF R DOESN'T ATTEND RELIGIOUS SERVICES:) Regardless of whether you now attend any religious services do you ever think of yourself as part of a particular church or denomination? (IF YES:) Do you consider yourself Protestant, Roman Catholic, Jewish, or what? PROTESTANTS: (IF BAPTIST:) With which Baptist group is your church associated? Is it the Southern Baptist Convention, the American Baptist Churches in the USA, the American Baptist Association, [1992-LATER: the National Baptist Convention U.S.A.,] an independent Baptist church or some other Baptist group? (IF INDEPENDENT BAPTIST:) Are you affiliated with any larger Baptist group or is this strictly a local church? (IF LUTHERAN:) Is this church part of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, the Missouri Synod, or some other Lutheran group? (IF METHODIST:) Is your church part of the United Methodist Church, African Methodist Episcopal, or some other Methodist group? (IF PRESBYTERIAN:) Is this the Presbyterian Church in the USA or some other Presbyterian group? (IF REFORMED:) Is this the Christian Reformed Church, the Reformed Church in America, or some other Reformed group? (IF BRETHREN:) Is this the Church of the Brethren, the Plymouth Brethren, or what? (IF CHRISTIAN OR JUST CHRISTIAN:) When you say "Christian" does that mean the denomination called the "Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)," or some other Christian denomination, or do you mean to say "I am just a Christian?" (IF CHURCH OR CHURCHES OF CHRIST:) Is this the Church of Christ or United Church of Christ? (IF CHURCH OF GOD:) Is this the Church of God of Anderson Indiana, the Church of God of Cleveland Tennessee, the Church of God in Christ, or some other Church of God? (IF HOLINESS OR PENTECOSTAL:) What kind of church is that? What is it called exactly? Is that part of a larger church or denomination? What is that church called? (IF OTHER:) What is it called exactly? Is that church part of a denomination? Is that group Christian? (IF JEWISH:) (IF R ATTENDS JEWISH RELIGIOUS SERVICES:) Do you usually attend a synagogue or temple that is Orthodox, Conservative, Reform or what? (IF R DOES NOT ATTEND RELIGIOUS SERVICES BUT CONSIDERS SELF JEWISH:) Do you consider yourself Orthodox, Conservative, Reform or what? (VCF0152)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total12274368.39290.46
101) 1972-1976: Other than being a housewife, did your mother (or mother substitute) have a job while you were growing up? What kind of work did she do? (VCF0153A)
 TOTAL%
0) Mother wasn't living; not raised by mother; no parallel information for parental surrogated460.6
1) Professional, technical, and kindred workers3003.7
2) Managers, officials and proprietors except farm1091.4
3) Clerical and kindred workers, sales workers6197.7
4) Craftsmen, foremen and kindred workers and (authoritative) protective service workers330.4
5) Operative and kindred workers5576.9
6) Service workers, including private household workers and protective service workers6518.1
7) Laborers, except farm590.7
8) Farm laborers and foremen; farmers; owners, managers, tenant farmers and sharecroppers1101.4
9) Occupation not reported (NA); members of armed forces; not in labor force; NA if mother had occupation555169.1
Missing39403
Total8035100.0
102) Other than being a housewife, did your mother (or mother substitute) have a job while you were growing up? (IF YES:) What kind of work did she do? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0153B)
 TOTAL%
0) Mother wasn't living; not raise by mother; no parallel information for parental surrogate30.1
1) Professional, technical, and kindred workers2925.5
2) Managers and administrators, except farm1031.9
3) Sales workers1392.6
4) Clerical and kindred workers4017.5
5) Craftsmen and kindred workers300.6
6) Operatives, except transpor4368.2
7) Transport equipment operatives80.1
8) Laborers, except farm190.4
9) Farmers (owners and tenants), farm managers, farmer -- NA type430.8
10) Farm foreman, farm laborer (wage-worker)430.8
11) Service workers, except private household and government protective services4047.6
12) Government protective services: Firemen; police; marshals and constables40.1
13) Private household workers1242.3
14) Member of armed forces20.0
15) Not in labor force319659.9
98) Don't know140.3
99) NA751.4
Missing42102
Total5336100.0
103) Other than being a housewife, did your mother (or mother substitute) have a job while you were growing up? (IF YES:) What kind of work did she do while you were growing up? (What was her main occupation?) (VCF0153C)
 TOTAL%
0) Mother wasn't living; not raise by mother; no parallel information for parental surrogate1721.9
1) Executive, administrative, and managerial1992.2
2) Professional specialty occupations5225.8
3) Technicians and related support occupations1001.1
4) Sales occupation3523.9
5) Administrative support, including clerical7458.3
6) Private household2132.4
7) Protective service170.2
8) Service except protective and household7748.6
9) Farming, forestry and fishing occupations1792.0
10) Precision production, craft and repaid occupations1021.1
11) Machine operators, assemblers and inspectors6277.0
12) Transportation and material moving occupations340.4
13) Handler, equipment cleaners, helpers and laborers1061.2
14) Member of armed forces30.0
15) Not in labor force476053.1
98) Don't know270.3
99) NA260.3
Missing38480
Total8958100.0
104) What is/was your main occupation? (What sort of work do/did you do?) (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0154A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1874725.4221.64
105) What is/was your main occupation? (What sort of work do/did you do?) (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0154B)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know; NA; nonworking homemaker/student; respondent has never worked for pay231812.4
1) Executive, administrative and managerial213011.4
2) Professional specialty occupations268414.3
3) Technicians and related support occupations5152.7
4) Sales occupation16929.0
5) Administrative support, including clerical237612.7
6) Private household1871.0
7) Protective service2701.4
8) Service except protective and household192510.3
9) Farming, forestry and fishing occupations4812.6
10) Precision production, craft and repair occupations17699.4
11) Machine operators, assemblers and inspectors11756.3
12) Transportation and material moving occupations6893.7
13) Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers and laborers4462.4
14) Member of armed forces900.5
Missing28691
Total18747100.0
106) How worried are you about losing your job/finding a job in the near future: a lot, somewhat, or not much at all? (VCF0155)
 TOTAL%
0) R is nonworking homemaker or student; R is unemployed/disabled and has never worked for pay, or R is working and retired (1984-1986); R is unemployed/disabled and has never worked for pay, or R is working and retired/disabled (1988-1994); R is unemployed/disabled and has never worked for pay (1996-1998)245814.5
1) A lot12737.5
3) Somewhat203712.0
5) Not much at all1076963.6
8) Don't know; refused730.4
9) NA3301.9
Missing30498
Total16940100.0
107) Were you out of work or laid off at any time during the last six months? (VCF0156)
 TOTAL%
0) Respondent is not currently working662735.3
1) Yes13277.1
5) No1076357.4
8) Don't know00.0
9) NA300.2
Missing28691
Total18747100.0
108) During the last six months, have you had a reduction in your work hours or had to take a cut in pay at any time for reasons other than illness or personal choice? (VCF0157)
 TOTAL%
0) Respondent is not currently working662735.3
1) Yes12586.7
5) No1081357.7
8) Don't know20.0
9) NA470.3
Missing28691
Total18747100.0
109) County code 1956-1960 (VCF0170A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total4393508.39273.43
110) Sampling PSU-county code 1964-1976 (VCF0170B)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total12454498.24299.34
111) ICPSR county code 1968-1982 (VCF0170C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1492836,906.6620,418.05
112) FIPS state-country code 1970, 1978-1998 (VCF0170D)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2257128,665.4516,281.19
113) Democrats -- feeling thermometer (VCF0201)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1548669.6222.15
114) Republicans -- feeling thermometer (VCF0202)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1548664.1123.47
115) Protestants -- feeling thermometer (VCF0203)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1269076.1720.37
116) Catholics -- feeling thermometer (VCF0204)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2068470.3822.69
[ Add to Question Bank | View more questions about Catholics, View of ]
117) Jews -- feeling thermometer (VCF0205)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1842769.3122.08
[ Add to Question Bank | View more questions about Jews, View of ]
118) Blacks -- feeling thermometer (VCF0206)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3574468.4922.33
119) Whites -- feeling thermometer (VCF0207)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3158877.5119.03
120) Southerners -- feeling thermometer (VCF0208)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1339270.0122.41
121) Big business -- feeling thermometer (VCF0209)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2738260.3824.71
122) Labor unions -- feeling thermometer (VCF0210)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3281959.9326.79
123) Liberals -- feeling thermometer (VCF0211)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3574459.2125.73
124) Conservatives -- feeling thermometer (VCF0212)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3574464.5823.09
125) Military -- feeling thermometer (VCF0213)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2580374.4921.83
126) Policemen (1992: the police) -- feeling thermometer (VCF0214)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1336877.2719.58
127) Black militants -- feeling thermometer (VCF0215)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1408235.6235.76
128) Civil rights leaders -- feeling thermometer (VCF0216)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1394657.5030.49
129) Hispanics (Hispanic-Americans) -- feeling thermometer (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0217)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1868367.6823.10
130) The Democratic Party -- feeling thermometer (VCF0218)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2408361.9923.74
131) Middle class people -- feeling thermometer (VCF0219)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1161178.7017.51
132) People on welfare -- feeling thermometer (VCF0220)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2283957.3625.85
133) People who call themselves political independents -- feeling thermometer (VCF0221)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total528957.9824.61
134) Political parties, in general -- feeling thermometer (VCF0222)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1476157.1121.97
135) Poor people -- feeling thermometer (VCF0223)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2840075.2419.30
136) The Republican Party -- feeling thermometer (VCF0224)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2408357.0524.67
137) 1970-1976, 1980, 1984: the women's liberation movement--feeling thermometer 1986, 1990, 1992, 1996: the women's movement--feeling thermometer (VCF0225)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2386361.9927.85
138) Young people -- feeling thermometer (VCF0226)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total935479.7817.63
139) Asian-Americans -- feeling thermometer (VCF0227)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total701568.9721.69
140) Congress -- thermometer (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0228)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1366462.0522.48
141) Environmentalists -- thermometer (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0229)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1615872.6021.85
142) Opponents of abortion -- thermometer (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0230)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total627758.3731.91
143) The federal government in Washington -- feeling thermometer (VCF0231)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1238360.3724.58
144) Gay men and lesbians (that is), homosexuals -- feeling thermometer (VCF0232)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1610247.1533.12
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145) Illegal aliens (2004: illegal immigrants) -- feeling thermometer (VCF0233)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total753243.5930.74
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146) Christian fundamentalists -- feeling thermometer (VCF0234)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1256462.1028.03
147) Radical students -- feeling thermometer (VCF0235)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total964937.7334.72
148) Farmers -- feeling thermometer (VCF0236)
 TOTAL%
0) 040.1
5) 510.0
10) 1020.0
15) 1560.1
20) 2020.0
25) 2510.0
30) 30170.3
35) 3510.0
40) 40410.7
50) 504367.4
55) 5530.1
60) 604978.4
65) 6580.1
70) 7096516.4
75) 75470.8
79) 7910.0
80) 801061.8
85) 85146724.9
87) 8710.0
90) 90881.5
95) 95170.3
97) 97-100 degrees128021.7
98) Don't know881.5
99) NA; no Post IW81513.8
Missing41544
Total5894100.0
149) Feminists -- feeling thermometer (VCF0253)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total905561.7626.18
150) Both major parties -- feeling thermometer (VCF0290)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total24083108.61213.42
151) Major party thermometer index (VCF0291)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total24083104.04214.88
152) Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, a Democrat, an Independent, or what? Would you call yourself a strong (REP/DEM) or a not very strong (REP/DEM)? (IF INDEPENDENT, OTHER, OR NO PREFERENCE:) Do you think of yourself as closer to the Republican or Democratic Party? (VCF0301)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know; NA; other; refused to answer; no Pre IW4200.9
1) Strong Democrat873918.7
2) Weak Democrat1007821.5
3) Independent- Democrat525811.2
4) Independent- Independent492210.5
5) Independent- Republican45469.7
6) Weak Republican662814.2
7) Strong Republican536211.5
9) Apolitical (1966 only: and DK)8231.8
Missing662
Total46776100.0
153) Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, a Democrat, an Independent, or what? (VCF0302)
 TOTAL%
1) Republican851025.3
2) Independent940327.9
3) No preference; none; neither26347.8
4) Other1940.6
5) Democrat1278338.0
8) Don't know450.1
9) NA; refused1100.3
Missing13759
Total33679100.0
154) Party ID -- 3 categories and apolitical (VCF0303)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know; NA; other; refused to answer; no Pre IW4290.9
1) Democrats (including leaners)2407551.5
2) Independents492210.5
3) Republicans (including leaners)1653635.4
9) Apolitical (1966 only: and DK)8141.7
Missing662
Total46776100.0
155) Party ID -- 3 categories (VCF0303A)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know; NA; other; refused to answer; no Pre IW4200.9
1) Democrats (including leaners)2407551.5
2) Independents and apolitical (1966 only: and DK)574512.3
3) Republicans (including leaners)1653635.4
Missing662
Total46776100.0
156) Party ID -- strength of partisanship (VCF0305)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know; NA; other; refused to answer; no Pre IW4200.9
1) Independent or apolitical574512.3
2) Leaning Independent980421.0
3) Weak Partisan1670635.7
4) Strong Partisan1410130.1
Missing662
Total46776100.0
157) When you were growing up, did your father think of himself mostly as a Democrat, as a Republican, or what? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0306)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no pre-interview; no post-interview; respondent had no father/father substitute; don't know/NA father's interest in politics (1972 only)14466.8
1) Democrat974745.6
2) Independent13556.3
3) Republican535125.0
4) Other; minor party; apolitical; never voted, didn't get into politics; parents refused to say; Don't know (1988 only); father not a U.S. citizen12035.6
9) Don't know (exc. 1988)227810.7
Missing26058
Total21380100.0
158) When you were growing up, did your mother think of herself mostly as a Democrat, as a Republican, or what? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0307)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no pre-interview; no post-interview; respondent had no mother/mother substitute; don't know/NA mother's interest in politics (1972 only)13636.4
1) Democrat933743.7
2) Independent14166.6
3) Republican506123.7
4) Other; minor party; apolitical; never voted, didn't get into politics; parents refused to say; Don't know (1988 only); mother not a U.S. citizen; no women's suffrage (prior to 1972 only)17028.0
9) Don't know (exc. 1988)250111.7
Missing26058
Total21380100.0
159) Do you remember when you were growing up whether your father was very much interested in politics, somewhat interested, or didn't he pay much attention to it? (VCF0308)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; respondent had no father/father substitute3473.6
1) Didn't pay much attention230924.2
2) Somewhat interested302831.8
3) Very much interested338535.5
9) Don't know4624.8
Missing37907
Total9531100.0
160) Now how about your mother? When you were growing up was she very much interested in politics, somewhat interested, or didn't she pay much attention to it? (VCF0309)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; respondent had no mother/mother substitute2612.7
1) Didn't pay much attention441246.3
2) Somewhat interested287130.1
3) Very much interested160016.8
9) Don't know3874.1
Missing37907
Total9531100.0
161) Some people don't pay much attention to political campaigns. How about you, would you say that you have been/were very much interested, somewhat interested, or not much interested in the political campaigns so far this year? (VCF0310)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW3200.7
1) Not much interest1150126.1
2) Somewhat interested1894043.0
3) Very much interested1328730.2
9) Don't know140.0
Missing3376
Total44062100.0
162) Generally speaking, would you say that you personally care a good deal which party (1992 and later: who) wins the presidential election this fall, or that you don't care very much which party (1992 and later: who) wins? (VCF0311)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW4281.6
1) Don't care very much or don't know, pro-con, depends, and other852132.7
2) Care a good deal1710365.6
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
163) How much would you say that you personally care about the way the elections to the U.S. House of Representatives came out: Did you care very much, pretty much, not very much or not at all? (VCF0312)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW7142.8
1) Not very much, not at all, don't know, pro-con, depends, other1058541.2
2) Very much, pretty much1437156.0
Missing21768
Total25670100.0
164) Would you say you follow what's going on in government and public affairs most of the time, some of the time, only now and then, or hardly at all? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0313)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone interview (1984)31958.2
1) Hardly at all534313.7
2) Only now and then717218.4
3) Some of the time1309533.6
4) Most of the time1013726.0
9) Don't know770.2
Missing8419
Total39019100.0
165) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? Anything else [you like about the Democratic Party]? (VCF0314)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero positive mentions1640544.1
1) One positive mention (likes)686018.5
2) Two positive mentions (likes)489213.2
3) Three positive mentions (likes)26117.0
4) Four positive mentions (likes)11583.1
5) Five positive mentions (likes)8302.2
9) No Pre IW; form II (1972); form B (1986); form A (1990); questions not administered in assigned half sample441911.9
Missing10263
Total37175100.0
166) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? Anything else [you don't like about the Democratic Party]? (VCF0315)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero negative mentions (dislikes)1911751.4
1) One negative mention (dislikes)650217.5
2) Two negative mentions (dislikes)382910.3
3) Three negative mentions (dislikes)18344.9
4) Four negative mentions (dislikes)8472.3
5) Five negative mentions (dislikes)6271.7
9) No Pre IW; form II (1972); form B (1986); form A (1990); questions not administered in assigned half sample441911.9
Missing10263
Total37175100.0
167) Affect toward Democratic Party -- number of Democratic party "likes" minus the number of Democratic party "dislikes" (VCF0316)
 TOTAL%
-5) -53510.9
-4) -45441.5
-3) -311093.0
-2) -221675.8
-1) -1372710.0
0) 01319535.5
1) 1528014.2
2) 235069.4
3) 317584.7
4) 47682.1
5) 53510.9
99) No Pre IW; form II (1972); form B (1986); form A (1990); questions not administered in assigned half sample441911.9
Missing10263
Total37175100.0
168) Salience of Democratic Party -- number of Democratic party "likes" plus the number of Democratic party "dislikes" (VCF0317)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero mentions1061728.6
1) 1610616.4
2) 2599716.1
3) 3425911.5
4) 426367.1
5) 517664.8
6) 67702.1
7) 73821.0
8) 81340.4
9) 9630.2
10) Ten mentions260.1
99) No Pre IW; form II (1972); form B (1986); form A (1990); questions not administered in assigned half sample441911.9
Missing10263
Total37175100.0
169) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? Anything else [you like about the Republican Party]? (VCF0318)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero positive mentions1968753.0
1) One positive mention (likes)595616.0
2) Two positive mentions (likes)376410.1
3) Three positive mentions (likes)19335.2
4) Four positive mentions (likes)8352.2
5) Five positive mentions (likes)5811.6
9) No Pre IW; form II (1972); form B (1986); form A (1990); questions not administered in assigned half sample441911.9
Missing10263
Total37175100.0
170) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? Anything else [you don't like about the Republican Party]? (VCF0319)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero negative mentions (dislikes)1775347.8
1) One negative mention (dislikes)686818.5
2) Two negative mentions (dislikes)432811.6
3) Three negative mentions (dislikes)21665.8
4) Four negative mentions (dislikes)9122.5
5) Five negative mentions (dislikes)7292.0
9) No Pre IW; form II (1972); form B (1986); form A (1990); questions not administered in assigned half sample441911.9
Missing10263
Total37175100.0
171) Affect toward Republican Party -- number of Republican party "likes" minus the number of Republican party "dislikes" (VCF0320)
 TOTAL%
-5) -54061.1
-4) -46191.7
-3) -314623.9
-2) -228437.6
-1) -1470112.6
0) 01439638.7
1) 1406710.9
2) 223416.3
3) 311783.2
4) 45061.4
5) 52370.6
99) No Pre IW; form II (1972); form B (1986); form A (1990); questions not administered in assigned half sample441911.9
Missing10263
Total37175100.0
172) Salience of Republican Party -- number of Republican party "likes" plus the number of Republican party "dislikes" (VCF0321)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero mentions1196232.2
1) 1604316.3
2) 2556015.0
3) 3400010.8
4) 423356.3
5) 516324.4
6) 66951.9
7) 73210.9
8) 81310.4
9) 9550.1
10) Ten mentions220.1
99) No Pre IW; form II (1972); form B (1986); form A (1990); questions not administered in assigned half sample441911.9
Missing10263
Total37175100.0
173) Net affect toward major parties -- difference between two sums: the sum of Democratic partly "likes" and Republican party "dislikes" MINUS the sum of Democratic party "dislikes" and Republican party "likes" (VCF0322)
 TOTAL%
-10) -10420.1
-9) -9750.2
-8) -81680.5
-7) -72880.8
-6) -64841.3
-5) -56941.9
-4) -410942.9
-3) -314944.0
-2) -220305.5
-1) -128017.5
0) 01094029.4
1) 134549.3
2) 229327.9
3) 322406.0
4) 415594.2
5) 510252.8
6) 66371.7
7) 74011.1
8) 82440.7
9) 91110.3
10) 10430.1
999) No Pre IW; form II (1972); form B (1986); form A (1990); questions not administered in half sample (1996)441911.9
Missing10263
Total37175100.0
174) Major party salience -- sum of all "likes" and "dislikes" about both parties (VCF0323)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero mentions847922.8
1) 129808.0
2) 235969.7
3) 333859.1
4) 432828.8
5) 528587.7
6) 623016.2
7) 716814.5
8) 813943.7
9) 99742.6
10) 106841.8
11) 114351.2
12) 122880.8
13) 131850.5
14) 14960.3
15) 15570.2
16) 16400.1
17) 17220.1
18) 18110.0
19) 1960.0
20) Twenty mentions20.0
99) No Pre IW; form II (1972); form B (1986); form A (1990); questions not administered in half sample (1996)441911.9
Missing10263
Total37175100.0
175) Relative salience of major parties -- sum of "likes" and "dislikes" about the Democratic party MINUS the sum of "likes" and "dislikes" about the Republican party (VCF0324)
 TOTAL%
-9) -910.0
-8) -840.0
-7) -7150.0
-6) -6350.1
-5) -51230.3
-4) -43821.0
-3) -39492.6
-2) -221195.7
-1) -1454412.2
0) 01407137.9
1) 1546814.7
2) 229968.1
3) 312763.4
4) 45131.4
5) 51920.5
6) 6500.1
7) 7150.0
8) 830.0
999) No Pre IW; form II (1972); form B (1986); form A (1990); questions not administered in half sample (1996)441911.9
Missing10263
Total37175100.0
176) President trait -- intelligent (VCF0338)
 TOTAL%
0) Form B (1986); respondent selected for post administration and no post-interview (2000); respondent not selected for this trait (2002); no Post IW220014.5
1) Extremely well370824.4
2) Quite well643342.3
3) Not too well194012.8
4) Not well at all6864.5
8) Don't know1691.1
9) NA660.4
Missing32236
Total15202100.0
177) President trait -- compassionate (VCF0339)
 TOTAL%
0) Form B (1986)122611.5
1) Extremely well151614.2
2) Quite well424339.8
3) Not too well252323.6
4) Not well at all7897.4
8) Don't know3062.9
9) NA690.6
Missing36766
Total10672100.0
178) President trait -- decent (VCF0340)
 TOTAL%
0) Form B (1986)122618.9
1) Extremely well149523.1
2) Quite well279243.1
3) Not too well5608.7
4) Not well at all1752.7
8) Don't know1652.5
9) NA600.9
Missing40965
Total6473100.0
179) President trait -- inspiring (VCF0341)
 TOTAL%
0) Form B (1986)12268.9
1) Extremely well175412.8
2) Quite well436431.8
3) Not too well409929.9
4) Not well at all168212.3
8) Don't know4333.2
9) NA1461.1
Missing33734
Total13704100.0
180) President trait -- knowledgeable (VCF0342)
 TOTAL%
0) Form B (1986)218410.2
1) Extremely well475522.3
2) Quite well958345.0
3) Not too well317514.9
4) Not well at all10665.0
8) Don't know3711.7
9) NA1760.8
Missing26128
Total21310100.0
181) President trait -- moral (VCF0343)
 TOTAL%
0) Form B (1986)218910.3
1) Extremely well371917.5
2) Quite well752635.3
3) Not too well420519.7
4) Not well at all284813.4
8) Don't know6403.0
9) NA1830.9
Missing26128
Total21310100.0
182) President trait -- provides strong leadership (VCF0344)
 TOTAL%
0) Form B (1986)219910.3
1) Extremely well361917.0
2) Quite well769036.1
3) Not too well518624.3
4) Not well at all21049.9
8) Don't know3461.6
9) NA1660.8
Missing26128
Total21310100.0
183) President trait -- really cares about people like you (VCF0345)
 TOTAL%
0) Form B (1986)220012.0
1) Extremely well209811.5
2) Quite well552430.2
3) Not too well482526.4
4) Not well at all311517.0
8) Don't know4182.3
9) NA980.5
Missing29160
Total18278100.0
184) President affect -- angry (VCF0346)
 TOTAL%
0) Form B (1986); no Post IW; respondent selected for post administration and no Post IW (2000)13536.8
1) Yes, have felt946347.8
2) No, haven't felt (1980, 1982 only: DK)881644.5
8) Don't know (exc. 1980-1984)290.1
9) NA (1984: DK)1380.7
Missing27639
Total19799100.0
185) President affect -- afraid (of him) (VCF0347)
 TOTAL%
0) Form B (1986); no Post IW; respondent selected for post administration and no Post IW (2000)13536.8
1) Yes, have felt503225.4
2) No, haven't felt (1980, 1982 only: DK)1325566.9
8) Don't know (exc. 1980-1984)240.1
9) NA (1984: DK)1350.7
Missing27639
Total19799100.0
186) President affect -- hopeful (VCF0348)
 TOTAL%
0) Form B (1986); no Post IW; respondent selected for post administration and no Post IW (2000)\ L13536.8
1) Yes, have felt1016551.3
2) No, haven't felt (1980, 1982 only: DK)809140.9
8) Don't know (exc. 1980-1984)420.2
9) NA (1984: DK)1480.7
Missing27639
Total19799100.0
187) President affect -- proud (VCF0349)
 TOTAL%
0) Form B (1986); no Post IW; respondent selected for post administration and no Post IW (2000)13536.8
1) Yes, have felt (1980, 1982 only: DK)934347.2
2) No, haven't felt (exc. 1980-1984)890645.0
8) Don't know (1984: DK)380.2
9) NA (1984: DK)1590.8
Missing27639
Total19799100.0
188) Democratic Presidential candidate trait -- intelligent (VCF0350)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well294125.5
2) Quite well651456.6
3) Not too well118010.2
4) Not well at all2442.1
8) Don't know5725.0
9) NA640.6
Missing35923
Total11515100.0
189) Democratic Presidential candidate trait -- compassionate (VCF0351)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well119914.1
2) Quite well458253.9
3) Not too well156318.4
4) Not well at all2993.5
8) Don't know7919.3
9) NA620.7
Missing38942
Total8496100.0
190) Democratic Presidential candidate trait -- decent (VCF0352)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well70016.3
2) Quite well274864.0
3) Not too well3528.2
4) Not well at all831.9
8) Don't know3628.4
9) NA521.2
Missing43141
Total4297100.0
191) Democratic Presidential candidate trait -- inspiring (VCF0353)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well9819.7
2) Quite well360435.6
3) Not too well356435.3
4) Not well at all119111.8
8) Don't know6366.3
9) NA1341.3
Missing37328
Total10110100.0
192) Democratic Presidential candidate trait -- knowledgeable (VCF0354)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well269920.6
2) Quite well736556.1
3) Not too well188114.3
4) Not well at all3852.9
8) Don't know6615.0
9) NA1381.1
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
193) Democratic Presidential candidate trait -- moral (VCF0355)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well196315.0
2) Quite well603546.0
3) Not too well274320.9
4) Not well at all11388.7
8) Don't know11118.5
9) NA1391.1
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
194) Democratic Presidential candidate trait -- provides strong leadership (VCF0356)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well144311.0
2) Quite well504038.4
3) Not too well403230.7
4) Not well at all144911.0
8) Don't know10287.8
9) NA1371.0
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
195) Democratic Presidential candidate trait -- really cares about people like you (VCF0357)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well163614.2
2) Quite well486642.3
3) Not too well285124.8
4) Not well at all11329.8
8) Don't know9578.3
9) NA730.6
Missing35923
Total11515100.0
196) Democratic Presidential candidate affect -- angry (VCF0358)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, have felt465735.5
2) No, haven't felt (1980 only: DK)830063.2
8) Don't know (exc. 1980, 1984)360.3
9) NA (1984 only: DK)1361.0
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
197) Democratic Presidential candidate affect -- afraid (of him) (VCF0359)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, have felt291422.2
2) No, haven't felt (1980 only: DK)1005676.6
8) Don't know (exc. 1980, 1984)290.2
9) NA (1984 only: DK)1301.0
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
198) Democratic Presidential candidate affect -- hopeful (VCF0360)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, have felt635948.4
2) No, haven't felt (1980 only: DK)658050.1
8) Don't know (exc. 1980, 1984)450.3
9) NA (1984 only: DK)1451.1
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
199) Democratic Presidential candidate affect -- proud (VCF0361)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, have felt448434.2
2) No, haven't felt (1980 only: DK)841864.1
8) Don't know (exc. 1980, 1984)560.4
9) NA (1984 only: DK)1711.3
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
200) Republican Presidential candidate trait -- intelligent (VCF0362)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well233223.8
2) Quite well502551.3
3) Not too well157916.1
4) Not well at all5605.7
8) Don't know2622.7
9) NA430.4
Missing37637
Total9801100.0
201) Republican Presidential candidate trait -- compassionate (VCF0363)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well90913.4
2) Quite well292943.2
3) Not too well198929.3
4) Not well at all5448.0
8) Don't know3655.4
9) NA460.7
Missing40656
Total6782100.0
202) Republican Presidential candidate trait -- decent (VCF0364)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well114126.6
2) Quite well233154.2
3) Not too well47611.1
4) Not well at all1172.7
8) Don't know1904.4
9) NA421.0
Missing43141
Total4297100.0
203) Republican Presidential candidate trait -- inspiring (VCF0365)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well105110.4
2) Quite well324332.1
3) Not too well384438.0
4) Not well at all138813.7
8) Don't know4604.5
9) NA1241.2
Missing37328
Total10110100.0
204) Republican Presidential candidate trait -- knowledgeable (VCF0366)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well272820.8
2) Quite well687552.4
3) Not too well225417.2
4) Not well at all7115.4
8) Don't know4323.3
9) NA1291.0
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
205) Republican Presidential candidate trait -- moral (VCF0367)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well306023.3
2) Quite well628347.9
3) Not too well218616.7
4) Not well at all6264.8
8) Don't know8506.5
9) NA1240.9
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
206) Republican Presidential candidate trait -- provides strong leadership (VCF0368)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well218616.7
2) Quite well544041.4
3) Not too well357527.2
4) Not well at all12089.2
8) Don't know5934.5
9) NA1271.0
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
207) Republican Presidential candidate trait -- really cares about people like you (VCF0369)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely well118110.3
2) Quite well362131.4
3) Not too well375632.6
4) Not well at all235120.4
8) Don't know5484.8
9) NA580.5
Missing35923
Total11515100.0
208) Republican Presidential candidate affect -- angry (VCF0370)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, have felt496937.8
2) No, haven't felt (1980 only: DK)803361.2
8) Don't know (exc. 1980, 1984)170.1
9) NA (1984 only: DK)1100.8
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
209) Republican Presidential candidate affect -- afraid (VCF0371)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, have felt363727.7
2) No, haven't felt (1980 only: DK)936771.3
8) Don't know (exc. 1980, 1984)200.2
9) NA (1984 only: DK)1050.8
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
210) Republican Presidential candidate affect -- hopeful (VCF0372)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, have felt614146.8
2) No, haven't felt (1980 only: DK)684052.1
8) Don't know (exc. 1980, 1984)290.2
9) NA (1984 only: DK)1190.9
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
211) Republican Presidential candidate affect -- proud (VCF0373)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, have felt573043.6
2) No, haven't felt (1980 only: DK)723755.1
8) Don't know (exc. 1980, 1984)260.2
9) NA (1984 only: DK)1361.0
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
212) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? (1972 and later) (VCF0374)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes1099346.9
5) No1067145.5
8) Don't know16517.0
9) Refused; NA1380.6
Missing23985
Total23453100.0
213) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 1st Full Like) (VCF0375A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total10993978.821,060.87
214) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 1st Collapsed Like) (VCF0375B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party4504.1
12) Party characteristics160414.6
21) Candidate experience, ability80.1
22) Candidate leadership qualities30.0
23) Candidate personal qualities340.3
24) Candidate party connections90.1
31) Government management2752.5
32) Government activity/philosophy176816.1
33) Domestic policies166715.2
34) Foreign policies1371.2
35) Group connections441740.3
40) Miscellaneous4594.2
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
88) Don't know (mention 1 only)510.5
89) Refused; NA (mention 1 only)790.7
Missing36477
Total10961100.0
215) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 1st Full Like) (VCF0375C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total58682,148.022,145.90
216) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 1st Collapsed Like) (VCF0375D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party3666.2
2) Government management1232.1
3) Government activity/philosophy4557.8
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic88915.2
5) Domestic policies, other2824.8
6) Foreign policies991.7
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest140.2
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest209535.7
9) General party attitudes/Responses80413.7
10) Other3375.7
87) Don't know much about party/candidate; not involved in politics2364.0
89) Don't know; refused; NA (mention 1 only)1642.8
Missing41574
Total5864100.0
217) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 2nd Full Like) (VCF0376A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total6333896.20474.17
218) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 2nd Collapsed Like) (VCF0376B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party2804.4
12) Party characteristics5638.9
21) Candidate experience, ability50.1
22) Candidate leadership qualities30.0
23) Candidate personal qualities120.2
24) Candidate party connections40.1
31) Government management2013.2
32) Government activity/philosophy89314.1
33) Domestic policies194430.7
34) Foreign policies2083.3
35) Group connections196231.0
40) Miscellaneous2504.0
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing41113
Total6325100.0
219) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Full Like) (VCF0376C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total31661,558.22615.43
220) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Collapsed Like) (VCF0376D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party1946.2
2) Government management842.7
3) Government activity/philosophy2628.3
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic80425.5
5) Domestic policies, other2568.1
6) Foreign policies1023.2
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest321.0
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest92929.5
9) General party attitudes/Responses3019.5
10) Other1886.0
Missing44286
Total3152100.0
221) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 3rd Full Like) (VCF0377A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3093881.88418.31
222) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 3rd Collapsed Like) (VCF0377B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party1635.3
12) Party characteristics2197.1
21) Candidate experience, ability00.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities10.0
23) Candidate personal qualities50.2
24) Candidate party connections10.0
31) Government management1103.6
32) Government activity/philosophy39112.6
33) Domestic policies126841.0
34) Foreign policies1504.9
35) Group connections68422.1
40) Miscellaneous993.2
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing44347
Total3091100.0
223) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Full Like) (VCF0377C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total15151,546.79631.14
224) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Collapsed Like) (VCF0377D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party1238.2
2) Government management372.5
3) Government activity/philosophy1137.5
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic39526.2
5) Domestic policies, other1328.8
6) Foreign policies865.7
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest140.9
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest32721.7
9) General party attitudes/Responses16410.9
10) Other1177.8
Missing45930
Total1508100.0
225) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 4th Full Like) (VCF0378A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1316902.33373.70
226) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 4th Collapsed Like) (VCF0378B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party524.0
12) Party characteristics715.4
21) Candidate experience, ability00.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities00.0
23) Candidate personal qualities20.2
24) Candidate party connections00.0
31) Government management403.0
32) Government activity/philosophy17713.5
33) Domestic policies60445.9
34) Foreign policies765.8
35) Group connections25619.5
40) Miscellaneous372.8
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing46123
Total1315100.0
227) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 4th Full Like) (VCF0378C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total6431,478.64269.41
228) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 4th Collapsed Like) (VCF0378D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party6910.7
2) Government management193.0
3) Government activity/philosophy599.2
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic16926.3
5) Domestic policies, other589.0
6) Foreign policies294.5
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest71.1
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest11417.7
9) General party attitudes/Responses7712.0
10) Other426.5
Missing46795
Total643100.0
229) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 5th Full Like) (VCF0379A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total589903.08457.95
230) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 5th Collapsed Like) (VCF0379B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party274.6
12) Party characteristics376.3
21) Candidate experience, ability00.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities00.0
23) Candidate personal qualities20.3
24) Candidate party connections00.0
31) Government management111.9
32) Government activity/philosophy7813.2
33) Domestic policies26845.5
34) Foreign policies457.6
35) Group connections11018.7
40) Miscellaneous111.9
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing46849
Total589100.0
231) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 5th Full Like) (VCF0379C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2321,501.25287.64
232) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 5th Collapsed Like) (VCF0379D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party2711.6
2) Government management104.3
3) Government activity/philosophy198.2
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic4218.1
5) Domestic policies, other229.5
6) Foreign policies198.2
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest31.3
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest2912.5
9) General party attitudes/Responses3715.9
10) Other2410.3
Missing47206
Total232100.0
233) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? (VCF0380)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes940640.1
5) No1269154.1
8) Don't know12325.3
9) Refused; NA1240.5
Missing23985
Total23453100.0
234) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 1st Full Dislike) (VCF0381A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total9406744.14875.11
235) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 1st Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0381B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party6657.1
12) Party characteristics160117.0
21) Candidate experience, ability40.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities180.2
23) Candidate personal qualities250.3
24) Candidate party connections320.3
31) Government management159116.9
32) Government activity/philosophy234925.0
33) Domestic policies168517.9
34) Foreign policies5365.7
35) Group connections5185.5
40) Miscellaneous3023.2
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
88) Don't know330.4
89) Refused; NA360.4
Missing38043
Total9395100.0
236) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 1st Full Dislike) (VCF0381C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total44742,739.351,521.57
237) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 1st Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0381D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party48010.7
2) Government management81118.2
3) Government activity/philosophy60013.4
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic2786.2
5) Domestic policies, other2986.7
6) Foreign policies59713.4
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest1593.6
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest501.1
9) General party attitudes/Responses69915.6
10) Other3207.2
87) Don't know much about party/candidate; not involved in politics431.0
89) Don't know; refused; NA (mention 1 only)1333.0
Missing42970
Total4468100.0
238) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 2nd Full Dislike) (VCF0382A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total4967757.06384.92
239) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 2nd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0382B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party2575.2
12) Party characteristics51410.4
21) Candidate experience, ability70.1
22) Candidate leadership qualities180.4
23) Candidate personal qualities200.4
24) Candidate party connections70.1
31) Government management79616.0
32) Government activity/philosophy105121.2
33) Domestic policies141228.4
34) Foreign policies3346.7
35) Group connections3637.3
40) Miscellaneous1863.7
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing42473
Total4965100.0
240) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Full Dislike) (VCF0382C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total21772,453.20538.91
241) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0382D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party22110.2
2) Government management35016.1
3) Government activity/philosophy32414.9
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic23410.8
5) Domestic policies, other1657.6
6) Foreign policies31014.3
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest874.0
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest602.8
9) General party attitudes/Responses27212.5
10) Other1466.7
Missing45269
Total2169100.0
242) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 3rd Full Dislike) (VCF0383A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2275791.29475.91
243) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 3rd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0383B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party1335.9
12) Party characteristics2139.4
21) Candidate experience, ability10.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities50.2
23) Candidate personal qualities60.3
24) Candidate party connections80.4
31) Government management26911.8
32) Government activity/philosophy43719.2
33) Domestic policies76933.8
34) Foreign policies1727.6
35) Group connections1797.9
40) Miscellaneous813.6
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing45165
Total2273100.0
244) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Full Dislike) (VCF0383C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total10402,464.05676.66
245) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0383D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party10410.1
2) Government management17216.7
3) Government activity/philosophy13312.9
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic13613.2
5) Domestic policies, other1019.8
6) Foreign policies15314.8
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest393.8
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest252.4
9) General party attitudes/Responses11210.8
10) Other585.6
Missing46405
Total1033100.0
246) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 4th Full Dislike) (VCF0384A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total965793.33339.03
247) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 4th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0384B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party676.9
12) Party characteristics767.9
21) Candidate experience, ability00.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities30.3
23) Candidate personal qualities20.2
24) Candidate party connections10.1
31) Government management10611.0
32) Government activity/philosophy17718.3
33) Domestic policies34035.2
34) Foreign policies879.0
35) Group connections818.4
40) Miscellaneous252.6
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing46473
Total965100.0
248) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 4th Full Dislike) (VCF0384C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total4902,517.97808.98
249) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 4th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0384D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party459.3
2) Government management7014.4
3) Government activity/philosophy5611.5
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic6914.2
5) Domestic policies, other428.7
6) Foreign policies8216.9
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest153.1
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest91.9
9) General party attitudes/Responses6012.4
10) Other377.6
Missing46953
Total485100.0
250) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 5th Full Dislike) (VCF0385A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total402877.25648.72
251) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 5th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0385B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party205.0
12) Party characteristics256.2
21) Candidate experience, ability00.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities00.0
23) Candidate personal qualities10.2
24) Candidate party connections20.5
31) Government management4010.0
32) Government activity/philosophy5914.7
33) Domestic policies15739.1
34) Foreign policies4511.2
35) Group connections369.0
40) Miscellaneous174.2
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing47036
Total402100.0
252) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 5th Full Dislike) (VCF0385C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2252,401.69276.61
253) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Democratic Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 5th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0385D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party3013.3
2) Government management3816.9
3) Government activity/philosophy229.8
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic2611.6
5) Domestic policies, other2310.2
6) Foreign policies3716.4
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest125.3
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest73.1
9) General party attitudes/Responses156.7
10) Other156.7
Missing47213
Total225100.0
254) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? (VCF0386)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes893438.1
5) No1313156.0
8) Don't know12565.4
9) Refused; NA1320.6
Missing23985
Total23453100.0
255) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 1st Full Like) (VCF0387A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total8934878.541,178.42
256) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 1st Collapsed Like) (VCF0387B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party7428.3
12) Party characteristics100411.3
21) Candidate experience, ability250.3
22) Candidate leadership qualities50.1
23) Candidate personal qualities290.3
24) Candidate party connections110.1
31) Government management99911.2
32) Government activity/philosophy234026.3
33) Domestic policies178420.0
34) Foreign policies8509.5
35) Group connections5486.1
40) Miscellaneous4314.8
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
88) Don't know410.5
89) Refused; NA1021.1
Missing38527
Total8911100.0
257) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 1st Full Like) (VCF0387C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total46613,978.791,894.52
258) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 1st Collapsed Like) (VCF0387D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party85518.4
2) Government management57312.3
3) Government activity/philosophy72215.5
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic3076.6
5) Domestic policies, other1753.8
6) Foreign policies50110.8
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest230.5
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest1683.6
9) General party attitudes/Responses54011.6
10) Other3858.3
87) Don't know much about party/candidate; not involved in politics2104.5
89) Don't know; refused; NA (mention 1 only)1944.2
Missing42785
Total4653100.0
259) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 2nd Full Like) (VCF0388A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total4962811.15402.85
260) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 2nd Collapsed Like) (VCF0388B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party2655.3
12) Party characteristics3126.3
21) Candidate experience, ability110.2
22) Candidate leadership qualities120.2
23) Candidate personal qualities170.3
24) Candidate party connections40.1
31) Government management63112.7
32) Government activity/philosophy98219.8
33) Domestic policies153731.0
34) Foreign policies66013.3
35) Group connections3066.2
40) Miscellaneous2214.5
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing42480
Total4958100.0
261) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Full Like) (VCF0388C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total21623,467.31549.40
262) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Collapsed Like) (VCF0388D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party22710.6
2) Government management35016.3
3) Government activity/philosophy29913.9
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic24111.2
5) Domestic policies, other1185.5
6) Foreign policies33615.6
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest261.2
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest1205.6
9) General party attitudes/Responses21710.1
10) Other21710.1
Missing45287
Total2151100.0
263) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 3rd Full Like) (VCF0389A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2350833.73380.36
264) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 3rd Collapsed Like) (VCF0389B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party1114.7
12) Party characteristics1315.6
21) Candidate experience, ability60.3
22) Candidate leadership qualities40.2
23) Candidate personal qualities90.4
24) Candidate party connections10.0
31) Government management2309.8
32) Government activity/philosophy43918.7
33) Domestic policies85436.4
34) Foreign policies35515.1
35) Group connections1175.0
40) Miscellaneous913.9
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing45090
Total2348100.0
265) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Full Like) (VCF0389C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total10003,466.00505.83
266) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Collapsed Like) (VCF0389D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party11111.1
2) Government management14614.7
3) Government activity/philosophy11011.0
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic13413.5
5) Domestic policies, other717.1
6) Foreign policies15015.1
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest161.6
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest464.6
9) General party attitudes/Responses10310.3
10) Other10910.9
Missing46442
Total996100.0
267) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 4th Full Like) (VCF0390A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total960851.37296.26
268) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 4th Collapsed Like) (VCF0390B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party474.9
12) Party characteristics444.6
21) Candidate experience, ability00.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities00.0
23) Candidate personal qualities40.4
24) Candidate party connections00.0
31) Government management848.8
32) Government activity/philosophy15916.6
33) Domestic policies39140.7
34) Foreign policies15115.7
35) Group connections555.7
40) Miscellaneous252.6
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing46478
Total960100.0
269) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 4th Full Like) (VCF0390C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total4293,487.11526.30
270) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 4th Collapsed Like) (VCF0390D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party348.0
2) Government management5512.9
3) Government activity/philosophy5713.3
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic5512.9
5) Domestic policies, other348.0
6) Foreign policies7016.4
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest92.1
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest255.9
9) General party attitudes/Responses378.7
10) Other5111.9
Missing47011
Total427100.0
271) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 5th Full Like) (VCF0391A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total405861.75275.64
272) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 5th Collapsed Like) (VCF0391B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party174.2
12) Party characteristics143.5
21) Candidate experience, ability00.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities00.0
23) Candidate personal qualities10.2
24) Candidate party connections00.0
31) Government management4210.4
32) Government activity/philosophy6315.6
33) Domestic policies17743.7
34) Foreign policies6516.0
35) Group connections174.2
40) Miscellaneous92.2
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing47033
Total405100.0
273) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 5th Full Like) (VCF0391C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1683,478.11306.65
274) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 5th Collapsed Like) (VCF0391D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party169.5
2) Government management2313.7
3) Government activity/philosophy2112.5
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic137.7
5) Domestic policies, other95.4
6) Foreign policies3319.6
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest31.8
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest31.8
9) General party attitudes/Responses1911.3
10) Other2816.7
Missing47270
Total168100.0
275) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? (VCF0392)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes1049844.8
5) No1167649.8
8) Don't know11384.9
9) Refused; NA1410.6
Missing23985
Total23453100.0
276) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 1st Full Dislike) (VCF0393A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total10498914.22855.40
277) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 1st Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0393B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party5685.4
12) Party characteristics135112.9
21) Candidate experience, ability70.1
22) Candidate leadership qualities230.2
23) Candidate personal qualities230.2
24) Candidate party connections360.3
31) Government management7337.0
32) Government activity/philosophy136313.0
33) Domestic policies174716.7
34) Foreign policies5365.1
35) Group connections361334.5
40) Miscellaneous4073.9
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
88) Don't know (mention 1 only)280.3
89) Refused; NA (mention 1 only)520.5
Missing36951
Total10487100.0
278) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 1st Full Dislike) (VCF0393C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total47914,768.671,201.19
279) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 1st Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0393D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party49010.3
2) Government management1994.2
3) Government activity/philosophy4519.4
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic63913.4
5) Domestic policies, other3176.6
6) Foreign policies2144.5
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest95119.9
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest4188.8
9) General party attitudes/Responses59912.5
10) Other2835.9
87) Don't know much about party/candidate; not involved in politics571.2
89) Don't know; refused; NA (mention 1 only)1563.3
Missing42664
Total4774100.0
280) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 2nd Full Dislike) (VCF0394A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total5861889.85421.83
281) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 2nd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0394B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party2894.9
12) Party characteristics4668.0
21) Candidate experience, ability20.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities80.1
23) Candidate personal qualities180.3
24) Candidate party connections150.3
31) Government management3135.3
32) Government activity/philosophy74112.6
33) Domestic policies168028.7
34) Foreign policies4247.2
35) Group connections166528.4
40) Miscellaneous2394.1
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing41578
Total5860100.0
282) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Full Dislike) (VCF0394C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total22814,544.13440.59
283) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0394D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party1918.4
2) Government management1054.6
3) Government activity/philosophy1426.3
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic38517.0
5) Domestic policies, other1637.2
6) Foreign policies1637.2
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest32314.2
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest47120.7
9) General party attitudes/Responses22810.0
10) Other1004.4
Missing45167
Total2271100.0
284) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 3rd Full Dislike) (VCF0395A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2848881.07438.55
285) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 3rd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0395B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party1505.3
12) Party characteristics2368.3
21) Candidate experience, ability00.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities10.0
23) Candidate personal qualities60.2
24) Candidate party connections80.3
31) Government management1635.7
32) Government activity/philosophy33011.6
33) Domestic policies89031.3
34) Foreign policies2589.1
35) Group connections69824.5
40) Miscellaneous1083.8
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing44590
Total2848100.0
286) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Full Dislike) (VCF0395C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total9624,527.04435.56
287) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0395D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party869.0
2) Government management424.4
3) Government activity/philosophy565.8
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic20521.4
5) Domestic policies, other879.1
6) Foreign policies596.2
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest9810.2
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest18919.7
9) General party attitudes/Responses959.9
10) Other414.3
Missing46480
Total958100.0
288) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 4th Full Dislike) (VCF0396A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1212884.22409.66
289) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 4th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0396B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party625.1
12) Party characteristics857.0
21) Candidate experience, ability20.2
22) Candidate leadership qualities20.2
23) Candidate personal qualities30.2
24) Candidate party connections40.3
31) Government management645.3
32) Government activity/philosophy13911.5
33) Domestic policies43335.7
34) Foreign policies12410.2
35) Group connections25320.9
40) Miscellaneous413.4
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing46226
Total1212100.0
290) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 4th Full Dislike) (VCF0396C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3984,504.52374.70
291) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Repulican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 4th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0396D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party389.6
2) Government management153.8
3) Government activity/philosophy297.3
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic8822.2
5) Domestic policies, other4310.8
6) Foreign policies287.1
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest4210.6
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest5513.9
9) General party attitudes/Responses4310.8
10) Other164.0
Missing47041
Total397100.0
292) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 5th Full Dislike) (VCF0397A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total559890.55473.77
293) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1972 and later -- 5th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0397B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party274.8
12) Party characteristics397.0
21) Candidate experience, ability10.2
22) Candidate leadership qualities00.0
23) Candidate personal qualities20.4
24) Candidate party connections10.2
31) Government management335.9
32) Government activity/philosophy6712.0
33) Domestic policies21438.3
34) Foreign policies6712.0
35) Group connections9517.0
40) Miscellaneous132.3
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing46879
Total559100.0
294) Is there anything in particular that you don't like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 5th Full Dislike) (VCF0397C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1594,469.60523.73
295) Is there anything in particular that you like about the Republican Party? What is that? (1952-1968 -- 5th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0397D)
 TOTAL%
1) People within party2918.4
2) Government management95.7
3) Government activity/philosophy106.3
4) Domestic policies, welfare and economic2918.4
5) Domestic policies, other2012.7
6) Foreign policies85.1
7) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest74.4
8) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest2616.5
9) General party attitudes/Responses148.9
10) Other63.8
Missing47280
Total158100.0
296) Now I'd like to ask you about the good and bad points of the two candidates for President. Is there anything in particular about [Democratic presidential candidate] that might make you want to vote for him? What is that? (VCF0401)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero positive mentions (likes)1160444.5
1) One positive mention (likes)435816.7
2) Two positive mentions (likes)353813.6
3) Three positive mentions (likes)24129.3
4) Four positive mentions (likes)13395.1
5) Five positive mentions (likes)13075.0
9) No pre-interview; form II (1972; abbrev. interview form (1980)14945.7
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
297) Is there anything in particular about [Democratic presidential candidate] that might make you want to vote against him? What is that? (VCF0402)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero negative mentions (dislikes)1158644.5
1) One negative mention (dislikes)539920.7
2) Two negative mentions (dislikes)369214.2
3) Three negative mentions (dislikes)21098.1
4) Four negative mentions (dislikes)9803.8
5) Five negative mentions (dislikes)7923.0
9) No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)14945.7
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
298) Affect toward Democratic Presidential candidate (number of Democratic presidential candidate "likes" minus the number of Democratic presidential candidate "dislikes") (VCF0403)
 TOTAL%
-5) -55582.1
-4) -47512.9
-3) -315305.9
-2) -224669.5
-1) -1331912.7
0) 0614923.6
1) 1349813.4
2) 2267410.3
3) 318317.0
4) 410434.0
5) 57392.8
99) No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)14945.7
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
299) Salience of Democratic Presidential candidate (number of Democratic presidential candidate "likes" plus the number of Democratic presidential candidate "dislikes") (VCF0404)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero mentions447517.2
1) 1471518.1
2) 2507819.5
3) 3419216.1
4) 4263510.1
5) 521568.3
6) 67222.8
7) 73511.3
8) 81420.5
9) 9610.2
10) Ten mentions310.1
99) No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)14945.7
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
300) Now I'd like to ask you about the good and bad points of the two candidates for President. Is there anything in particular about [Republican presidential candidate] that might make you want to vote for him? What is that? (VCF0405)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero positive mentions (likes)1125343.2
1) One positive mention (likes)418916.1
2) Two positive mentions (likes)371114.2
3) Three positive mentions (likes)261310.0
4) Four positive mentions (likes)13635.2
5) Five positive mentions (likes)14295.5
9) No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)14945.7
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
301) Is there anything in particular about [Republican presidential candidate] that might make you want to vote against him? What is that? (VCF0406)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero negative mentions (dislikes)1095442.0
1) One negative mention (dislikes)546621.0
2) Two negative mentions (dislikes)373014.3
3) Three negative mentions (dislikes)21998.4
4) Four negative mentions (dislikes)10864.2
5) Five negative mentions (dislikes)11234.3
9) No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)14945.7
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
302) Affect toward Republican Presidential candidate (number of Republican presidential candidate "likes" minus the number of Republican presidential candidate "dislikes") (VCF0407)
 TOTAL%
-5) -57853.0
-4) -48113.1
-3) -315646.0
-2) -224629.5
-1) -1335012.9
0) 0590322.7
1) 1322712.4
2) 2268410.3
3) 318617.1
4) 410334.0
5) 58783.4
99) No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)14945.7
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
303) Salience of Republican Presidential candidate (number of Republican presidential candidate "likes" plus the number of Republican presidential candidate "dislikes") (VCF0408)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero mentions408215.7
1) 1429916.5
2) 2495219.0
3) 3423816.3
4) 4285911.0
5) 5265710.2
6) 68063.1
7) 74011.5
8) 81610.6
9) 9700.3
10) Ten mentions330.1
99) No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)14945.7
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
304) Net affect toward major party pres. candidates (difference between two sums: the sum of Democratic pres. candidate "likes" and Republican pres. candidate "dislikes" MINUS the sum of Democratic pres. candidate "dislikes" and Republican pres. candidate "likes") (VCF0409)
 TOTAL%
-10) -101320.5
-9) -92160.8
-8) -83321.3
-7) -75742.2
-6) -67863.0
-5) -511144.3
-4) -414695.6
-3) -316486.3
-2) -219787.6
-1) -120347.8
0) 0372414.3
1) 121788.4
2) 219957.7
3) 317256.6
4) 414265.5
5) 510694.1
6) 68423.2
7) 75452.1
8) 83431.3
9) 92430.9
10) 101850.7
999) No pre-interview; form II (1972)14945.7
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
305) Major party presidential candidate salience (sum of all "likes" and "dislikes" about both the Democratic and Republican presidential candidates) (VCF0410)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero mentions22208.5
1) 117866.9
2) 224819.5
3) 3275610.6
4) 4297311.4
5) 5281010.8
6) 624929.6
7) 720417.8
8) 815796.1
9) 911454.4
10) 109493.6
11) 115302.0
12) 123321.3
13) 131740.7
14) 141330.5
15) 15740.3
16) 16380.1
17) 17240.1
18) 18110.0
19) 1960.0
20) Twenty mentions40.0
99) No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)14945.7
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
306) Major party relative salience of Presidential candidates (sum of "likes" and "dislikes" about the Democratic presidential candidate MINUS the sum of "likes" and "dislikes" about the Republican presidential candidate) (VCF0411)
 TOTAL%
-9) -930.0
-8) -840.0
-7) -7150.1
-6) -6490.2
-5) -52390.9
-4) -46012.3
-3) -314145.4
-2) -2285811.0
-1) -1445017.1
0) 0694426.7
1) 1402915.5
2) 222688.7
3) 310494.0
4) 44591.8
5) 51350.5
6) 6260.1
7) 7120.0
8) 830.0
999) No pre-interview; form II (1972); abbrev. interview form (1980)14945.7
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
307) Thermometers -- both Major party Presidential candidates (VCF0412)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1963959.7116.86
308) Major party Presidential candidate thermometer index (VCF0413)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1963996.09206.83
309) Thermometer -- Both Major Party Vice-Presidential Candidates (VCF0414)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1963963.5622.68
310) Major party Vice-Presidential candidate thermometer index (VCF0415)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total19639264.44395.04
311) Democratic Presidential candidate -- feeling thermometer (VCF0424)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1963958.3527.58
312) Democratic Vice-Presidential candidate thermometer (VCF0425)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1963963.2126.77
313) Republican Presidential candidate thermometer (VCF0426)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1963960.0727.11
314) Republican Vice-Presidential candidate thermometer (VCF0427)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1963958.3827.66
315) President thermometer (VCF0428)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3518660.5527.64
316) Vice-President thermometer (VCF0429)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3518657.0026.62
317) Hubert Humphrey -- thermometer (VCF0432)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total959257.5127.22
318) Ted Kennedy -- thermometer (VCF0433)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1766856.7230.10
319) Eugene McCarthy -- thermometer (VCF0434)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total531259.7828.84
320) George McGovern -- thermometer (VCF0435)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1033156.2028.85
321) Walter Mondale -- thermometer (VCF0436)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1141663.7825.56
322) Edmund Muskie -- thermometer (VCF0437)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total576962.7227.25
323) George Bush Sr. -- thermometer (VCF0438)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1577760.3225.16
324) George Wallace -- thermometer (VCF0439)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1351048.0231.78
325) Spiro Agnew -- thermometer (VCF0440)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total576956.0628.89
326) Gerald Ford -- thermometer (VCF0441)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total999861.8023.07
327) Richard Nixon -- thermometer (VCF0442)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1718547.6632.44
328) (2004: And finally, in retrospect,) Ronald Reagan -- thermometer (VCF0443)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2031360.2828.16
329) Nelson Rockefeller -- thermometer (VCF0444)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total538056.0326.16
330) Robert Dole -- thermometer (VCF0445)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1223064.2226.30
331) Jimmy Carter -- thermometer (VCF0446)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1188160.0426.02
332) Bill Clinton -- thermometer (VCF0447)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1180555.6928.94
333) Al Gore -- thermometer (VCF0448)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1059357.6525.85
334) Ross Perot -- thermometer (VCF0449)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total599445.2727.78
335) Do you approve or disapprove of the way that [the president] is handling his job as President? (VCF0450)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; form II (1972)18435.7
1) Approve1724253.7
2) Disapprove1138535.4
8) Don't know16525.1
Missing15316
Total32122100.0
336) Do you approve or disapprove of the way that [the president] is handling his job as President? Do you (approve/disapprove) {of the president's performance} strongly or not strongly? (VCF0451)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; form II (1972)11214.8
1) Approve strongly685129.5
2) Approve, not strongly616226.5
3) Disapprove, not strongly324113.9
4) Disapprove, strongly584125.1
8) Don't know460.2
Missing24176
Total23262100.0
337) Hillary Clinton -- thermometer (VCF0471)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1180553.8329.40
338) Pat Buchanan -- thermometer (VCF0472)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total728752.4029.60
339) Dan Quayle -- thermometer (VCF0473)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total958150.0428.09
340) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? (VCF0475)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes863051.5
5) No763245.6
8) Don't know3952.4
9) NA920.5
Missing30689
Total16749100.0
341) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 1st Full Like) (VCF0476A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total8630759.33901.20
342) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 1st Collapsed Like) (VCF0476B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party220.3
12) Party characteristics80.1
21) Candidate experience, ability8399.7
22) Candidate leadership qualities2432.8
23) Candidate personal qualities220725.6
24) Candidate party connections97411.3
31) Government management2953.4
32) Government activity/philosophy5306.2
33) Domestic policies161118.7
34) Foreign policies4134.8
35) Group connections8349.7
40) Miscellaneous5706.6
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
88) Don't know (mention 1 only)180.2
89) RF; NA (mention 1 only)510.6
Missing38823
Total8615100.0
343) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 1st Full Like) (VCF0476C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total47105,643.031,031.23
344) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 1st Collapsed Like) (VCF0476D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities109323.2
22) Character and background90319.2
23) Personal attraction4389.3
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign1152.4
25) Stand on domestic policies3317.0
26) Stand on foreign affairs1202.5
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest2816.0
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest40.1
29) Candidate as party representative80817.2
30) Other3938.3
87) Don't know much about party/candidate; not involved in politics1162.5
89) DK; RF; NA (mention 1 only)1082.3
Missing42728
Total4710100.0
345) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 2nd Full Like) (VCF0477A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total5772735.62336.03
346) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 2nd Collapsed Like) (VCF0477B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party90.2
12) Party characteristics50.1
21) Candidate experience, ability4327.5
22) Candidate leadership qualities2334.0
23) Candidate personal qualities118720.6
24) Candidate party connections3385.9
31) Government management2905.0
32) Government activity/philosophy4788.3
33) Domestic policies147525.6
34) Foreign policies3446.0
35) Group connections65011.3
40) Miscellaneous3315.7
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing41666
Total5772100.0
347) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Full Like) (VCF0477C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total28635,392.07401.48
348) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Collapsed Like) (VCF0477D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities67123.5
22) Character and background69124.2
23) Personal attraction31010.9
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign1043.6
25) Stand on domestic policies30410.6
26) Stand on foreign affairs1043.6
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest2538.9
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest00.0
29) Candidate as party representative2619.1
30) Other1575.5
Missing44583
Total2855100.0
349) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 3rd Full Like) (VCF0478A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3410753.64336.40
350) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 3rd Collapsed Like) (VCF0478B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party40.1
12) Party characteristics00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability2316.8
22) Candidate leadership qualities962.8
23) Candidate personal qualities63818.7
24) Candidate party connections1995.8
31) Government management2296.7
32) Government activity/philosophy2637.7
33) Domestic policies100229.4
34) Foreign policies2366.9
35) Group connections3299.7
40) Miscellaneous1825.3
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing44029
Total3409100.0
351) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Full Like) (VCF0478C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total16645,406.47331.08
352) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Collapsed Like) (VCF0478D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities31118.7
22) Character and background42625.6
23) Personal attraction1579.4
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign653.9
25) Stand on domestic policies21112.7
26) Stand on foreign affairs905.4
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest1649.9
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest10.1
29) Candidate as party representative1428.5
30) Other965.8
Missing45775
Total1663100.0
353) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 4th Full Like) (VCF0479A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1748749.79365.16
354) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 4th Collapsed Like) (VCF0479B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party50.3
12) Party characteristics20.1
21) Candidate experience, ability1297.4
22) Candidate leadership qualities512.9
23) Candidate personal qualities31317.9
24) Candidate party connections1066.1
31) Government management1267.2
32) Government activity/philosophy1418.1
33) Domestic policies52730.1
34) Foreign policies1247.1
35) Group connections1528.7
40) Miscellaneous724.1
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing45690
Total1748100.0
355) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 4th Full Like) (VCF0479C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total8705,418.74367.90
356) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 4th Collapsed Like) (VCF0479D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities16719.2
22) Character and background20223.2
23) Personal attraction819.3
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign313.6
25) Stand on domestic policies10812.4
26) Stand on foreign affairs637.2
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest799.1
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest10.1
29) Candidate as party representative859.8
30) Other526.0
Missing46569
Total869100.0
357) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 5th Full Like) (VCF0480A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total896754.71297.21
358) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 5th Collapsed Like) (VCF0480B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party20.2
12) Party characteristics00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability495.5
22) Candidate leadership qualities262.9
23) Candidate personal qualities15917.7
24) Candidate party connections566.3
31) Government management707.8
32) Government activity/philosophy889.8
33) Domestic policies27030.1
34) Foreign policies626.9
35) Group connections748.3
40) Miscellaneous404.5
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing46542
Total896100.0
359) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 5th Full Like) (VCF0480C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total4045,386.45290.39
360) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 5th Collapsed Like) (VCF0480D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities9022.3
22) Character and background8821.8
23) Personal attraction409.9
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign143.5
25) Stand on domestic policies5613.9
26) Stand on foreign affairs266.4
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest307.4
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest00.0
29) Candidate as party representative409.9
30) Other205.0
Missing47034
Total404100.0
361) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? (VCF0481)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes922655.1
5) No715042.7
8) DK2871.7
9) NA860.5
Missing30689
Total16749100.0
362) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 1st Full Dislike) (VCF0482A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total9226683.37879.49
363) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 1st Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0482B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party220.2
12) Party characteristics130.1
21) Candidate experience, ability122513.3
22) Candidate leadership qualities121913.2
23) Candidate personal qualities191120.8
24) Candidate party connections8969.7
31) Government management2412.6
32) Government activity/philosophy6727.3
33) Domestic policies172518.7
34) Foreign policies6757.3
35) Group connections1421.5
40) Miscellaneous3974.3
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
88) DK (mention 1 only)200.2
89) RF; NA (mention 1 only)430.5
Missing38237
Total9201100.0
364) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 1st Full Dislike) (VCF0482C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total40076,630.08735.68
365) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 1st Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0482D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities3609.0
22) Character and background102725.6
23) Personal attraction43810.9
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign1604.0
25) Stand on domestic policies3087.7
26) Stand on foreign affairs1834.6
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest150.4
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest180.4
29) Candidate as party representative78419.6
30) Other56714.2
87) Don't know much about party/candidate; not involved in politics481.2
89) DK; RF; NA (mention 1 only)992.5
Missing43431
Total4007100.0
366) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 2nd Full Dislike) (VCF0483A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total5606650.96335.78
367) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 2nd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0483B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party100.2
12) Party characteristics110.2
21) Candidate experience, ability63911.4
22) Candidate leadership qualities60610.8
23) Candidate personal qualities101018.0
24) Candidate party connections4838.6
31) Government management2394.3
32) Government activity/philosophy4498.0
33) Domestic policies113620.3
34) Foreign policies56410.1
35) Group connections1252.2
40) Miscellaneous3335.9
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing41833
Total5605100.0
368) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Full Dislike) (VCF0483C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total19946,463.04356.00
369) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0483D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities1889.4
22) Character and background61330.8
23) Personal attraction23111.6
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign934.7
25) Stand on domestic policies1698.5
26) Stand on foreign affairs1447.2
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest160.8
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest211.1
29) Candidate as party representative33316.7
30) Other1839.2
Missing45447
Total1991100.0
370) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 3rd Full Dislike) (VCF0484A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2983665.90316.86
371) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 3rd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0484B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party80.3
12) Party characteristics20.1
21) Candidate experience, ability33011.1
22) Candidate leadership qualities2919.8
23) Candidate personal qualities50416.9
24) Candidate party connections2337.8
31) Government management1444.8
32) Government activity/philosophy2317.7
33) Domestic policies65321.9
34) Foreign policies29810.0
35) Group connections883.0
40) Miscellaneous2016.7
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing44455
Total2983100.0
372) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Full Dislike) (VCF0484C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total9106,442.10313.64
373) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0484D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities829.0
22) Character and background28631.5
23) Personal attraction10511.6
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign495.4
25) Stand on domestic policies9710.7
26) Stand on foreign affairs758.3
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest151.7
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest70.8
29) Candidate as party representative10912.0
30) Other849.2
Missing46529
Total909100.0
374) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 4th Full Dislike) (VCF0485A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1306678.04385.23
375) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 4th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0485B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party40.3
12) Party characteristics10.1
21) Candidate experience, ability14110.8
22) Candidate leadership qualities1158.8
23) Candidate personal qualities21016.1
24) Candidate party connections1017.7
31) Government management846.4
32) Government activity/philosophy977.4
33) Domestic policies29922.9
34) Foreign policies1299.9
35) Group connections372.8
40) Miscellaneous876.7
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing46133
Total1305100.0
376) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 4th Full Dislike) (VCF0485C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3866,476.23340.59
377) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 4th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0485D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities307.8
22) Character and background10126.2
23) Personal attraction4712.2
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign246.2
25) Stand on domestic policies4210.9
26) Stand on foreign affairs328.3
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest92.3
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest102.6
29) Candidate as party representative5213.5
30) Other3910.1
Missing47052
Total386100.0
378) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 5th Full Dislike) (VCF0486A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total610703.24303.33
379) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 5th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0486B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party10.2
12) Party characteristics00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability559.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities376.1
23) Candidate personal qualities8714.3
24) Candidate party connections589.5
31) Government management416.7
32) Government activity/philosophy6410.5
33) Domestic policies14824.3
34) Foreign policies579.3
35) Group connections233.8
40) Miscellaneous396.4
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing46828
Total610100.0
380) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 5th Full Dislike) (VCF0486C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1516,451.69280.84
381) Is there anything in particular about {DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 5th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0486D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities96.0
22) Character and background4529.8
23) Personal attraction2013.2
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign85.3
25) Stand on domestic policies159.9
26) Stand on foreign affairs1811.9
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest21.3
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest00.0
29) Candidate as party representative2113.9
30) Other138.6
Missing47287
Total151100.0
382) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? (VCF0487)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes864251.6
5) No769946.0
8) DK3241.9
9) NA840.5
Missing30689
Total16749100.0
383) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 1st Full Like) (VCF0488A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total8642669.60829.57
384) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 1st Collapsed Like) (VCF0488B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party150.2
12) Party characteristics80.1
21) Candidate experience, ability207424.1
22) Candidate leadership qualities4365.1
23) Candidate personal qualities175620.4
24) Candidate party connections4775.5
31) Government management2983.5
32) Government activity/philosophy4465.2
33) Domestic policies144716.8
34) Foreign policies97711.3
35) Group connections1441.7
40) Miscellaneous4965.8
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
88) DK (mention 1 only)150.2
89) RF; NA (mention 1 only)300.3
Missing38819
Total8619100.0
385) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 1st Full Like) (VCF0488C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total48747,381.70476.14
386) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 1st Collapsed Like) (VCF0488D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities147230.2
22) Character and background110222.6
23) Personal attraction53711.0
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign1533.1
25) Stand on domestic policies2855.8
26) Stand on foreign affairs53811.0
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest821.7
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest10.0
29) Candidate as party representative2775.7
30) Other3326.8
87) Don't know much about party/candidate; not involved in politics240.5
89) DK ;RF; NA (mention 1 only)711.5
Missing42564
Total4874100.0
387) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 2nd Full Like) (VCF0489A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total5832671.72383.13
388) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 2nd Collapsed Like) (VCF0489B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party110.2
12) Party characteristics40.1
21) Candidate experience, ability98116.8
22) Candidate leadership qualities2925.0
23) Candidate personal qualities108218.6
24) Candidate party connections2103.6
31) Government management3586.1
32) Government activity/philosophy3676.3
33) Domestic policies122020.9
34) Foreign policies84914.6
35) Group connections931.6
40) Miscellaneous3646.2
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing41607
Total5831100.0
389) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Full Like) (VCF0489C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total33017,349.85322.63
390) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Collapsed Like) (VCF0489D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities78123.7
22) Character and background95429.0
23) Personal attraction32810.0
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign1103.3
25) Stand on domestic policies2628.0
26) Stand on foreign affairs46314.1
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest812.5
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest00.0
29) Candidate as party representative1624.9
30) Other1544.7
Missing44143
Total3295100.0
391) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 3rd Full Like) (VCF0490A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3292692.88323.68
392) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 3rd Collapsed Like) (VCF0490B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party40.1
12) Party characteristics00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability41512.6
22) Candidate leadership qualities1745.3
23) Candidate personal qualities61118.6
24) Candidate party connections1283.9
31) Government management2457.4
32) Government activity/philosophy2256.8
33) Domestic policies74622.7
34) Foreign policies48014.6
35) Group connections692.1
40) Miscellaneous1955.9
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing44146
Total3292100.0
393) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Full Like) (VCF0490C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total21207,367.96307.76
394) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Collapsed Like) (VCF0490D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities43920.8
22) Character and background61028.8
23) Personal attraction2099.9
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign602.8
25) Stand on domestic policies1979.3
26) Stand on foreign affairs31214.8
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest633.0
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest10.0
29) Candidate as party representative1245.9
30) Other1004.7
Missing45323
Total2115100.0
395) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 4th Full Like) (VCF0491A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1501691.63319.60
396) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 4th Collapsed Like) (VCF0491B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party30.2
12) Party characteristics00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability19813.2
22) Candidate leadership qualities744.9
23) Candidate personal qualities25617.1
24) Candidate party connections654.3
31) Government management1067.1
32) Government activity/philosophy1328.8
33) Domestic policies35023.3
34) Foreign policies19613.1
35) Group connections342.3
40) Miscellaneous875.8
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing45937
Total1501100.0
397) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 4th Full Like) (VCF0491C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total12017,372.70283.11
398) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 4th Collapsed Like) (VCF0491D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities24120.1
22) Character and background32427.0
23) Personal attraction12410.3
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign332.7
25) Stand on domestic policies1179.7
26) Stand on foreign affairs19916.6
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest312.6
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest20.2
29) Candidate as party representative625.2
30) Other685.7
Missing46237
Total1201100.0
399) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 5th Full Like) (VCF0492A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total765677.63308.85
400) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and after -- 5th Collapsed Like) (VCF0492B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party10.1
12) Party characteristics00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability10013.1
22) Candidate leadership qualities415.4
23) Candidate personal qualities13417.5
24) Candidate party connections344.4
31) Government management577.5
32) Government activity/philosophy709.2
33) Domestic policies18924.7
34) Foreign policies7810.2
35) Group connections141.8
40) Miscellaneous476.1
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing46673
Total765100.0
401) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 5th Full Like) (VCF0492C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total6267,390.59288.29
402) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote for him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 5th Collapsed Like) (VCF0492D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities11618.5
22) Character and background17027.2
23) Personal attraction497.8
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign254.0
25) Stand on domestic policies6911.0
26) Stand on foreign affairs9214.7
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest223.5
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest00.0
29) Candidate as party representative386.1
30) Other457.2
Missing46812
Total626100.0
403) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? (VCF0493)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes954857.0
5) No685540.9
8) DK2641.6
9) NA820.5
Missing30689
Total16749100.0
404) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 1st Full Dislike) (VCF0494A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total9547786.71861.04
405) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 1st Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0494B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party820.9
12) Party characteristics70.1
21) Candidate experience, ability7938.3
22) Candidate leadership qualities7077.4
23) Candidate personal qualities182019.1
24) Candidate party connections107411.3
31) Government management3103.3
32) Government activity/philosophy3994.2
33) Domestic policies198820.9
34) Foreign policies126713.3
35) Group connections7077.4
40) Miscellaneous3093.2
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
88) DK (mention 1 only)220.2
89) RF; NA (mention 1 only)420.4
Missing37911
Total9527100.0
406) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 1st Full Dislike) (VCF0494C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total42308,509.95394.42
407) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 1st Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0494D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities69416.4
22) Character and background70116.6
23) Personal attraction45810.8
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign00.0
25) Stand on domestic policies69716.5
26) Stand on foreign affairs2175.1
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest1142.7
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest621.5
29) Candidate as party representative75317.8
30) Other42410.0
87) Don't know much about party/candidate; not involved in politics441.0
89) DK; RF; NA (mention 1 only)661.6
Missing43208
Total4230100.0
408) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 2nd Full Dislike) (VCF0495A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total6083759.65335.09
409) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 2nd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0495B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party530.9
12) Party characteristics50.1
21) Candidate experience, ability3996.6
22) Candidate leadership qualities4156.8
23) Candidate personal qualities93415.4
24) Candidate party connections4347.1
31) Government management3004.9
32) Government activity/philosophy3355.5
33) Domestic policies159226.2
34) Foreign policies76812.6
35) Group connections62110.2
40) Miscellaneous2273.7
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing41355
Total6083100.0
410) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Full Dislike) (VCF0495C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total20708,463.82305.10
411) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 2nd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0495D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities27313.2
22) Character and background45622.1
23) Personal attraction1939.3
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign00.0
25) Stand on domestic policies39018.9
26) Stand on foreign affairs2049.9
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest1004.8
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest512.5
29) Candidate as party representative24211.7
30) Other1587.6
Missing45371
Total2067100.0
412) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 3rd Full Dislike) (VCF0496A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3459806.18447.02
413) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 3rd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0496B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party240.7
12) Party characteristics00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability1945.6
22) Candidate leadership qualities2005.8
23) Candidate personal qualities42112.2
24) Candidate party connections2326.7
31) Government management1935.6
32) Government activity/philosophy1765.1
33) Domestic policies101629.4
34) Foreign policies45113.0
35) Group connections40011.6
40) Miscellaneous1514.4
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing43980
Total3458100.0
414) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Full Dislike) (VCF0496C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total9528,473.61290.90
415) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 3rd Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0496D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities949.9
22) Character and background21122.2
23) Personal attraction919.6
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign00.0
25) Stand on domestic policies21422.5
26) Stand on foreign affairs10310.8
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest525.5
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest181.9
29) Candidate as party representative10010.5
30) Other687.2
Missing46487
Total951100.0
416) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 4th Full Dislike) (VCF0497A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1774824.21368.82
417) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 4th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0497B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party100.6
12) Party characteristics40.2
21) Candidate experience, ability714.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities804.5
23) Candidate personal qualities20811.7
24) Candidate party connections1156.5
31) Government management995.6
32) Government activity/philosophy1116.3
33) Domestic policies53430.1
34) Foreign policies22612.7
35) Group connections24413.8
40) Miscellaneous724.1
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing45664
Total1774100.0
418) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 4th Full Dislike) (VCF0497C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3858,486.29289.11
419) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 4th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0497D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities369.4
22) Character and background8522.1
23) Personal attraction266.8
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign00.0
25) Stand on domestic policies8923.1
26) Stand on foreign affairs4912.7
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest215.5
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest102.6
29) Candidate as party representative3910.1
30) Other307.8
Missing47053
Total385100.0
420) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 5th Full Dislike) (VCF0498A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total944819.69307.48
421) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1972 and later -- 5th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0498B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party60.6
12) Party characteristics00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability404.2
22) Candidate leadership qualities424.4
23) Candidate personal qualities10411.0
24) Candidate party connections606.4
31) Government management515.4
32) Government activity/philosophy667.0
33) Domestic policies31132.9
34) Foreign policies13914.7
35) Group connections9410.0
40) Miscellaneous313.3
50) Events unique to one campaign00.0
Missing46494
Total944100.0
422) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 5th Full Dislike) (VCF0498C)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1558,502.60293.91
423) Is there anything in particular about {REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE} that might make you want to vote against him? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1952-1968 -- 5th Collapsed Dislike) (VCF0498D)
 TOTAL%
21) Experience and abilities1610.3
22) Character and background3321.3
23) Personal attraction117.1
24) Issues - NA whether domestic or foreign00.0
25) Stand on domestic policies3220.6
26) Stand on foreign affairs1711.0
27) Bad for/anti/keep in check/cease favoring group or interest74.5
28) Good for/better for/help to/made up of/fair to group or interest53.2
29) Candidate as party representative149.0
30) Other2012.9
Missing47283
Total155100.0
424) Do you think there are any important differences in what the Republicans and Democrats stand for? (VCF0501)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no pre-interview; no post-interview; form II, III, IV (1972); telephone interview (1984); form B (1986); form A (1990)762723.2
1) No difference985630.0
2) Yes, a difference1384242.2
9) Don't know; yes, a difference but don't know what (1964, 1966); depends (1972)14884.5
Missing14625
Total32813100.0
425) Would you say that either one of the parties is more conservative than the other at the national level? (IF YES:) Which party is more conservative? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0502)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; telephone interview (1984); form II, III, IV (1972); form A (1990)502424.2
1) Yes, Democrats more conservative219310.6
2) Yes, Republicans more conservative893243.1
9) No, both the same; don't know; no guess (1970-1976); other (1968, 1970, 1972)459422.1
Missing26695
Total20743100.0
426) Would you say that either one of the parties is more conservative than the other at the national level? (IF YES:) Which party is more conservative? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0502A)
 TOTAL%
0) NA whether one more conservative; yes, one more conservative but NA which party; no Post IW; telephone interview (1984); form II, III, IV (1972); form A (1990)458927.9
1) Yes, Democrats more conservative15649.5
2) Yes, Republicans more conservative617237.6
5) No, both the same238114.5
9) Don't know whether one more conservative; yes, one more conservative but don't know which party172810.5
Missing31004
Total16434100.0
427) Here is a seven-point scale on which the political views that people might hold are arranged from extremely liberal to extremely conservative. Where would you place the Democratic Party {on this scale}? (VCF0503)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know/NA self-placement (1984-1996); refused to choose self-placement (1996); no Post IW; form III, IV (1972)572118.7
1) Extremely liberal15835.2
2) Liberal662321.6
3) Slightly liberal571818.7
4) Moderate, middle of the road420013.7
5) Slightly conservative21447.0
6) Conservative14544.7
7) Extremely conservative4881.6
8) Don't know party placement26808.8
Missing16827
Total30611100.0
428) Republican Party -- respondent's rating of party on liberal/conservative scale (VCF0504)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know/NA self-placement (1984-1996); refused to choose self-placement (1996); no Post IW; form III, IV (1972)572618.7
1) Extremely liberal4471.5
2) Liberal11913.9
3) Slightly liberal17885.8
4) Moderate, middle of the road332210.9
5) Slightly conservative541317.7
6) Conservative806426.3
7) Extremely conservative18906.2
8) Don't know party placement27709.0
Missing16827
Total30611100.0
429) Which party do you think is more likely to want the government to help in getting doctor and hospital care at low cost, the Democrats, the Republicans, or wouldn't there be any difference between them on this? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0507)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no opinion for respondent's opinion on this issue; no Pre IW681.2
1) Democrats257746.0
2) No difference122421.8
3) Republicans3085.5
8) Don't know which party65011.6
9) NA party placement77913.9
Missing41832
Total5606100.0
430) Some feel there should be a government insurance plan which would cover all medical and hospital expenses. Others feel that medical expenses should be paid by individuals and through private insurance. Where would you place the Democratic Party on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0508)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know self-placement (1972, 1976, 1978, 1994); haven't thought much about self-placement (1970, 1972, 1976, 1978, 1994); NA self- placement (all years exc. 1970); form II (1972); haven't thought much about party placement (1988 ONLY)322925.6
1) Government insurance plan130210.3
2) 155712.4
3) 160912.8
4) 150411.9
5) 5584.4
6) 2892.3
7) Private insurance plan2391.9
8) Don't know party placement231218.4
Missing34839
Total12599100.0
431) Republican Party -- respondent's rating of party on government health insurance scale (VCF0509)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know self-placement (1972, 1976, 1978, 1994); haven't thought much about self-placement (1970, 1972, 1976, 1978, 1994); NA self-placement (all years exc. 1970); form II (1972); haven't thought much about party placement (1988 ONLY)323325.7
1) Government insurance plan2742.2
2) 2982.4
3) 6044.8
4) 167513.3
5) 156312.4
6) 142011.3
7) Private insurance plan11208.9
8) Don't know party placement241219.1
Missing34839
Total12599100.0
432) Which party do you think is more likely to favor the government seeing to it that each person has a job and a good standard of living? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0512)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know/NA/no opinion for self-placement; no Pre IW56113.0
1) Democrats181542.1
2) No difference109725.5
3) Republicans3668.5
8) DK which party47010.9
Missing43129
Total4309100.0
433) Some people feel that the government in Washington should see to it that every person has a job and a good standard of living. Others think the government should just let each person get ahead on his/her own. Where would you place the Democratic Party? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0513)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know/NA/haven't thought much about self-placement; form III, IV (1972); form II and no Post IW (1972); no Post IW; short form or Spanish language (1992); telephone interview (2000)16527.0
1) Government see to job and good standard of living20078.6
2) 334814.3
3) 413317.6
4) 366115.6
5) 15216.5
6) 6953.0
7) Government let each person get ahead on his own4812.1
8) Don't know party placement300712.8
9) NA party placement295512.6
Missing23978
Total23460100.0
434) Republican Party -- respondent's rating of party on jobs/standard of living scale (VCF0514)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know/NA/haven't thought much about self-placement; form III, IV (1972); form II and no Post IW (1972); no Post IW; short form or Spanish language (1992); telephone interview (2000)16617.1
1) Government see to job and good standard of living4501.9
2) 6842.9
3) 14426.1
4) 357115.2
5) 394916.8
6) 349814.9
7) Government let each person get ahead on his own22329.5
8) Don't know party placement301812.9
9) NA party placement295512.6
Missing23978
Total23460100.0
435) Where would you place the Democratic Party (on this scale)? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0517)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know self-placement (1972-1984, 1990, 1994); NA self-placement (1972-1990, 1994); haven't thought much about self-placement (1970-1984, 1990, 1994); no Post IW; form III, IV (1972); telephone interview (2000)/L18417.5
1) Government should help minority groups21588.8
2) 358914.7
3) 417417.1
4) 407216.6
5) 15266.2
6) 6622.7
7) Minority groups should help themselves4711.9
8) Don't know party placement376215.4
9) NA party placement22079.0
Missing22976
Total24462100.0
436) Republican Party -- respondent's rating of party on aid to blacks/minorities scale (VCF0518)
 TOTAL%
0) Don't know self-placement (1972-1984, 1990, 1994); NA self-placement (1972-1990, 1994); haven't thought much about self-placement (1970-1984, 1990, 1994); no Post IW; form III, IV (1972); telephone interview (2000)18507.6
1) Government should help minority groups5792.4
2) 9834.0
3) 19948.2
4) 462218.9
5) 398516.3
6) 276011.3
7) Minority groups should help themselves15946.5
8) Don't know party placement388715.9
9) NA party placement22089.0
Missing22976
Total24462100.0
437) Which party do you think is more likely to favor a stronger [1978, 1980, 1984: more powerful; 1988,1992: a powerful] government in Washington -- the Democrats, the Republicans, or wouldn't there be any difference between them on this? (VCF0521)
 TOTAL%
0) Filter response is that respondent has no opinion/interest for topic or doesn't know whether has own opinion on topic (all years); respondent says s/he has own opinion but gives opinion as don't know (1964, 1968, 1972, 1976, 1988, 1992); respondent says s/he has own opinion but gives opinion as NA (all years); respondent's own opinion is: thinks govt not getting too strong but don't know/NA if it should become more powerful (1988, 1992 ONLY); respondent's own opinion is that govt is not too strong AND should stay as it is (1988, 1992 ONLY); respondent's own opinion is "other/ depends" (1988 ONLY); NA which party; no Post IW; form I (1972); telephone interview (1984)964446.8
1) Democrats323615.7
2) No difference438421.3
3) Republicans17688.6
9) Don't know which party15567.6
Missing26850
Total20588100.0
438) Which party do you think is more likely to favor a stronger [1978, 1980, 1984: more powerful; 1988, 1992: a powerful] government in Washington -- the Democrats, the Republicans, or wouldn't there be any difference between them on this? (VCF0521A)
 TOTAL%
0) Respondent's own opinion is: thinks govt. not getting too strong but don't know/NA if it should become more powerful (1988, 1992 ONLY); respondent's own opinion is that govt. is not too strong AND should stay as it is (1988, 1992 ONLY); respondent's own opinion is "other/depends" (1988 ONLY); NA which party; no Post IW; form I (1972); telephone interview (1984)461522.4
1) Democrats323615.7
2) No difference438421.3
3) Republicans17688.6
9) Don't know which party; no opinion658532.0
Missing26850
Total20588100.0
439) Looking ahead, do you think the problem of keeping out of war (1966-1972: a bigger war) would be handled better in the next four years (1966-1970: two years) by the Republicans, by the Democrats, or about the same by both? (VCF0522)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; Form II (1972); no Pre IW; question not administered in assigned half-sample (1996)298410.5
1) Better by Democrats484317.1
2) Same by both1350047.7
3) Better by Republicans537519.0
9) Don't know; depends (1972); neither (2000)15955.6
Missing19141
Total28297100.0
440) Which political party do you think is more in favor of cutting military spending -- the Democrats, the Republicans, or wouldn't there be much difference between them? (VCF0523)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form II, IV (1972)155531.4
1) Democrats108121.8
2) Not much difference151530.6
3) Republicans3366.8
8) Don't know4669.4
Missing42485
Total4953100.0
441) Some people are primarily concerned with doing everything possible to protect the legal rights of those accused of committing crimes. Others feel that it is more important to stop criminal activity even at the risk of reducing the rights of the accused. Where would you place the Democratic Party? (VCF0524)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; NA/haven't thought much about self-placement (all years); don't know/NA self-placement (1972-1978); no Post IW; form III, IV (1972)214420.7
1) Protect rights of accused8288.0
2) 9699.4
3) 134713.0
4) 177517.2
5) 6416.2
6) 2652.6
7) Stop crime regardless of rights of accused2582.5
8) Don't know party placement211220.4
Missing37099
Total10339100.0
442) Republican Party -- respondent's rating of party on rights of accused scale (VCF0525)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; NA/haven't thought much about self-placement (all years); DK/NA self-placement (1972-1978); no Post IW; form III, IV (1972)214720.8
1) Protect rights of accused4954.8
2) 5185.0
3) 8318.0
4) 191418.5
5) 121611.8
6) 6836.6
7) Stop crime regardless of rights of accused4474.3
8) Don't know party placement208820.2
Missing37099
Total10339100.0
443) There is much discussion about the best way to deal with the problem of urban unrest and rioting. Some say it is more important to use all available force to maintain law and order - no matter what results. Others say it is more important to correct the problems of poverty and unemployment that give rise to the disturbances. Where would you place the Democratic Party? (VCF0528)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know/NA/haven't thought much about self-placement (1972, 1976); no Post IW; form I, III, IV (1972)292436.4
1) Solve problems of poverty and unemployment6818.5
2) 7919.8
3) 93011.6
4) 111513.9
5) 3234.0
6) 1541.9
7) Use all available force1171.5
8) Don't know party placement100012.4
Missing39403
Total8035100.0
444) Republican Party -- respondent's rating of party on urban unrest scale (VCF0529)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know/NA/haven't thought much about self-placement (1972, 1976); no Post IW; form I, III, IV (1972)292836.4
1) Solve problems of poverty and unemployment2613.2
2) 3113.9
3) 5667.0
4) 136217.0
5) 83810.4
6) 4645.8
7) Use all available force3003.7
8) DK party placement100512.5
Missing39403
Total8035100.0
445) Some people think achieving racial integration of schools is so important that it justifies busing children to schools out of their own neighborhoods. Others think letting children go to their neighborhood schools is so important that they oppose busing. Where would you place the Democratic Party? (VCF0533)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know/NA/haven't thought much about self-placement70010.7
1) Bus to achieve integration6029.2
2) 5578.5
3) 72511.1
4) 105116.1
5) 4617.1
6) 2273.5
7) Keep children in neighborhood schools3795.8
8) Don't know party placement182628.0
Missing40910
Total6528100.0
446) Republican Party -- respondent's rating of party on school busing scale (VCF0534)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know/NA/haven't thought much about self-placement70010.7
1) Bus to achieve integration3395.2
2) 2794.3
3) 4276.5
4) 99315.2
5) 74111.4
6) 5959.1
7) Keep children in neighborhood schools69110.6
8) Don't know party placement176327.0
Missing40910
Total6528100.0
447) Some people feel that women should have an equal role with men in running business, industry, and government. Others feel that women's place is in the home. Where would you place the Democratic Party? (VCF0537)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know/NA/haven't thought much about self-placement (1972-1988); no Post IW14619.9
1) Women and men should have an equal role185612.5
2) 200513.5
3) 241016.3
4) 245616.6
5) 6634.5
6) 2611.8
7) Women's place is in the home1681.1
8) Don't know party placement354223.9
Missing32616
Total14822100.0
448) Republican Party -- respondent's rating of party on equal role for women scale (VCF0538)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know/NA/haven't thought much about self-placement (1972-1988); no Post IW14649.9
1) Women and men should have an equal role10677.2
2) 11077.5
3) 170011.5
4) 295519.9
5) 162911.0
6) 7845.3
7) Women's place is in the home4713.2
8) Don't know party placement364524.6
Missing32616
Total14822100.0
449) Where would you place the Democratic Party? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0541)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know/haven't thought much about self-placement (1982, 1984, 1990, 1994); NA self-placement (exc. 1986); short form or Spanish language (1992); telephone interview (2000)255212.7
1) Government should provide many fewer services: reduce spending a lot2811.4
2) 5302.6
3) 11765.8
4) 301314.9
5) 429021.3
6) 388119.2
7) Government should provide many more services: increase spending a lot202410.0
8) Don't know party placement241812.0
Missing27273
Total20165100.0
450) Republican Party -- respondent's rating of party on government services scale (VCF0542)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know/haven't thought much about self-placement (1982, 1984, 1990, 1994); NA self-placement (exc. 1986); short form or Spanish language (1992); telephone interview (2000)256412.7
1) Government should provide many fewer services: reduce spending a lot15867.9
2) 325116.1
3) 391119.4
4) 345317.1
5) 18069.0
6) 8124.0
7) Government should provide many more services: increase spending a lot4102.0
8) Don't know party placement237211.8
Missing27273
Total20165100.0
451) Some people feel it is important for us to try to cooperate more with Russia, while others believe we should be much tougher in our dealings with Russia. Where would you place the Democratic Party on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0545)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know/NA/haven't thought much about self-placement; no Post IW118320.0
1) Cooperate more/get along with Russia3526.0
2) 69311.7
3) 107118.1
4) 109618.5
5) 4167.0
6) 1672.8
7) Get much tougher/big mistake841.4
8) Don't know party placement84914.4
Missing41527
Total5911100.0
452) Republican Party -- respondent's rating of party on cooperate with Russia scale (VCF0546)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; don't know/NA/haven't thought much about self-placement; no Post IW118220.0
1) Cooperate more/get along with Russia1833.1
2) 2914.9
3) 5639.5
4) 99216.8
5) 101317.1
6) 67211.4
7) Get much tougher/big mistake2924.9
8) Don't know party placement72312.2
Missing41527
Total5911100.0
453) Some people believe that we should spend much less money for defense. Others feel that defense spending should be greatly increased. Where would you place the Democratic Party on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0549)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; DK/haven't thought much about self-placement (1980, 1984, 1990); NA self-placement (exc. 1986); short form or Spanish language (1992); telephone interview (2000)242713.0
1) Greatly decrease defense spending8504.5
2) 209811.2
3) 351718.8
4) 381720.4
5) 206411.0
6) 9615.1
7) Greatly increase defense spending.4212.3
8) DK party placement254813.6
Missing28735
Total18703100.0
454) Republican Party -- respondent's rating of party on defense spending (VCF0550)
 TOTAL%
0) NA party placement; DK/haven't thought much about self-placement (1980, 1984, 1990); NA self-placement (exc. 1986) short form or Spanish language (1992); telephone interview (2000)243313.0
1) Greatly decrease defense spending2381.3
2) 3742.0
3) 9104.9
4) 232812.4
5) 410221.9
6) 407821.8
7) Greatly increase defense spending189410.1
8) DK party placement234612.5
Missing28735
Total18703100.0
455) There are many possible ways for people to show their disapproval or disagreement with governmental policies and actions. How about taking part in protest meetings or marches that are permitted by the local authorities? Would you approve of taking part, disapprove, or would it depend on the circumstances? (VCF0601)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW90112.3
1) Disapprove277037.7
2) Pro-con, depends, don't know257135.0
3) Approve110215.0
Missing40094
Total7344100.0
456) How about refusing to obey a law which one thinks is unjust, if the person feels so strongly about it that he is willing to go to jail rather than obey the law? Would you approve of a person doing that, disapprove, or would it depend on the circumstances? (VCF0602)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW90512.3
1) Disapprove299240.7
2) Pro-con, depends, don't know251134.2
3) Approve93612.7
Missing40094
Total7344100.0
457) Suppose all other methods have failed and the person decides to try to stop the government from going about its usual activities with sit-ins, mass meetings, demonstrations, and things like that? Would you approve of that, disapprove, or would it depend on the circumstances? (VCF0603)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW126113.1
1) Disapprove432945.1
2) Pro-con, depends, don't know339935.4
3) Approve6036.3
Missing37846
Total9592100.0
458) How much of the time do you think you can trust the government in Washington to do what is right -- just about always, most of the time, only some of the time? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0604)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone interview (1984)36339.2
1) None of the time (VOLUNTEERED); almost never (1966 only)5721.4
2) Some of the time1957149.5
3) Most of the time1332633.7
4) Just about always17624.5
9) DK; depends6341.6
Missing7940
Total39498100.0
459) Would you say the government is pretty much run by a few big interests looking out for themselves or that it is run for the benefit of all the people? (VCF0605)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone interview (1984)27197.6
1) Few big interests1996955.7
2) Benefit of all1088430.3
9) DK; pro-con; depends; other; refused to choose; both23006.4
Missing11566
Total35872100.0
460) Do you think that people in the government waste a lot of money we pay in taxes, waste some of it, or don't waste very much of it? (VCF0606)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone interview (1984)24936.9
1) A lot2178860.5
2) Some1020528.3
3) Not very much9482.6
9) DK5971.7
Missing11407
Total36031100.0
461) Do you feel that almost all of the people running the government are smart people, or do you think that quite a few of them don't seem to know what they are doing? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0607)
 TOTAL%
0) MD; no Post IW8855.4
1) Don't know what they're doing697342.2
2) Know what they're doing781547.3
9) DK; pro-con; depends; other; refused to choose; both8585.2
Missing30907
Total16531100.0
462) Do you think that quite a few of the people running the government are (1958-1972: a little) crooked, not very many are, or do you think hardly any of them are crooked (1958-1972: at all)? (VCF0608)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone interview (1984)26747.7
1) Quite a few; quite a lot (1958-1972)1229335.5
2) Not many1453142.0
3) Hardly any409611.8
9) DK10192.9
Missing12825
Total34613100.0
463) Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with these statements. The first is: 'Public officials don't care much what people like me think.' (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0609)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW; no Post IW; form B (1986)35058.2
1) Agree1871743.6
2) Disagree1795441.9
3) Neither agree nor disagree (1988 and later only)18564.3
9) DK; not sure; it depends; can't say; refused to say8582.0
Missing4548
Total42890100.0
464) 'Generally speaking, those we elect to Congress in Washington lose touch with the people pretty quickly.' (VCF0610)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW8496.3
1) Agree827961.3
2) Disagree381528.2
9) DK; it depends; can't say; refused to say5674.2
Missing33928
Total13510100.0
465) 'Parties are only interested in people's votes but not in their opinions.' (VCF0611)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW8606.4
1) Agree724853.6
2) Disagree488336.1
9) DK; it depends; can't say; refused to say5193.8
Missing33928
Total13510100.0
466) 'Voting is the only way that people like me can have any (1956-1964: a) say about how the government runs things.' (VCF0612)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW; no Post IW9934.7
1) Agree1305161.5
2) Disagree678332.0
9) DK; depends; not sure; can't say; refused to say; neither agree nor disagree (1988)3871.8
Missing26224
Total21214100.0
467) 'People like me don't have any say about what the government does.' (VCF0613)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW; no Post IW21565.3
1) Agree1513337.2
2) Disagree2159853.0
3) Neither agree nor disagree (1988 and later only)13893.4
9) DK; depends; not sure; can't say; refused to say4381.1
Missing6724
Total40714100.0
468) 'Sometimes politics and government seem so complicated that a person like me can't really understand what's going on.' (VCF0614)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW; no Post IW20265.5
1) Agree2355664.4
2) Disagree968426.5
3) Neither agree nor disagree (1988 and later only)10142.8
9) DK; depends; not sure; can't say; refused to say2930.8
Missing10865
Total36573100.0
469) Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with each of these statements. 'So many other people vote in the national elections that it doesn't matter much to me whether I vote or not.' (VCF0615)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW; interview conducted prior to addition of question (2000)7884.6
1) Agree (2000: agree strongly/somewhat)16879.9
2) Disagree (2000: disagree strongly/somewhat)1426683.8
3) Neither agree nor disagree (2000, 2002 only)1530.9
9) DK; depends; not sure; can't say; refused to say1370.8
Missing30407
Total17031100.0
470) 'If a person doesn't (1988: if people don't) care how an election comes out he (1980, 1984: then that person; 1988, 1992: they) shouldn't vote in it.' (VCF0616)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW; no Post IW8164.0
1) Agree949246.3
2) Disagree955546.6
3) Neither agree nor disagree (1988, 1990, 1992 only)3891.9
9) DK; depends; not sure; can't say; refused to say2431.2
Missing26943
Total20495100.0
471) 'It isn't so important to vote when you know your party doesn't have any chance to win.' (VCF0617)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW2521.8
1) Agree11788.6
2) Disagree1211188.3
9) DK; depends; not sure; can't say; refused to say1721.3
Missing33725
Total13713100.0
472) 'A good many local elections aren't important enough to bother with.' (VCF0618)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW2682.0
1) Agree185113.5
2) Disagree1141283.2
9) DK; depends; not sure; can't say; refused to say1821.3
Missing33725
Total13713100.0
473) Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted, or that you can't be too careful in dealing with people? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0619)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972)20469.8
1) Can't be too careful951845.4
2) Most people can be trusted915443.7
9) DK; other; depends; both; can't say; refused to say2391.1
Missing26481
Total20957100.0
474) Would you say that most of the time people try to be helpful, or that they are mostly just looking out for themselves? (VCF0620)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972)275315.3
1) Just look out for themselves625134.8
2) Try to be helpful853147.5
9) DK; other; depends; both; can't say; refused to say4272.4
Missing29476
Total17962100.0
475) Do you think most people would try to take advantage of you if they got a chance, or would they try to be fair? (VCF0621)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972)249714.5
1) Would take advantage509229.6
2) Would try to be fair919053.5
9) DK; other; depends; both; can't say; refused to say4022.3
Missing30257
Total17181100.0
476) Over the years, how much attention do you feel the government pays to what the people think when it decides what to do -- a good deal, some, or not much? (VCF0622)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972)325511.1
1) Not much729524.9
2) Some1412848.2
3) A good deal402513.7
9) DK; other; depends; can't say5922.0
Missing18143
Total29295100.0
477) How much do you feel that political parties help to make the government pay attention to what the people think, a good deal, some or not much? (VCF0623)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form III, IV 1972)211514.0
1) Not much266017.6
2) Some638542.3
3) A good deal331222.0
9) DK; other; depends; can't say6094.0
Missing32357
Total15081100.0
478) How much do you feel that having elections makes the government pay attention to what the people think, a good deal, some or not much? (VCF0624)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972)340711.1
1) Not much308510.1
2) Some976731.8
3) A good deal1392845.4
9) DK; other; depends; can't say4921.6
Missing16759
Total30679100.0
479) How much attention do you think most Congressmen pay to the people who elect them when they decide what to do in Congress, a good deal, some, or not much? (VCF0625)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form 2 whites (1970); form III, IV (1972)213414.2
1) Not much271518.0
2) Some659943.8
3) A good deal313920.8
9) DK; other; depends; can't say4943.3
Missing32357
Total15081100.0
480) When you do make plans ahead, do you usually get to carry out things the way you expected, or do things usually come up to make you change your plans? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0626)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW8916.5
1) Have to change plans610044.2
2) Things work out as expected633245.9
9) DK; pro-con; it depends; both other; refused to choose4713.4
Missing33644
Total13794100.0
481) Do you think it's better to plan your life a good way ahead, or would you say life is too much a matter of luck to plan ahead very far? (VCF0627)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW6316.6
1) Too much luck to plan303931.7
2) Plan ahead563358.7
9) DK; pro-con; it depends; both; other; refused to choose2893.0
Missing37846
Total9592100.0
482) Have you usually felt pretty sure your life would work out the way you want it to, or have there been times when you haven't been (1958: very) sure about it? (VCF0628)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW8286.0
1) Haven't been sure754754.7
2) Pretty sure519237.6
9) DK; pro-con; it depends; both; other; refused to choose2271.6
Missing33644
Total13794100.0
483) Some people feel they can run their lives pretty much the way they want to; others feel the problems of life are sometimes too big for them. Which one are you most like? (VCF0629)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW6346.6
1) Problems of life too big213722.3
2) Can run own life644667.2
9) DK; pro-con; it depends; both; other; refused to choose3753.9
Missing37846
Total9592100.0
484) We find that people differ in how much faith and confidence they have in various levels of government in this country. Do you have more faith and confidence in the national government, the government of this state, or in the local government around here? (VCF0630)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form I, III, IV (1972)239824.5
1) National government225923.1
2) State government174917.8
3) Local government212721.7
9) DK; none; all; other; depends; refuses to choose; combination of two126612.9
Missing37639
Total9799100.0
485) Which level (1996: of government) do you have the least faith and confidence in -- the national government, the government of this state, or the local government around here? (VCF0631)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form I, III, IV (1972)243424.8
1) National government238824.4
2) State government115411.8
3) Local government216322.1
9) DK; none; all; other; depends; refuses to choose; combination of two166016.9
Missing37639
Total9799100.0
486) Which part of the government on the list do you most often trust to do what's right: Congress, the Supreme Court, the President, or political parties? (VCF0632)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form I, III, IV (1972)200630.7
1) Congress111017.0
2) Supreme Court152423.3
3) President116717.9
4) Political parties801.2
9) DK; all; none6419.8
Missing40910
Total6528100.0
487) Which of the others do you next often trust to do what's right {Congress, Supreme Court, President or political parties}? (VCF0633)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form I, III, IV (1972); answered all, none, DK or NA in VCF0632203631.2
1) Congress147922.7
2) Supreme Court89913.8
3) President110016.9
4) Political parties1862.8
9) DK; all; none82812.7
Missing40910
Total6528100.0
488) Which {part of the government} do you least often trust to do what's right {Congress, Supreme Court, President or political parties}? (VCF0634)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form I, III, IV (1972); answered all, none, DK or NA in VCF0632\V206231.6
1) Congress2814.3
2) Supreme Court4436.8
3) President3976.1
4) Political parties273141.8
9) DK; all; none6149.4
Missing40910
Total6528100.0
489) (IF R HAS MENTIONED A 'MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEM' IN THE NATION:) How good (of) a job is the government doing in dealing with this problem: a good job, only fair, or a poor job? (VCF0640)
 TOTAL%
0) Respondent has not identified any problem6873.4
1) Good job12136.1
3) Only fair601830.2
5) Poor job811440.7
8) Don't know3301.7
9) NA; R not selected (1996, 2000); no Post IW; abbrev. Post IW (1984); short form questionnaire (1992)356417.9
Missing27512
Total19926100.0
490) External efficacy index, 100-pt scale (VCF0648)
 TOTAL%
0) Least efficacious1232328.7
25) 2511562.7
50) 50967922.6
75) 7510632.5
100) Most efficacious1522835.5
999) Not scored in both VCF0609 and VCF061334418.0
Missing4548
Total42890100.0
491) Government responsiveness index, 100-pt scale (VCF0649)
 TOTAL%
0) Least responsive29139.1
25) 25328010.2
50) 50976530.4
75) 75724522.6
100) Most responsive516416.1
999) Not scored in both VCF0622 and VCF0624373011.6
Missing15341
Total32097100.0
492) As I read, please give me the number that best describes how good a job you feel that part of the government is doing for the country as a whole. THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IN WASHINGTON (VCF0650)
 TOTAL%
0) Very poor job1723.2
1) 581.1
2) Poor job73413.5
3) 4087.5
4) Fair job209938.6
5) 4358.0
6) Good job56810.4
7) 591.1
8) Very good job621.1
9) DK; NA; no opinion; haven't thought about it; no Post IW84215.5
Missing42001
Total5437100.0
493) State governments, in general (VCF0651)
 TOTAL%
0) Very poor job771.4
1) 450.8
2) Poor job4758.7
3) 3506.4
4) Fair job180733.2
5) 60211.1
6) Good job97718.0
7) 921.7
8) Very good job801.5
9) DK; NA; no opinion; haven't thought about it; no Post IW93217.1
Missing42001
Total5437100.0
494) Local governments, in general (VCF0652)
 TOTAL%
0) Very poor job1482.7
1) 711.3
2) Poor job4678.6
3) 3456.3
4) Fair job152628.1
5) 5389.9
6) Good job108319.9
7) 1863.4
8) Very good job1282.4
9) DK; NA; no opinion; haven't thought about it; no Post IW94517.4
Missing42001
Total5437100.0
495) The presidency (VCF0653)
 TOTAL%
0) Very poor job2093.8
1) 911.7
2) Poor job62911.6
3) 3726.8
4) Fair job152328.0
5) 54610.0
6) Good job95017.5
7) 1322.4
8) Very good job1482.7
9) DK; NA; no opinion; haven't thought about it; no Post IW83715.4
Missing42001
Total5437100.0
496) Congress, that is the U.S. Senate and the House of Representatives (VCF0654)
 TOTAL%
0) Very poor job1492.7
1) 661.2
2) Poor job69512.8
3) 4778.8
4) Fair job164130.2
5) 57010.5
6) Good job63411.7
7) 921.7
8) Very good job811.5
9) DK; NA; no opinion; haven't thought about it; no Post IW103219.0
Missing42001
Total5437100.0
497) The U.S. Supreme Court (VCF0655)
 TOTAL%
0) Very poor job1623.0
1) 951.7
2) Poor job4297.9
3) 3235.9
4) Fair job113920.9
5) 5059.3
6) Good job94717.4
7) 2404.4
8) Very good job2184.0
9) DK; NA; no opinion; haven't thought about it; no Post IW137925.4
Missing42001
Total5437100.0
498) Trust in government index, 100 pt scale (VCF0656)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total39498127.79283.84
499) How much of the time do you think you can trust the media to report the news fairly? Just about always, most of the time, only some of the time, or almost never? (VCF0675)
 TOTAL%
1) Just about always2814.7
2) Most of the time187431.2
3) Only some of the time271945.2
4) Almost never4878.1
5) None of the time [VOL]500.8
8) DK170.3
9) NA; no Post IW5869.7
Missing41424
Total6014100.0
500) Who do you think will be elected President in November? (VCF0700)
 TOTAL%
1) Democratic candidate970037.2
2) Republican candidate1294849.7
7) Other candidate2270.9
8) DK; depends292611.2
9) DK; NA; no Pre IW2511.0
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
501) Now how about the election this November. (1952-1964: Do you know if you are; 1968-1980: Are you) registered/eligible so that you could vote in the November election if you wanted to? (VCF0701)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Pre IW; form II (1972)165010.5
1) No296618.9
2) Yes1106070.6
Missing31762
Total15676100.0
502) We often find that a lot of people weren't able to vote because they weren't registered or they were sick or they just didn't have time. How about you, did you vote in the elections this November? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0702)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; refused to say if voted; Washington D.C. (presidential years only)30956.7
1) No, did not vote1422730.7
2) Yes, voted2897762.6
Missing1139
Total46299100.0
503) Summary: did respondent register and vote (VCF0703)
 TOTAL%
0) DK/NA if voted; DK/NA whether registered (includes 1960 nonvoter cases without Pre IWs and 1972 form II nonvoters); no Post IW; refused to say if voted; Washington D.C. (presidential years only)34038.8
1) Not registered, and did not vote655217.0
2) Registered, but did not vote441611.5
3) Voted (registered)2414662.7
Missing8921
Total38517100.0
504) (IF R VOTED:) How about the election for President? Did you vote for a candidate for President? (IF YES:) Who did you vote for? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings)D (VCF0704)
 TOTAL%
0) Did not vote; DK/NA if voted; refused to say if voted; voted, but not for president (1980-1992); DK/NA if voted for president; DK/NA who voted for (1980-1992); refused to say who voted for; "other" vote; no Post IW964036.1
1) Democrat799729.9
2) Republican849331.8
3) Major third party candidate (Wallace 1968/Anderson 1980/Perot 1992,1996)5842.2
Missing20724
Total26714100.0
505) Major party presidential vote (2 party) (VCF0704A)
 TOTAL%
0) Did not vote; DK/NA if voted; refused to say if voted; voted, but not for president (1980-1992); DK/NA if voted for president; DK/NA who voted for (1980-1992); refused to say who voted for; "other" vote; no Post IW1022438.3
1) Democrat799729.9
2) Republican849331.8
Missing20724
Total26714100.0
506) Presidential vote (major parties and all "other") (VCF0705)
 TOTAL%
0) Did not vote; DK/NA if voted; refused to say if voted; voted, but not for president (1980-1992); DK/NA if voted for president (1980-1992); DK/NA who voted for; refused to say who voted for; no Post IW944835.4
1) Democrat799729.9
2) Republican849331.8
3) Other (incl. 3rd/minor party candidates and write-ins)7762.9
Missing20724
Total26714100.0
507) Presidential vote and nonvote (VCF0706)
 TOTAL%
0) DK/NA if voted; refused to say if voted; DK/NA if voted for president (1980 and later); voted but not for president (1972 only); DK/NA who voted for; refused to say who voted for; no Post IW322612.1
1) Democrat799729.9
2) Republican849331.8
3) Major third party candidate (Wallace 1968/Anderson 1980/Perot 1992, 1996)5962.2
4) Other (incl. 3rd/minor party candidates and write-ins)4181.6
7) Did not vote or voted but not for president (exc.1972)598422.4
Missing20724
Total26714100.0
508) How about the election for the House of Representatives in Washington? Did you vote for a candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? (IF YES:) Who did you vote for? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0707)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; respondent did not vote; respondent refused to say if voted; DK/NA if voted; refused to say who voted for; "other" (third party, independent vote) name given by respondent not on candidate list (1978-1988); Washington D.C.; no Post IW; voted but not for House of Representatives; DK/NA if voted for House of Representatives; forms III and IV (1972); special districts with no House race in 1978 (LA03, LA07, FL08, FL10); special districts with no House race in 1980 (LA03, LA07); special districts, with no House race in 1982 (LA05, LA07); special district with no House race in 1986 (LA04)2188348.0
1) Democrat1319428.9
2) Republican1056023.1
Missing1801
Total45637100.0
509) How about the election for the United States Senate? Did you vote for a candidate for the U.S./United States Senate? (IF YES:) Who did you vote for? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0708)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; respondent did not vote; refused to say if voted; DK/NA if voted; refused to say who voted for; "other" (minor/3rd party) vote; name given by respondent not on candidate list (1978-1988); no race in state; no Post IW; voted but not for Senate; forms III and IV (1972); Washington D.C.; did not vote in regular Senate election (California, 1992 ONLY)2810063.4
1) Democrat875019.7
2) Republican749016.9
Missing3098
Total44340100.0
510) Ticket splitting Presidential vs. Congressional vote (VCF0709)
 TOTAL%
0) DK/NA who voted for in presidential or congressional race; did not vote; refused to say if voted; DK/NA if voted; refused to say who voted for; "other" (independent/3rd party) vote; name given by respondent not on candidate list (1978-1988); Washington D.C.; no Post IW; voted, but not for president (1980 and later); voted, but not for House of Representatives (1978 and later); forms III and IV (1972); special districts with no House race in 1978 (LA03, LA07, FL08, FL10); special districts with no House race in 1980 (LA03, LA07); special districts with no House race in 1982 (LA05, LA07)1249047.9
1) Dem. Pres. -- Dem. Congressional559121.5
2) Dem. Pres. -- Rep. Congressional9483.6
3) Rep. Pres. -- Dem. Congressional18487.1
4) Rep. Pres. -- Rep. Congressional517519.9
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
511) Ticket splitting Presidential vs. Senatorial vote (VCF0710)
 TOTAL%
0) DK/NA who voted for in presidential or congressional race; did not vote; refused to say if voted; DK/NA if voted; refused to say who voted for; "other" (independent/3rd party) vote; name given by respondent not on candidate list (1978-1988); Washington D.C.; no Post IW; voted, but not for president (1980-1992); voted, but not for Senate (1978-1992); did not vote in regular Senate election (California, 1992 ONLY); forms III, IV (1972); no Senate race in state1634762.7
1) Dem. Pres. -- Dem. Senate403715.5
2) Dem. Pres. -- Rep. Senate6572.5
3) Rep. Pres. -- Dem. Senate11854.5
4) Rep. Pres. -- Rep. Senate382614.7
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
512) Have you always voted for the same party or have you voted for different parties for President? (VCF0711)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Pre IW; respondent has never voted429819.8
1) Different party796836.8
2) Same party; mostly same party (1952-1970)939143.4
Missing25781
Total21657100.0
513) How long before the election did you decide that you were going to vote the way you did? (VCF0712)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; unspecified "other"; respondent did not vote; DK/NA if voted; refused to say if voted; voted, but not for president; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone interview; voted but DK/NA/refused to say for whom (1964-1988 only)982036.8
1) Knew all along (incl.: always vote for same party; 1948 ONLY: all pre-convention cases)432416.2
2) When candidate announced (exc. 1948)291110.9
3) During conventions344012.9
4) Post-convention period329812.3
5) Last two weeks of campaign20697.7
6) On election day8523.2
Missing20724
Total26714100.0
514) Who do you think you will vote for in the election for President? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0713)
 TOTAL%
0) DK (1964 only); NA; no Pre IW; DK/NA/RF (1952 1976: or pro-con) if will vote; refused to say15185.7
1) Democratic candidate (with or without qualifications, 1952-1976)917734.4
2) Republican candidate (with or without qualifications, 1952-1976)935935.0
3) Undecided; DK (except 1964)17806.7
4) Respondent does not intend to vote (incl. "no, qualified" if will vote, 1952-1976)411815.4
9) Other candidate7622.9
Missing20724
Total26714100.0
515) (IF R PREDICTS A WINNER IN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION:) Do you think it [the presidential race] will be a close race or will [R's predicted winning candidate] win by quite a bit? (IF R REPLIES "DK" WHO WILL WIN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION:) Do you think the presidential race will be close or will one candidate win by quite a bit? (VCF0714)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW; respondent replies DK who will win (1952-1976); respondent's prediction NA6322.4
1) Will win by quite a bit704827.1
2) Close race1556059.7
9) DK; pro-con; depends; etc.281210.8
Missing21386
Total26052100.0
516) How about the elections for other state and local offices, did you vote a straight ticket or did you vote for candidates from different parties. (IF STRAIGHT TICKET:) Which party? (IF SPLIT TICKET:) How did you split it? (VCF0715)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; respondent did not vote; DK, NA if voted; refused to say if voted; refused to say who voted for; form III or IV (1972); no Post IW; didn't vote (or DK/NA if voted) in state and local elections; no partisan state or local elections; voted straight ticket, NA which party; voted straight ticket, "other" party; voted split ticket, mostly "other" party; Washington D.C. (non-presidential years)922440.0
1) Straight ticket - Democratic443219.2
2) Split ticket - mostly Democratic17547.6
3) Split ticket - about half and half, NA how split288312.5
4) Split ticket - mostly Republican16036.9
5) Straight ticket - Republican318813.8
Missing24354
Total23084100.0
517) How about the elections for other state and local offices, did you vote a straight ticket or did you vote for candidates from different parties? (VCF0716)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; respondent did not vote; DK, NA if voted; refused to say if voted; refused to say who voted for; form III, IV (1972); no Post IW; didn't vote (or DK/NA if voted) in state and local elections; no partisan state or local elections; Washington D.C. (non- presidential years)933939.3
1) Split-ticket645027.2
2) Straight ticket795733.5
Missing23692
Total23746100.0
518) During the campaign, did you talk to any people and try to show them why they should vote for or against one of the parties or candidates? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0717)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone interview (1984)33217.3
1) No3054266.9
2) Yes1177425.8
Missing1801
Total45637100.0
519) Did you go to any political meetings, rallies, (1984 AND LATER: speeches,) (1978, 1980, 1982: fund raising) dinners, or things like that (1984 AND LATER: in support of a particular candidate)? (VCF0718)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone interview (1984)32857.7
1) No3666985.5
2) Yes29426.9
Missing4542
Total42896100.0
520) Did you do any {other} work for one of the parties or candidates? (VCF0719)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone interview (1984)33107.7
1) No3796988.5
2) Yes16173.8
Missing4542
Total42896100.0
521) Did you wear a campaign button, put a campaign sticker on your car, or place a sign in your window or in front of your house? (VCF0720)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone interview (1984)31117.6
1) No3398182.9
2) Yes39059.5
Missing6441
Total40997100.0
522) Did you give money to a political party during this election year? Did you give money to an individual candidate running for public office? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0721)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone interview (1984); DK/NA if asked for money (1966, 1968 only)33577.9
1) No (includes "not asked for money" in 1966, 1968)3558383.4
2) Yes (includes "tax check-off" in 1976)37408.8
Missing4758
Total42680100.0
523) Aside from this particular election campaign, here are some other ways people can be involved in politics. Have you ever written a letter to any public officials giving them your opinion about something that should be done? (VCF0722)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972)119914.8
1) No523364.8
2) Yes164920.4
Missing39357
Total8081100.0
524) Campaign participation count [1] (Derived from VCF0717-VCF0721) (VCF0723)
 TOTAL%
0) DK/NA in all questions; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984)\ L30647.8
1) Lowest level of participation (none)2275657.6
2) 880422.3
3) 27887.1
4) 11713.0
5) 5851.5
6) Highest level of participation in campaign activities3220.8
Missing7948
Total39490100.0
525) Campaign participation count [2] (Derived from VCF0717-VCF0719) (VCF0723A)
 TOTAL%
0) DK/NA in all questions; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984)32607.6
1) Lowest level of participation (none)2713663.3
2) 995223.2
3) 17914.2
4) Highest level of participation in campaign activities7571.8
Missing4542
Total42896100.0
526) Did you watch any programs about the campaigns on television? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0724)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; form II, III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984); respondent does not own a television414411.8
1) No, didn't watch TV programs about the campaign694019.8
2) Yes, watched TV program(s) about the campaign [a good many, several, just one or two, DK/NA frequency]2389268.3
Missing12462
Total34976100.0
527) Did you listen to any speeches or discussions about the campaign on the radio? (IF YES:) How many programs about the campaign did you listen to on the radio -- a good many, several, or just one or two? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0725)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; form II, III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form or Spanish language (1992)388012.1
1) No, didn't listen to radio programs about campaign1562848.9
2) Yes, listened to radio program(s) [quite a lot (1952), not very much (1952), a good many, several, just one or two, DK/NA frequency]1244238.9
Missing15488
Total31950100.0
528) How about magazines -- did you read about the campaign in any magazines? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0726)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; form II, III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form or Spanish language (1992)361912.9
1) No, didn't read magazines about the campaign1627958.2
2) Yes, read magazine(s) [quite a lot (1952), not very much (1952), a good many, several, just one or two, DK/NA frequency]806928.9
Missing19471
Total27967100.0
529) (IF R HAS READ A DAILY NEWSPAPER IN THE PAST WEEK:) Did you read about the campaign in any newspaper? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0727)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; form II, III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984); DK/NA if respondent reads a daily newspaper (1974); respondent did not read daily paper in past week (1988, 1992, 1996); DK/NA if respondent read a daily paper in past week (1988, 1992, 1996); short form or Spanish language (1992)557015.7
1) No, read no newspapers about the campaign921526.0
2) Yes, read newspaper(s) about the campaign2072058.4
Missing11933
Total35505100.0
530) Campaign media exposure count (VCF0728)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; form II, III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form or Spanish language (1992)472417.2
1) No media17646.4
2) 430115.6
3) 667524.3
4) 674524.5
5) All four media329312.0
Missing19936
Total27502100.0
531) Do you happen to know which party had the most members in the House of Representatives in Washington before the elections (this/ last) month? (IF NECESSARY:) Which one? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0729)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form II, III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984)422110.8
1) Incorrect party mentioned; DK; No1493338.2
2) Correct party mentioned1995051.0
Missing8334
Total39104100.0
532) Do you happen to know which party elected the most members to the House of representatives in the elections this/last month? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0730)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form II,III,IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984)295114.0
1) Incorrect party mentioned; DK; No890142.2
2) Correct party mentioned925143.8
Missing26335
Total21103100.0
533) Do you ever discuss politics with your family or friends? (VCF0731)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes1309971.9
5) No413322.7
8) DK40.0
9) NA; no Post IW9825.4
Missing29220
Total18218100.0
534) Do you ever discuss politics with your family or friends? How often do you discuss politics with your family or friends -- every day, 3 or 4 times a week, once or twice a week, or less often than that? (VCF0732)
 TOTAL%
1) Every day9678.1
2) 3or 4 times a week158513.2
3) Once or twice a week304925.5
4) Less often304525.4
5) Never/No (to lead-in)307525.7
9) DK/NA how often; DK/NA if ever discuss; no Post IW2532.1
Missing35464
Total11974100.0
535) How many days in the past week did you talk about politics with your family or friends? (VCF0733)
 TOTAL%
0) None or never discuss politics ("No" to lead-in)697338.3
1) One day203211.2
2) Two days235712.9
3) Three days16198.9
4) Four days9545.2
5) Five days5342.9
6) Six days1771.0
7) Every day224012.3
9) DK/NA how often; DK/NA if ever discuss; NA how often discuss in general; DK how often discuss in general (1992, 1994); no Post IW13327.3
Missing29220
Total18218100.0
536) Reported Pre vote intention/reported Post vote -- President (VCF0734)
 TOTAL%
0) NA who will vote for; no Pre IW; no Post IW; DK/NA if will vote; refused to say who will vote for; will vote, but not for president; R does not intend to vote; DK/NA who voted for; R refused to say if voted; DK/NA if voted; refused to say who voted for; voted, but not for president813430.4
1) INTENDED Democratic: voted Democratic652124.4
2) INTENDED undecided: voted Democratic; INTENDED "other" party: VOTED Democratic6512.4
3) INTENDED Republican: voted Democratic3851.4
4) INTENDED Democratic: did not vote/voted "other" party11704.4
5) INTENDED undecided: did not vote/voted "other" party; INTENDED "other" party: did not vote/voted "other" party8153.1
6) INTENDED Republican: did not vote/voted "other" party9733.6
7) INTENDED Democratic: voted Republican3981.5
8) INTENDED undecided: voted Republican; INTENDED "other" party: voted Republican6392.4
9) INTENDED Republican: voted Republican702826.3
Missing20724
Total26714100.0
537) Candidate code of House vote (VCF0735)
 TOTAL%
0) R did not vote; NA/DK if voted; refused to say if voted; voted but not for House of Representatives; DK/NA if voted for House of Representatives1062541.5
31) (If R voted in district of interview) Districts w/no incumbent running: Democratic candidate7032.7
32) (If R voted in district of interview) Districts w/no incumbent running: Republican candidate7232.8
33) (If R voted in district of interview) Districts w/running incumbent: Democratic incumbent513620.1
34) (If R voted in district of interview) Districts w/running incumbent: Republican incumbent355413.9
35) (If R voted in district of interview) Districts w/running incumbent: Democratic candidate11574.5
36) (If R voted in district of interview) Districts w/running incumbent: Republican candidate14285.6
39) (If R voted in district of interview) Districts w/running incumbent: Independent/minor party incumbent20.0
81) (If R voted outside district of interview) Districts w/no incumbent running: Democratic candidate70.0
82) (If R voted outside district of interview) Districts w/no incumbent running: Republican candidate110.0
83) (If R voted outside district of interview) Districts w/running incumbent: Democratic incumbent400.2
84) (If R voted outside district of interview) Districts w/running incumbent: Republican incumbent340.1
85) (If R voted outside district of interview) Districts w/running incumbent: Democratic challenger90.0
86) (If R voted outside district of interview) Districts w/running incumbent: Republican challenger180.1
91) (If R voted outside district of interview, all ‘outside' districts) DEMOCRAT -- no name given300.1
92) (If R voted outside district of interview, all ‘outside' districts) REPUBLICAN--no name given370.1
97) ALL DISTRICTS: Non-incumbent minor party candidate; non-incumbent independent candidate; name given not on candidate list for race3021.2
98) DK; refused to name candidate3061.2
99) NA; District of Columbia (1982, 1986, 1996); write-in candidate (1982); Louisiana (1978, 1980, 1982, 1986); Florida (1978); no Post IW14725.8
Missing21844
Total25594100.0
538) Congressional vote: including "other" (see also: VCF0707) (VCF0736)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; R did not vote; R refused to say if voted; DK/NA if voted; refused to say who voted for name given by R not on candidate list (1978-1988); Washington D.C.; no Post IW; voted, but not for House of Representatives; DK/NA if voted for House of Representatives; forms III, IV (1972); special districts with no House race in 1978 (LA03, LA07, FL08, FL10); special districts with no House race in 1980 (LA03, LA07); special districts with no House race in 1982 (LA05, LA07); special district with no House race in 1986 (LA04)2161147.4
1) Democrat1318928.9
5) Republican1055623.1
7) Other2810.6
Missing1801
Total45637100.0
539) Were you registered to vote in this election? (VCF0737)
 TOTAL%
1) No515218.3
2) Yes (includes Rs who reported voting)2033972.2
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington, D.C.; NA if R voted; DK if R voted (1982 only); abbrev. telephone IW (1984)26649.5
Missing19283
Total28155100.0
540) Were you registered in this election as being a Republican, a Democrat, an Independent or what? (VCF0738)
 TOTAL%
0) R was not registered211221.6
1) Democratic party333534.1
5) Republican party192219.7
6) Voters: not required to declare party (VOLUNTEERED); voters: not required to register (VOLUNTEERED); non-voters: registered, not required to declare party (VOLUNTEERED)6807.0
7) Independent8348.5
8) Other party280.3
9) DK; absentee voter; NA; nonvoter who declares that voters are not required to register; NA if voted; refused to say if voted; DK if registered; NA if registered; R voted but stated s/he was not registered (Volunteered: 3 cases in 1978, 1 case in 1980, 5 cases in 1982, 1 case in 1984, 2 cases in 1986); no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)8588.8
Missing37669
Total9769100.0
541) (IF R IS REGISTERED) Are you registered as being a Republican, a Democrat or anything else? (VCF0738A)
 TOTAL%
0) R was not registered77015.5
1) Democratic party126025.4
5) Republican party80516.3
6) No party/none (1976 also includes: none required)64313.0
8) Other360.7
9) DK; NA; DK/NA if R registered; form II (1972)143929.1
Missing42485
Total4953100.0
542) Now for a few questions about giving money during this last election campaign. Did you use the one dollar check-off option on your Federal income tax return to make a political contribution this year? (VCF0739)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)204614.6
1) Yes354425.4
2) No838060.0
Missing33468
Total13970100.0
543) Did you give money to a political party during this election year? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0740)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)18348.3
1) Yes11395.2
2) No1909986.5
Missing25366
Total22072100.0
544) Did you give any money to any other group that supported or opposed candidates? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0741)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)17219.0
1) Yes8234.3
2) No1648786.6
Missing28407
Total19031100.0
545) During an election year people are often asked to make a contribution to support campaigns. Did you give money to an individual candidate running for public office? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0742)
 TOTAL%
0) DK; NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)18428.4
1) Yes12495.7
2) No1895486.0
Missing25393
Total22045100.0
546) Do you belong to any political club or organization? (VCF0743)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes5243.3
5) No1471591.3
9) DK; NA; no Post IW8715.4
Missing31328
Total16110100.0
547) Do you have access to the Internet or the World Wide Web ("the Web")? (VCF0744)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes268844.7
5) No273945.5
9) DK; NA; no Post IW5879.8
Missing41424
Total6014100.0
548) (IF R HAS ACCESS TO THE INTERNET/WEB:) Have you seen any information about this election campaign on (the Internet/the Web)? (VCF0745)
 TOTAL%
0) R does not have access273945.5
1) Yes118919.8
5) No149924.9
9) DK; NA; DK/NA if has access; no Post IW5879.8
Missing41424
Total6014100.0
549) Were there any groups concerned with moral or religious issues that tried to encourage you to vote in a particular way? (VCF0746)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, there were groups57111.9
5) No, no groups tried to encourage378978.9
9) DK; NA; no Post IW4429.2
Missing42636
Total4802100.0
550) Was information about candidates, parties, or political issues made available in your place of worship before the election? (VCF0747)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes51410.7
5) No, no information available317966.2
7) No, don't attend church [VOL]63213.2
9) DK; NA; no Post IW4779.9
Missing42636
Total4802100.0
551) Did you vote on election day -- that is [date of election] or did you vote at some time before this? (VCF0748)
 TOTAL%
1) On election day501853.8
5) Some time before8649.3
9) DK; NA; R did not vote; no Post IW343836.9
Missing38118
Total9320100.0
552) (IF R VOTED BEFORE ELECTION DAY:) How long before [date of election] did you vote? (VCF0749)
 TOTAL%
1) Less than one week, 1-6 days2352.5
2) One week; 7 days2492.7
3) 1-2 weeks; 8-14 days2302.5
4) 2-3 weeks; 15-21 days430.5
5) 3-4 weeks; 22-28 days60.1
6) One month; 29-31 days90.1
7) More than one month; 32-60 days60.1
11) A few days; a couple of days; several days -- NFS310.3
12) A few weeks; a couple of weeks; several weeks -- NFS180.2
91) More than a few days -- NFS30.0
92) More than a few weeks --NFS00.0
97) Other20.0
99) DK; NA; R did not vote; R did not vote before election day or DK/NA if voted before election day; no Post IW848891.1
Missing38118
Total9320100.0
553) (IF R VOTED BEFORE ELECTION DAY:) Did you vote in person or by absentee ballot? (VCF0750)
 TOTAL%
1) In person363726.5
5) Absentee ballot6704.9
7) R volunteers: by mail [OREGON ONLY]420.3
9) DK; NA; R did not vote; R did not vote prior to election day; no Post IW935468.3
Missing33735
Total13703100.0
554) Liberal/conservative index (constructed from VCF0211 and VCF0212) (VCF0801)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3574460.1722.42
555) Here is a 7-point scale on which the political views that people might hold are arranged from extremely liberal to extremely conservative. Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much about this? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0803)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972); R not administered 7-pt scale series (2000)18595.8
1) Extremely liberal4781.5
2) Liberal22617.0
3) Slightly liberal27978.7
4) Moderate, middle of the road751323.4
5) Slightly conservative427513.3
6) Conservative403212.6
7) Extremely conservative7072.2
9) DK; haven't thought much about it820025.5
Missing15316
Total32122100.0
556) Here is a 7-point scale on which the political views that people might hold are arranged from extremely liberal to extremely conservative. Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much about this? (collapsed scale) (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0804)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form III, IV (1972)18595.8
1) Liberal553617.2
2) Moderate, middle of the road751323.4
3) Conservative901428.1
9) DK; haven't thought much about it820025.5
Missing15316
Total32122100.0
557) Some say the government in Washington ought to help people get doctors and hospital care at low cost; others say the government should not get into this. Have you been interested enough in this to favor one side over the other? (IF YES) What is your position? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0805)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW520.7
1) Opinion: help people get doctors and hospital care at low cost401654.5
2) Opinion: stay out of this184725.1
9) No opinion; DK; not sure; depends; no interest; both; other145319.7
Missing40070
Total7368100.0
558) Some people feel there should be a government insurance plan which would cover all medical and hospital expenses for everyone. Others feel that medical expenses should be paid by individuals and through private insurance. Where would you place yourself on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0806)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; Form II (1972); no Post IW; telephone IW354816.1
1) Government insurance plan355916.1
2) 16467.5
3) 17668.0
4) 282912.8
5) 18528.4
6) 16657.5
7) Private insurance plan259111.7
9) DK; haven't thought much about it261811.9
Missing25364
Total22074100.0
559) Some people feel the government in Washington should see to it that every person has A JOB AND A GOOD STANDARD OF LIVING. Others think the government should just LET EACH PERSON GET AHEAD ON THEIR OWN. Which is closer to the way you feel? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0808)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW; no Post IW2122.3
1) Yes, government should see to it that every person has a job and a good standard of living375141.5
2) Yes, should let each person get ahead on his own316635.1
9) Depends; other; both; no opinion; DK; no interest; haven't thought much about this (2002)190321.1
Missing38406
Total9032100.0
560) Some people feel that the government in Washington should see to it that every person has a job and a good standard of living. Others think the government should just let each person get ahead on his/their own. Where would you place yourself on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0809)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form A (1986); telephone IW (2000)24988.2
1) Government see to job and good standard of living27459.0
2) 17805.8
3) 26678.7
4) 544517.8
5) 422813.8
6) 357311.7
7) Government let each person get ahead on his own384912.6
9) DK; haven't thought much about it382612.5
Missing16827
Total30611100.0
561) There is much discussion about the best way to deal with the problem of urban unrest and rioting. Some say it is more important to use all available force to maintain law and order -- no matter what results. Others say it is more important to correct the problems of poverty and unemployment that give rise to the disturbances. Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much about this? (VCF0811)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form I, III (1972); short form or Spanish language (1992)243620.2
1) Solve problems of poverty and unemployment209617.4
2) 10618.8
3) 10598.8
4) 195916.2
5) 7476.2
6) 4974.1
7) Use all available force9698.0
9) DK; haven't thought much about it125310.4
Missing35361
Total12077100.0
562) How much real change do you think there has been in the position of black people in the past few years: a lot, some, or not much at all? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0813)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; telephone IW (1984); form A (1986); form B (1990)466019.7
1) Not much at all275111.7
2) Some757032.1
3) A lot823634.9
9) DK; depends3951.7
Missing23826
Total23612100.0
563) Some say that the civil rights people have been trying to push too fast. Others feel they haven't pushed fast enough. Do you think that civil rights leaders are trying to push too fast, are going too slowly, or are they moving about the right speed? (VCF0814)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; telephone IW (1984); form A (1986); form B (1990)508320.3
1) Too slowly20448.2
2) About right (1968 only: pro-con)873734.9
3) Too fast814632.6
9) DK; depends; other9964.0
Missing22432
Total25006100.0
564) Are you in favor of desegregation, strict segregation, or something in between? (VCF0815)
 TOTAL%
0) NA9037.6
1) Desegregation410534.5
2) In between521243.8
3) Strict segregation136611.5
9) Don't know3062.6
Missing35546
Total11892100.0
565) Some people say that the government in Washington should see to it that white and black children go to the same schools. Others claim this is not the government's business. Have you been interested enough about this to favor one side over the other? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0816)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; Form A (1986); form B (1990); no Post IW318312.9
1) Yes, R has an opinion: see to it that white and black children go (1962-1970: are allowed to go) to the same schools739629.9
2) Yes, R has an opinion: stay out of this area (except 1962: as it is none of government's business)792632.1
9) No, no opinion; DK; depends; no interest/concern; other; both; pro-con621825.2
Missing22715
Total24723100.0
566) Some people think achieving racial integration of schools is so important that it justifies busing children to schools out of their own neighborhoods. Others think letting children go to their neighborhood schools is so important that they oppose busing. Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much about this? (VCF0817)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; telephone IW156215.0
1) Bus to achieve integration3603.5
2) 1811.7
3) 1981.9
4) 4904.7
5) 4103.9
6) 9228.9
7) Keep children in neighborhood schools548252.7
9) DK; haven't thought much about it7947.6
Missing37039
Total10399100.0
567) If Negroes are not getting fair treatment in jobs and housing, the government should see to it that they do. Do you have an opinion on this or not? (IF YES:) Do you think the government should do this? (VCF0818)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly197344.9
2) Agree but not very strongly76317.4
3) Not sure; depends; DK; no opinion81618.6
4) Disagree but not very strongly2475.6
5) Disagree strongly55512.6
9) NA390.9
Missing43045
Total4393100.0
568) Some people say that Negroes should be allowed to live in any part of town they want to. How do you feel? Should Negroes be allowed to live in any part of town they want to, or not? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0819)
 TOTAL%
0) NA7446.8
1) White people have a right to keep Negroes out of their neighborhoods if they want to192417.7
2) Negroes have a right to live wherever they can afford to, just like anybody else713365.6
9) DK; depends; can't decide; both10789.9
Missing36559
Total10879100.0
569) How about white people in this area? How many would you say are in favor of strict segregation of the races – all of them, most of them, about half, less than half of them, or none of them? (VCF0820)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no whites in respondent's area; respondents erroneously not asked this question (1964)116812.2
1) None of them4634.8
2) Less than half174218.2
3) About half164317.1
4) Most of them247625.8
5) All of them8028.4
9) DK129413.5
Missing37850
Total9588100.0
570) In general, how many of the black people (1964, 1968, 1970: Negroes) in this area would you say are in favor of desegregation – all of them, most of them, about half, less than half of them, or none of them? (VCF0821)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Blacks in respondent's area344235.9
1) None of them2112.2
2) Less than half7397.7
3) About half104810.9
4) Most of them154816.1
5) All of them108111.3
9) DK151915.8
Missing37850
Total9588100.0
571) As to the economic policy of the government -- I mean steps taken to fight inflation or unemployment – would you say the government is doing a good job, only fair, or a poor job? (VCF0822)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; Form II, III, IV (1972); no Post IW194829.8
1) Poor job144722.2
2) Only fair234736.0
3) Good job4867.4
9) DK3004.6
Missing40910
Total6528100.0
572) Do you agree or disagree with this statement. 'This country would be better off if we just stayed home and did not concern ourselves with problems in other parts of the world.' (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0823)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW; no Post IW; telephone IW (1984: see v.15); form B (1986); form A (1990); non-comparable question format (2000)523516.0
1) Agree (1956-1960: incl. 'agree strongly' and 'agree but not strongly')658620.1
2) Disagree (1956-1960: incl. 'disagree strongly' and 'disagree but not strongly')1944459.3
9) DK; depends; not sure; no opinion, can't say; refused to say15104.6
Missing14663
Total32775100.0
573) Here is a 7-point scale on which the political views that people might hold are arranged from extremely liberal to extremely conservative. Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much about this? If you had to choose, would you consider yourself a liberal or a conservative? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0824)
 TOTAL%
0) R has made choice on 7-pt scale VCF0803 (1984, 1986, 1990); R has made choice on VCF0803 7-pt scale other than 'moderate' (1988, 1992 and later); R not administered 7-pt scale series (2000); no Post IW1277663.1
1) Liberal17608.7
3) Moderate ('middle of the road')12256.0
5) Conservative280913.9
7) R refuses to choose4832.4
8) DK10835.3
9) NA in either question1220.6
Missing27180
Total20258100.0
574) How about the chances of our country getting into a bigger war? Compared to a few years ago, do you think we are more likely, less likely, or have about the same chances to get into a bigger war? (VCF0825)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; Form II (1972)203328.8
1) Less likely130218.4
2) About the same chances171024.2
3) More likely140920.0
9) DK; depends6068.6
Missing40378
Total7060100.0
575) 1952: Do you think we did the right thing in getting into the fighting in Korea two years ago or should we have stayed out? 1968, 1972: Do you think we did the right thing in getting into the fighting in Vietnam or should we have stayed out? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0826)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW; no Post IW; refused to answer (1966)3253.1
1) No, should have stayed out454943.2
2) Yes, did right thing352533.5
8) DK145213.8
9) Depends (1964-1972); both (1964-1972); other (1964, 1972); pro-con (1952); have not paid attention (1964, 1966)6796.4
Missing36908
Total10530100.0
576) 1952: Which of the following things do you think it would be best for us to do now in Korea? 1964-1970: Which of the following do you think we should do now in Vietnam? (VCF0827)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW; no Post IW3104.0
1) Pull out entirely120115.3
2) Keep trying to get a peaceful settlement (1952); keep our soldiers in Vietnam but try to end the fighting (1964-1970)267634.2
3) Take a stronger stand (1952: and bomb Manchuria and China; 1964: even if it means invading North Vietnam)247231.6
9) DK; depends; pro-con; no opinion; other; have not paid attention (1964, 1966 only)116614.9
Missing39613
Total7825100.0
577) Some people think we should do everything necessary to win a complete military victory, no matter what results. Some people think we should withdraw completely from Vietnam right now, no matter what results. And, of course, other people have opinions somewhere between these two extreme positions. At what point on the scale would you place yourself on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0827A)
 TOTAL%
0) Haven't thought much about it (1972 only)1552.7
1) Immediate withdrawal96616.7
2) 4457.7
3) 5689.8
4) 129722.5
5) 5419.4
6) 3516.1
7) Complete military victory80514.0
8) DK1763.1
9) NA; no Post IW; assigned to Post administration and no Post IW (1972)4658.1
Missing41669
Total5769100.0
578) How do you feel -- should military spending be cut, or should it continue at least at the present level? (VCF0828)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form II, IV (1972)155231.3
1) Cut military spending79716.1
2) Continue spending at least at present level237447.9
9) DK; depends; pro-con; other2304.6
Missing42485
Total4953100.0
579) Do you think the government is too powerful or do you think the government is not getting too strong? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0829)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; Form I (1972); no Post IW; telephone IW (1984: see v.15)374716.0
1) Opinion: the government has not gotten too strong442518.9
2) Opinion: the government is getting too powerful778633.3
9) DK; depends; other; pro-con; no interest; no opinion742831.8
Missing24052
Total23386100.0
580) Where would you place yourself on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0830)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; telephone IW (2000); no Post IW17575.5
1) Government should help minority groups/blacks24867.7
2) 16875.3
3) 30059.4
4) 708622.1
5) 425913.3
6) 371311.6
7) Minority groups/ blacks should help themselves479714.9
9) DK; haven't thought much about it332810.4
Missing15320
Total32118100.0
581) Some people are primarily concerned with doing everything possible to protect the legal rights of those accused of committing crimes. Others feel that it is more important to stop criminal activity even at the risk of reducing the rights of the accused. Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much about this? (VCF0832)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW5245.1
1) Protect rights of accused143613.9
2) 6626.4
3) 6606.4
4) 150314.5
5) 123011.9
6) 107710.4
7) Stop crime regardless of rights of accused174216.8
9) DK; haven't thought much about it150514.6
Missing37099
Total10339100.0
582) Do you approve or disapprove of the Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0833)
 TOTAL%
1) Approve321552.1
5) Disapprove137422.3
8) DK96815.7
9) NA; no Post IW6099.9
Missing41272
Total6166100.0
583) Where would you place yourself on this scale or haven't you thought much about this? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0834)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; telephone IW (2000)25378.9
1) Women and men should have an equal role1050436.9
2) 332011.7
3) 20597.2
4) 410714.4
5) 14835.2
6) 9673.4
7) Women's place is in the home19036.7
9) DK; haven't thought much about it15555.5
Missing19003
Total28435100.0
584) Do you agree or disagree with each of these two statements: 'Women should stay out of politics' (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0836)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW or Post is not form B (1952: see v.15)134129.1
1) Agree (1952: incl. "agree quite a bit" and "agree a little")70115.2
2) Disagree (1952: incl. "disagree quite a bit" and "disagree a little")253255.0
9) DK300.7
Missing42834
Total4604100.0
585) Still on the subject of women's rights, there has been some discussion about abortion during recent years. Which one of the opinions on this page best agrees with your view? You can just tell me the number of the opinion you choose. (VCF0837)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW6096.9
1) Abortion should never be permitted.8719.8
2) Abortion should be permitted only if the life and health of the woman is in danger.364641.1
3) Abortion should be permitted if, due to personal reasons, the woman would have difficulty in caring for the child.136415.4
4) Abortion should never be forbidden, since one should not require a woman to have a child she doesn't want.210923.8
9) DK; other2723.1
Missing38567
Total8871100.0
586) There has been some discussion about abortion during recent years. Which one of the opinions on this page best agrees with your view? You can just tell me the number of the opinion you choose. (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0838)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW3111.4
1) By law, abortion should never be permitted.259711.9
2) The law should permit abortion only in case of rape, incest, or when the woman's life is in danger.643029.5
3) The law should permit abortion for reasons other than rape, incest, or danger to the woman's life, but only after the need for the abortion has been clearly established.355016.3
4) By law, a woman should always be able to obtain an abortion as a matter of personal choice.842638.7
9) DK; other4652.1
Missing25659
Total21779100.0
587) Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much about this? (VCF0839)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; telephone IW (2000)9094.5
1) Government should provide many fewer services: reduce spending a lot10935.4
2) 15837.9
3) 253212.6
4) 477323.7
5) 295214.6
6) 17938.9
7) Government should provide many more services: increase spending a lot16178.0
9) DK; haven't thought much about it291314.4
Missing27273
Total20165100.0
588) A law has been proposed that would limit members of Congress to no more than 12 consecutive years of service in that office. Do you favor or oppose such a law? (VCF0840)
 TOTAL%
1) Favor400972.1
5) Oppose107919.4
8) DK; other (1994, 1998)2714.9
9) NA; short version or Spanish language questionnaire (1992)2023.6
Missing41877
Total5561100.0
589) Some people feel it is important for us to try to cooperate more with Russia, while others believe we should be much tougher in our dealings with Russia. Where would you place yourself on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0841)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW2763.4
1) Cooperate more/try to get along with Russia7859.7
2) 7098.8
3) 94811.7
4) 160519.8
5) 104012.9
6) 7849.7
7) Get much tougher/big mistake to try to get along with Russia83810.4
9) DK; haven't thought much about it110213.6
Missing39351
Total8087100.0
590) Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much about this? (see ARDA summary page for full question wording) (VCF0842)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; telephone IW (2000)80716.8
1) Much tougher regulations to protect the environment61212.7
2) 58312.1
3) 63513.2
4) 72215.0
5) 3567.4
6) 2044.2
7) Regulations already too much of a burden on business1402.9
9) DK; haven't thought much about it74315.5
Missing42636
Total4802100.0
591) Some people believe that we should spend much less money for defense. Others feel that defense spending should be greatly increased. Where would you place yourself on this scale or haven't you thought much about this? (see ARDA summary page for full question wording) (VCF0843)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; telephone IW (2000)9204.5
1) Greatly decrease defense spending14477.1
2) 16998.3
3) 251512.3
4) 528625.8
5) 316315.4
6) 16358.0
7) Greatly increase defense spending.12195.9
9) DK; haven't thought much about it261412.8
Missing26940
Total20498100.0
592) In the future, how willing should the United States be to use military force to solve international problems -- extremely willing, very willing, somewhat willing, not very willing, or never willing (VCF0844)
 TOTAL%
1) Extremely willing3736.8
2) Very willing98317.9
3) Somewhat willing298454.5
4) Not very willing90216.5
5) Never willing1532.8
8) DK761.4
9) NA90.2
Missing41958
Total5480100.0
593) Here are four statements about the Bible and I'd like you to tell me which is closest to your own view. (STATEMENTS SHOWN TO R) (VCF0845)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); form A (1990)203215.4
1) The Bible is God's word and all it says is true548441.6
2) The Bible was written by men inspired by God but it contains some human errors.445633.8
3) The Bible is a good book because it was written by wise men, but God had nothing to do with it.6474.9
4) The Bible was written by men who lived so long ago that it is worth very little today.2211.7
9) DK; other3552.7
Missing34243
Total13195100.0
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594) Do you consider religion to be an important part of your life, or not? (VCF0846)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984, see VCF0015); form B (1986); short form or Spanish language (1992)21589.9
1) Yes, important1524769.7
2) No, not important438820.1
8) DK790.4
Missing25566
Total21872100.0
595) (IF RELIGION IS IMPORTANT:) Would you say your religion provides some guidance in your day-to-day living, quite a bit of guidance, or a great deal of guidance in your life? (VCF0847)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; DK/NA if religion important in R's life; form B (1986); no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form or Spanish language (1992)226310.3
1) Some370917.0
2) Quite a bit436620.0
3) A great deal712632.6
5) Religion not important438820.1
8) DK200.1
Missing25566
Total21872100.0
596) How worried are you about our country getting into a conventional war at this time, one in which nuclear weapons are not used? Are you very worried, somewhat worried, or not worried at all? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0848)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Pre IW; no Post IW; form B (1986); form A (1990); telephone IW (2000)371418.4
1) Not worried610830.3
2) Somewhat worried734036.4
3) Very worried (1956-1982: pretty worried)291014.4
9) DK1160.6
Missing27250
Total20188100.0
597) How worried are you about our country getting into a nuclear war at this time? Are you very worried, somewhat worried, or not worried at all? (VCF0848A)
 TOTAL%
1) Not worried207717.2
3) Somewhat worried349028.9
5) Very worried405833.6
8) DK00.0
9) NA; Form A (1990); no Post IW; personal IW (2000)245520.3
Missing35358
Total12080100.0
598) Here is a 7-point scale on which the political views that people might hold are arranged from extremely liberal to extremely conservative. Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you thought much about this? If you had to choose, would you consider yourself a liberal or a conservative? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0849)
 TOTAL%
0) NA to follow-up; R not administered 7-pt scale series (2000); no Post IW2131.1
1) Liberal534126.4
3) Moderate ('middle of the road')329816.3
5) Conservative892544.2
6) Refuses to choose (in follow-up [exc. 1988 moderates]), don't know13866.9
9) NA to entire question10305.1
Missing27245
Total20193100.0
599) Which of these statements comes closest to describing your feelings about the Bible? You can just give me the number of your choice. (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0850)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; form B (1990); short form or Spanish language questionnaire (1992)128510.5
1) The Bible is the actual Word of God and is to be taken literally, word for word408633.3
2) The Bible is the Word of God but not everything in it should be taken literally, word for word514841.9
3) The Bible is a book written by men and is not the Word of God149912.2
9) Other; DK2562.1
Missing35164
Total12274100.0
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600) 'The newer lifestyles are contributing to the breakdown of our society.' Do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat, or disagree strongly with this statement? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0851)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly473828.7
2) Agree somewhat498530.2
3) Neither agree nor disagree200512.2
4) Disagree somewhat16229.8
5) Disagree strongly8315.0
8) DK1651.0
9) NA; Form B (1990); no Post IW214413.0
Missing30948
Total16490100.0
601) 'The world is always changing and we should adjust our view of moral behavior to those changes.' Do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat, or disagree strongly with this statement? (VCF0852)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly194611.8
2) Agree somewhat442926.9
3) Neither agree nor disagree14468.8
4) Disagree somewhat308218.7
5) Disagree strongly335420.3
8) DK920.6
9) NA; Form B (1990); no Post IW214113.0
Missing30948
Total16490100.0
602) 'This country would have many fewer problems if there were more emphasis on traditional family ties.' Do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat, or disagree strongly with this statement? (VCF0853)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly720243.7
2) Agree somewhat457127.7
3) Neither agree nor disagree13148.0
4) Disagree somewhat8705.3
5) Disagree strongly3091.9
8) DK870.5
9) NA; Form B (1990); no Post IW213713.0
Missing30948
Total16490100.0
603) 'We should be more tolerant of people who choose to live according to their own moral standards, even if they are very different from our own.' Do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat, or disagree strongly with this statement? (VCF0854)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly305718.5
2) Agree somewhat561334.0
3) Neither agree nor disagree204712.4
4) Disagree somewhat226113.7
5) Disagree strongly12537.6
8) DK1150.7
9) NA; Form B (1990); no Post IW214413.0
Missing30948
Total16490100.0
604) Is this neighborhood you live in all white, mostly white, about half and half, mostly black, or all black? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0860)
 TOTAL%
0) NA7357.7
1) All white546457.0
2) Mostly white210622.0
3) About half and half5105.3
4) Mostly Negro/black4534.7
5) All Negro/black2712.8
8) DK490.5
Missing37850
Total9588100.0
605) Is the grade school nearest you all white, mostly white, about half and half, mostly black, or all black? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0861)
 TOTAL%
0) NA7417.7
1) All white310032.3
2) Mostly white322333.6
3) About half and half9069.4
4) Mostly Negro/black4895.1
5) All Negro/black1791.9
8) DK9509.9
Missing37850
Total9588100.0
606) Is the junior high school nearest you: [CHOICES] (VCF0862)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no junior high in area (1964, 1968)87218.8
1) All white124126.8
2) Mostly white144831.2
3) About half and half2585.6
4) Mostly Negro/black1864.0
5) All Negro/black1002.2
8) DK53011.4
Missing42803
Total4635100.0
607) Is the high school nearest you all white, mostly white, about half and half, mostly black, or all black? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0863)
 TOTAL%
0) NA73610.0
1) All white171623.4
2) Mostly white271737.0
3) About half and half81011.0
4) Mostly Negro/black3675.0
5) All Negro/black1331.8
8) DK86111.7
Missing40098
Total7340100.0
608) Are the people who work where you work all white, mostly white, about half and half, mostly black, or all black? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0864)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; R doesn't work; R works alone (1968, 1972)347847.4
1) All white160321.8
2) Mostly white161121.9
3) About half and half4466.1
4) Mostly Negro/black1401.9
5) All Negro/black440.6
8) DK180.2
Missing40098
Total7340100.0
609) Are the people who shop and trade where you do all white, mostly white, about half and half, mostly black, or all black? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0865)
 TOTAL%
0) NA73310.0
1) All white166222.6
2) Mostly white354448.3
3) About half and half118216.1
4) Mostly Negro/black1592.2
5) All Negro/black220.3
8) DK380.5
Missing40098
Total7340100.0
610) Are your friends all white, mostly white, about half and half, mostly black, or all black? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0866)
 TOTAL%
0) NA7517.8
1) All white492151.3
2) Mostly white274628.6
3) About half and half5195.4
4) Mostly Negro/black4134.3
5) All Negro/black2182.3
8) DK200.2
Missing37850
Total9588100.0
611) What about your opinion--are you for or against preferential hiring and promotion of blacks? (VCF0867)
 TOTAL%
1) For206514.3
5) Against896262.0
8) DK; 1990-1994: refused; 1996 and later: other6914.8
9) NA; Form A (1986); form B (1990); no Post IW273218.9
Missing32988
Total14450100.0
612) What about your opinion--are you for or against preferential hiring and promotion of blacks? (IF FAVOR:) Do you favor preference in hiring and promotion strongly or not strongly? (IF OPPOSE:) Do you oppose preference in hiring and promotion strongly or not strongly? (VCF0867A)
 TOTAL%
1) Favor strongly12228.5
2) Favor not strongly8345.8
4) Oppose not strongly220815.3
5) Oppose strongly669546.3
7) DK if favor/oppose; 1990-1994: refused; 1996 and later: other (in VCF0867)6914.8
8) Favor/oppose but DK if strongly or not strongly160.1
9) NA if strongly or not strongly; NA whether favor or oppose (VCF0867); Form A (1986); form B (1990); no Post IW278219.3
Missing32990
Total14448100.0
613) Would you say that over the past year the nation's economy has gotten better, stayed about the same or gotten worse? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0870)
 TOTAL%
0) NA580.2
1) Better513422.0
3) Stayed same738231.7
5) Worse1022843.9
8) DK4882.1
Missing24148
Total23290100.0
614) Would you say that over the past year the nation's economy has gotten better, stayed about the same or gotten worse? (IF BETTER:) Would you say much better or somewhat better? (IF WORSE:) Would you say much worse or somewhat worse? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0871)
 TOTAL%
0) DK/NA if better or worse5262.3
1) Much better9674.2
2) Somewhat better415917.9
3) Stayed same738231.7
4) Somewhat worse572924.6
5) Much worse446619.2
8) DK much or somewhat better/worse320.1
9) NA much or somewhat better/worse290.1
Missing24148
Total23290100.0
615) What about the next 12 months? Do you expect the economy to get better, get worse, or stay about the same? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0872)
 TOTAL%
1) Get better535124.6
3) Stay about the same1028947.2
5) Get worse486122.3
8) DK; RF; depends (1990)11715.4
9) NA1070.5
Missing25659
Total21779100.0
616) In the past year did you (or anyone in your family living here/there) put off medical or dental treatment because you didn't have the money? (VCF0873)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes269228.2
5) No652468.3
8) DK170.2
9) NA; short form or spanish-language questionnaire (1992); R selected for Post administration and no Post IW (2000)3233.4
Missing37882
Total9556100.0
617) What do you think are the most important problems facing this country? (IF MORE THAN ONE PROBLEM:) Of those you've mentioned, what would you say is the single most important problem the country faces? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0875)
 TOTAL%
0) None; "there were no issues;" "there was no campaign in my district" (non-presidential years); DK (1960, 1964, 1966 only)23796.5
1) AGRICULTURAL3000.8
2) ECONOMICS; BUSINESS; CONSUMER ISSUES (includes foreign investment, tariffs/protection of U.S. industries, international trade deficit/balance of payments, immigration, interstate commerce/transportation; does not include unemployment [09], defense spending [03],foreign [03] or government spending on domestic social welfare [09])902324.7
3) FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND NATIONAL DEFENSE (includes: foreign aid, defense spending, the space program; does not include: international trade deficit [02])680418.6
4) GOVERNMENT FUNCTIONING (not "the economy" [02])10322.8
5) LABOR ISSUES (not unemployment [09])1100.3
6) NATURAL RESOURCES5481.5
7) PUBLIC ORDER (includes: crime, drugs, civil liberties and nonracial civil rights, women's rights, abortion rights, gun control, family/social/religious/moral 'decay,' church and state, etc.)371910.2
8) RACIAL PROBLEMS (note: this primarily includes civil rights issues and racial equality; monetary assistance to minorities is primarily found in code 9, however there is a slight overlap)8672.4
9) SOCIAL WELFARE (includes: population, child care, aid to education, the elderly, health care, housing, poverty, unemployment, 'welfare' etc.)687718.8
97) Other problems (incl. specific campaign issues)1170.3
98) DK (exc. 1960, 1964, 1966)930.3
99) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); Form I, III or IV (1972); no Pre IW; short form IW (1992); question not administered in assigned half sample (1996, 2000)463712.7
Missing10932
Total36506100.0
618) Most important national problem (mention 2) (VCF0875A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total9812380.67287.94
619) Most important national problem (mention 3) (VCF0875B)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total26694308.32266.91
620) Do you favor or oppose laws to protect homosexuals against job discrimination? (VCF0876)
 TOTAL%
1) Favor480351.9
5) Oppose280830.3
8) DK; depends (1988)4204.5
9) NA; no Post IW122713.3
Missing38180
Total9258100.0
621) Do you favor or oppose laws to protect homosexuals against job discrimination? Do you favor/oppose such laws strongly or not strongly? (VCF0876A)
 TOTAL%
1) Favor strongly279730.2
2) Favor not strongly200221.6
4) Oppose not strongly105211.4
5) Oppose strongly173918.8
7) DK if favor or oppose; depends (1988); DK if favor/oppose strongly or not strongly4294.6
9) NA if favor or oppose; NA if favor/oppose strongly or not strongly; no Post IW123913.4
Missing38180
Total9258100.0
622) Do you think homosexuals should be allowed to serve in the United States Armed Forces or don't you think so? (VCF0877)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, think so438660.8
5) Don't think so195427.1
8) DK2513.5
9) NA; no Post IW6278.7
Missing40220
Total7218100.0
623) Do you feel strongly or not strongly that homosexuals should be allowed to serve in the United States Armed forces? Do you feel strongly or not strongly that homosexuals should not be allowed to serve in the United States Armed forces? (VCF0877A)
 TOTAL%
1) Feel strongly should be allowed276938.4
2) Feel not strongly should be allowed160522.2
4) Feel not strongly should not be allowed4406.1
5) Feel strongly should not be allowed150820.9
7) DK if favor or oppose; depends (1988); DK if favor/oppose strongly or not strongly2633.6
9) NA if favor or oppose; NA if favor/oppose strongly or not strongly; no Post IW6318.7
Missing40222
Total7216100.0
624) Do you think gay or lesbian couples, in other words, homosexual couples, should be legally permitted to adopt children? (VCF0878)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes184233.5
5) No296853.9
8) DK2684.9
9) NA; no Post IW4267.7
Missing41934
Total5504100.0
625) Do you think the number of immigrants from foreign countries who are permitted to come to the United States to live should be increased a lot, increased a little, left the same as it is now, decreased a little, or decreased a lot? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0879)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased a lot1762.1
2) Increased a little4124.9
3) Same as now294734.7
4) Decreased a little203924.0
5) Decreased a lot211524.9
8) DK1852.2
9) NA; no Post IW6137.2
Missing38951
Total8487100.0
626) Do you think the number of immigrants from foreign countries who are permitted to come to the United States to live should be increased a lot, increased a little, left the same as it is now, decreased a little, or decreased a lot? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0879A)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased7607.4
3) Same as now373236.3
5) Decreased493948.0
8) DK2452.4
9) NA; no Post IW6186.0
Missing37144
Total10294100.0
627) We are interested in how people are getting along financially these days. Would you say that you and your family living here are better off or worse off financially than you were a year ago? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0880)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form II, III, IV (1972); R assigned to Post administration and no Post IW (2000)30878.2
1) Better Now1244733.0
2) Same (2004: Volunteered)1213432.1
3) Worse Now1008826.7
9) DK; uncertain; depends180.0
Missing9664
Total37774100.0
628) We are interested in how people are getting along financially these days. Would you say that you and your family living here are better off or worse off financially than you were a year ago? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0880A)
 TOTAL%
1) Much better18839.3
2) Somewhat better575628.4
3) Same691834.1
4) Somewhat worse372018.4
5) Much worse16918.3
8) DK110.1
9) NA; DK/NA if better or worse in past year; R assigned to Post administration and no Post IW (2000)2791.4
Missing27180
Total20258100.0
629) During the last few years, has your financial situation been getting better, getting worse, or has it stayed the same? (VCF0880B)
 TOTAL%
1) Getting better219936.9
3) Stayed the same259643.5
5) Getting worse110618.5
8) DK150.3
9) NA480.8
Missing41474
Total5964100.0
630) Now looking ahead--do you think that a year from now you and your family living here will be better off financially or worse off, or just about the same as now? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0881)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; Form B (1986); no Pre IW; no Post IW; form II, III, IV (1972); R assigned to Post administration and no Post IW (2000)631915.0
1) Better off (1956-1960, 1964: get better)1248629.6
2) Same (1956-1960, 1964: stay the way it is)1871044.3
3) Worse off (1956-1960, 1964: get worse)458310.9
9) DK; both; uncertain1290.3
Missing5211
Total42227100.0
631) Should federal spending on [ITEM] be increased, decreased or kept about the same? – aid to poor people (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0886)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased403846.3
2) Same302434.6
3) Decreased or cut out entirely6747.7
8) DK1041.2
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)88910.2
Missing38709
Total8729100.0
632) Federal Spending -- child care (VCF0887)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased776953.4
2) Same493533.9
3) Decreased or cut out entirely12958.9
8) DK2972.0
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)2481.7
Missing32894
Total14544100.0
633) Federal Spending -- dealing with crime (VCF0888)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased803162.8
2) Same352127.5
3) Decreased or cut out entirely5294.1
8) DK1551.2
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)5454.3
Missing34657
Total12781100.0
634) Federal Spending -- AIDS research/fight AIDS (VCF0889)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased742455.7
2) Same421931.6
3) Decreased or cut out entirely11798.8
8) DK2972.2
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)2131.6
Missing34106
Total13332100.0
635) Federal Spending -- public schools (VCF0890)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased1029161.3
2) Same432625.7
3) Decreased or cut out entirely7694.6
8) DK1921.1
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)12237.3
Missing30637
Total16801100.0
636) Federal Spending -- financial aid for college students (VCF0891)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased410848.8
2) Same325938.7
3) Decreased or cut out entirely8189.7
8) DK2032.4
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)270.3
Missing39023
Total8415100.0
637) Federal Spending -- foreign aid (VCF0892)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased6047.3
2) Same308437.5
3) Decreased or cut out entirely420451.1
8) DK1271.5
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)2052.5
Missing39214
Total8224100.0
638) Federal Spending -- the homeless (VCF0893)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased531264.6
2) Same212125.8
3) Decreased or cut out entirely5516.7
8) DK2042.5
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)310.4
Missing39219
Total8219100.0
639) Federal Spending -- welfare programs (VCF0894)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased167715.9
2) Same410539.0
3) Decreased or cut out entirely433641.2
8) DK1881.8
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)2182.1
Missing36914
Total10524100.0
640) Congressional district of interview (VCF0900)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total4244110.0012.88
641) ICPSR state and Congressional district of interview (VCF0900A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total424413,815.712,125.69
642) FIPS state and Congressional district of interview (VCF0900B)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total424412,895.091,721.00
643) Postal code and Congressional district of interview (VCF0900C)
644) State of interview -- ICPSR code (VCF0901)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total4563737.4420.39
645) State of interview -- FIPS code (VCF0901A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total4563728.1415.61
646) State of interview -- state postal code (abbreviation) (VCF0901B)
647) Type of House race (VCF0902)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3092420.5413.94
648) Incumbent candidate -- checkpoint (VCF0903)
 TOTAL%
1) US House Representative is running for re-election in R's district2603984.2
2) US House Representative is NOT running for re-election in R's district ('retiring')336910.9
9) No Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); wrong district identified (2000); Washington D.C.15164.9
Missing16514
Total30924100.0
649) Incumbent opposed/unopposed -- checkpoint (VCF0904)
 TOTAL%
0) No incumbent running in CD338110.9
1) Running incumbent is unopposed512516.6
2) Running incumbent is opposed2112768.3
9) Washington D.C.; no Post IW; wrong district identified (2000)12914.2
Missing16514
Total30924100.0
650) Number of Candidates in House Race: Number of candidates – checkpoint (VCF0905)
 TOTAL%
0) Two incumbents running due to redistricting1470.5
1) Major party candidate, unopposed476915.4
2) Two or more major party candidates2481480.2
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); Washington D.C.; candidate(s) not in major party; wrong district identified (2000)11943.9
Missing16514
Total30924100.0
651) House Democratic candidate -- feeling thermometer (VCF0906)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total25594453.19462.09
652) House Republican candidate -- feeling thermometer (VCF0907)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total25594520.05469.22
653) Running House incumbent candidate -- feeling thermometer (VCF0908)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total25594373.53439.43
654) Challenger to running House incumbent -- feeling thermometer (VCF0909)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total25594670.59449.24
655) Think of [incumbent candidate] (who has been the U.S. Representative/who ran for the U.S. House of Representatives) from this district. Have you come into contact with or learned anything about (him/her) through any of these ways? (VCF0910)
 TOTAL%
0) No incumbent candidate running17959.9
1) Yes1091760.4
5) No, no contact at all310117.2
9) NA; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbreviated IW (1984); short form IW (1992)225612.5
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
656) Which ones? RESPONDENT MET [incumbent] PERSONALLY (VCF0911)
 TOTAL%
0) No incumbent candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"504327.9
1) Yes17789.8
5) No899249.8
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0910); NA VCF0911-917; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)225612.5
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
657) Which ones? RESPONDENT ATTENDED A MEETING OR GATHERING WHERE [incumbent] SPOKE (VCF0912)
 TOTAL%
0) No incumbent candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"504327.9
1) Yes15228.4
5) No924851.2
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0910); NA VCF0911-917; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)225612.5
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
658) Which ones? RESPONDENT TALKED TO A MEMBER OF [incumbent's] STAFF OR SOMEONE IN [incumbent's] OFFICE (VCF0913)
 TOTAL%
0) No incumbent candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"504327.9
1) Yes12006.6
5) No957053.0
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0910); NA VCF0911-917; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)225612.5
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
659) Which ones? RESPONDENT RECEIVED SOMETHING IN MAIL FROM [incumbent] (VCF0914)
 TOTAL%
0) No incumbent candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"504327.9
1) Yes740341.0
5) No336718.6
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0910); NA VCF0911-917; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)225612.5
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
660) Which ones? RESPONDENT READ ABOUT [incumbent] IN A NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINE (VCF0915)
 TOTAL%
0) No incumbent candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"504327.9
1) Yes697838.6
5) No379221.0
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0910); NA VCF0911-917; no Post IW; Washington D.C. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)225612.5
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
661) Which ones? RESPONDENT HEARD [incumbent] ON THE RADIO (VCF0916)
 TOTAL%
0) No incumbent candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"504327.9
1) Yes359019.9
5) No718039.7
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0910); NA VCF0911-917; no Post IW; Washington D.C. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)225612.5
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
662) Which ones? RESPONDENT SAW [incumbent] ON TV (VCF0917)
 TOTAL%
0) No incumbent candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"504327.9
1) Yes671637.2
5) No405422.4
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0910); NA VCF0911-917; no Post IW; Washington D.C. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)225612.5
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
663) Do you know anyone, any of your family, friends or people at work, who have had some contact with [incumbent]? (VCF0918)
 TOTAL%
0) No incumbent candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"187010.3
1) Yes382921.2
5) No1055158.4
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0910); NA VCF0911-917; no Post IW; Washington D.C. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)181910.1
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
664) How about [challenging candidate] who also ran for has been the U.S. House of Representative from this district. Have you come into contact with or learned anything about (him/her) through any of these ways? (VCF0919)
 TOTAL%
0) Incumbent candidate unopposed or not running; challenger not in major party463125.6
1) Yes412822.8
5) No, no contact at all701638.8
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)229412.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
665) Which ones? RESPONDENT MET [challenger] PERSONALLY (VCF0920)
 TOTAL%
0) Incumbent candidate unopposed or not running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"; challenger not in major party1177565.2
1) Yes3441.9
5) No365420.2
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0919); NA VCF0920-926; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone (1984); short form IW (1992)229612.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
666) Which ones? RESPONDENT ATTENDED A MEETING OR GATHERING WHERE [challenger] SPOKE (VCF0921)
 TOTAL%
0) Incumbent candidate unopposed or not running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"; challenger not in major party1177565.2
1) Yes2171.2
5) No378120.9
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0919); NA VCF0920-926; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone (1984); short form IW (1992)229612.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
667) Which ones? RESPONDENT TALKED TO A MEMBER OF [challenger's] STAFF OR SOMEONE IN [challenger's] OFFICE (VCF0922)
 TOTAL%
0) Incumbent candidate unopposed or not running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"; challenger not in major party1177565.2
1) Yes1811.0
5) No381721.1
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0919); NA VCF0920-926; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone (1984); short form IW (1992)229612.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
668) Which ones? RESPONDENT RECEIVED SOMETHING IN MAIL FROM [challenger] (VCF0923)
 TOTAL%
0) Incumbent candidate unopposed or not running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"; challenger not in major party1177565.2
1) Yes15158.4
5) No248313.7
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0919); NA VCF0920-926; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone (1984); short form IW (1992)229612.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
669) Which ones? RESPONDENT READ ABOUT [challenger] IN A NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINE (VCF0924)
 TOTAL%
0) Incumbent candidate unopposed or not running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"; challenger not in major party1177565.2
1) Yes246613.6
5) No15328.5
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0919); NA VCF0920-926; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone (1984); short form IW (1992)229612.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
670) Which ones? RESPONDENT HEARD [challenger] ON THE RADIO (VCF0925)
 TOTAL%
0) Incumbent candidate unopposed or not running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"; challenger not in major party1177565.2
1) Yes11816.5
5) No281715.6
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0919); NA VCF0920-926; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone (1984); short form IW (1992)229612.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
671) Which ones? RESPONDENT SAW [challenger] ON TV (VCF0926)
 TOTAL%
0) Incumbent candidate unopposed or not running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"; challenger not in major party1177565.2
1) Yes235513.0
5) No16439.1
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0919); NA VCF0920-926; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone (1984); short form IW (1992)229612.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
672) Do you know anyone, any of your family, friends or people at work, who have had some contact with [challenger] (VCF0927)
 TOTAL%
0) Incumbent candidate unopposed or not running; challenger not in major party484026.8
1) Yes8814.9
5) No1043557.8
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)191310.6
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
673) Think of [Democratic candidate] [who has been the U.S. Representative from this district/ who ran for the U.S. House of Representatives from this district]. Have you come into contact with or learned anything about (him/her) through any of these ways? (VCF0928)
 TOTAL%
0) No Democratic candidate running7514.2
1) Yes984954.5
5) No, no contact at all518928.7
9) NA; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)228012.6
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
674) Which ones? RESPONDENT MET [Democratic candidate] PERSONALLY (VCF0929)
 TOTAL%
0) No Democratic candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"609233.7
1) Yes14918.3
5) No819445.3
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0928); NA VCF0929-935; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)229212.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
675) Which ones? RESPONDENT ATTENDED A MEETING OR GATHERING WHERE [Democratic candidate] SPOKE (VCF0930)
 TOTAL%
0) No Democratic candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"609233.7
1) Yes12106.7
5) No847546.9
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0928); NA VCF0929-935; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)229212.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
676) Which ones? RESPONDENT TALKED TO A MEMBER OF [Democratic candidate] STAFF OR SOMEONE IN [Democratic candidate's] OFFICE (VCF0931)
 TOTAL%
0) No Democratic candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"609233.7
1) Yes9445.2
5) No874148.4
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0928); NA VCF0929-935; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)229212.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
677) Which ones? RESPONDENT RECEIVED SOMETHING IN MAIL FROM [Democratic candidate] (VCF0932)
 TOTAL%
0) No Democratic candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"609233.7
1) Yes575931.9
5) No, no contact at all392621.7
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0928); NA VCF0929-935; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)229212.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
678) Which ones? RESPONDENT READ ABOUT [Democratic candidate] IN A NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINE (VCF0933)
 TOTAL%
0) No Democratic candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"609233.7
1) Yes614934.0
5) No353619.6
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0928); NA VCF0929-935; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)229212.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
679) Which ones? RESPONDENT HEARD [Democratic candidate] ON THE RADIO (VCF0934)
 TOTAL%
0) No Democratic candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"609233.7
1) Yes315117.4
5) No653436.2
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0928); NA VCF0929-935; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)229212.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
680) Which ones? RESPONDENT SAW [Democratic candidate] ON TV (VCF0935)
 TOTAL%
0) No Democratic candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"609233.7
1) Yes608933.7
5) No359619.9
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0928); NA VCF0929-935; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)229212.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
681) Do you know anyone, any of your family, friends or people at work, who have had some contact with [Democratic candidate]? (VCF0936)
 TOTAL%
0) No Democratic candidate running7784.3
1) Yes316117.5
5) No1215467.3
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)197610.9
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
682) Think of [Republican candidate] [who has been the U.S. Representative from this district/ who ran for the U.S. House of Representatives from this district]. Have you come into contact with or learned anything about (him/her) through any of these ways? (VCF0937)
 TOTAL%
0) No Republican candidate running211911.7
1) Yes739440.9
5) No624134.5
9) NA; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)231512.8
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
683) Which ones? RESPONDENT MET [Republican candidate] PERSONALLY (VCF0938)
 TOTAL%
0) No Republican candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"850147.0
1) Yes8744.8
5) No636435.2
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0937); NA VCF0938-944; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)233012.9
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
684) Which ones? RESPONDENT ATTENDED A MEETING OR GATHERING WHERE [Republican candidate] SPOKE (VCF0939)
 TOTAL%
0) No Republican candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"850147.0
1) Yes7073.9
5) No653136.1
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0937); NA VCF0938-944; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)233012.9
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
685) Which ones? RESPONDENT TALKED TO A MEMBER OF [Republican candidate's] STAFF OR SOMEONE IN [Republican candidate's] OFFICE (VCF0940)
 TOTAL%
0) No Republican candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"850147.0
1) Yes6023.3
5) No663636.7
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0937); NA VCF0938-944; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)233012.9
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
686) Which ones? RESPONDENT RECEIVED SOMETHING IN MAIL FROM [Republican candidate] (VCF0941)
 TOTAL%
0) No Republican candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"850147.0
1) Yes417523.1
5) No306317.0
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0937); NA VCF0938-944; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)233012.9
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
687) Which ones? RESPONDENT READ ABOUT [Republican candidate] IN A NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINE (VCF0942)
 TOTAL%
0) No Republican candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"850147.0
1) Yes460625.5
5) No263214.6
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0937); NA VCF0938-944; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)233012.9
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
688) Which ones? RESPONDENT HEARD [Republican candidate] ON THE RADIO (VCF0943)
 TOTAL%
0) No Republican candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"850147.0
1) Yes230012.7
5) No493827.3
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0937); NA VCF0938-944; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)233012.9
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
689) Which ones? RESPONDENT SAW [Republican candidate] ON TV (VCF0944)
 TOTAL%
0) No Republican candidate running; no contact; only contact mentioned is an unspecified "other"850147.0
1) Yes441324.4
5) No282515.6
9) NA if contact made (9 in VCF0937); NA VCF0938-944; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)233012.9
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
690) Do you know anyone, any of your family, friends or people at work, who have had some contact with [Republican candidate]? (VCF0945)
 TOTAL%
0) No Republican candidate running222612.3
1) Yes208911.6
5) No1180265.3
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)195210.8
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
691) Number of specified contacts made with running incumbent candidate (derived from VCF0911-917) (VCF0946)
 TOTAL%
0) No contacts324918.0
1) One contact272115.1
2) Two contacts279115.4
3) Three contacts233712.9
4) Four contacts16479.1
5) Five contacts6333.5
6) Six contacts3602.0
7) Seven contacts2801.5
8) Incumbent not running17959.9
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)225612.5
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
692) Any contact with running incumbent? (YES/NO) (this variable collapses VCF0946) (VCF0946A)
 TOTAL%
0) MD in VCF0946405122.4
1) Yes, contact1076959.6
5) No, no contact324918.0
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
693) Number of specified contacts made with challenger to running incumbent candidate (VCF0947)
 TOTAL%
0) No contact714639.5
1) One contact17489.7
2) Two contacts10655.9
3) Three contacts6513.6
4) Four contacts3511.9
5) Five contacts1080.6
6) Six contacts410.2
7) Seven contacts340.2
8) Incumbent not running or running unopposed463125.6
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)229412.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
694) Any contact with challenger to running incumbent? (YES/NO) (this variable collapses VCF0947) (VCF0947A)
 TOTAL%
0) MD in VCF0947692538.3
1) Yes, contact399822.1
5) No, no contact714639.5
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
695) Number of specified contacts made with Democratic candidate (derived from VCF0928-935) (VCF0948)
 TOTAL%
0) No contacts535429.6
1) One contact285415.8
2) Two contacts255414.1
3) Three contacts199611.0
4) Four contacts12717.0
5) Five contacts5132.8
6) Six contacts2781.5
7) Seven contacts2181.2
8) Democrat not running7514.2
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)228012.6
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
696) Any contact with Democratic candidate? (YES/NO) (this variable collapses VCF0948) (VCF0948A)
 TOTAL%
0) MD in VCF0948303916.8
1) Yes, contact968453.6
5) No, no contact534629.6
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
697) Number of specified contacts made with Republican candidate (derived from VCF0937-944) (VCF0949)
 TOTAL%
0) No contacts639735.4
1) One contact234513.0
2) Two contacts189710.5
3) Three contacts14648.1
4) Four contacts9375.2
5) Five contacts2991.7
6) Six contacts1690.9
7) Seven contacts1270.7
8) Republican not running211911.7
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)231512.8
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
698) Any contact with Republican candidate? (YES/NO) (this variable collapses VCF0949) (VCF0949A)
 TOTAL%
0) MD in VCF0949443424.5
1) Yes, contact723840.1
5) No, no contact639735.4
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
699) Have you (or anyone in your family living here) ever contacted [running U.S. House incumbent] or anyone in his/her office? (VCF0950)
 TOTAL%
0) Incumbent not running187010.3
1) Yes209211.6
5) No1262269.9
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)14858.2
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
700) Have you (or anyone in your family living here) ever contacted [running U.S. House incumbent] or anyone in his/her office? (IF YES:) Was it to express an opinion? (VCF0951)
 TOTAL%
0) Never (or DK/NA if) contacted incumbent; incumbent not running1476481.7
1) Yes8904.9
5) No11816.5
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)12346.8
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
701) Have you (or anyone in your family living here) ever contacted [running U.S. House incumbent] or anyone in his/her office? (IF YES:) Was it to seek information? (VCF0952)
 TOTAL%
0) Never (or DK/NA if) contacted incumbent; incumbent not running1476481.7
1) Yes7474.1
5) No13247.3
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)12346.8
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
702) Have you (or anyone in your family living here) ever contacted [running U.S. House incumbent] or anyone in his/her office? (IF YES:) Was it to seek help on a problem (/problem that you had)? (VCF0953)
 TOTAL%
0) Never (or DK/NA if) contacted incumbent; incumbent not running1476481.7
1) Yes9775.4
5) No10946.1
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)12346.8
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
703) Have you (or anyone in your family living here) ever contacted [running U.S. House incumbent] or anyone in his/her office? (IF YES:) Did you get a response from [running U.S. House incumbent] or someone in his/her office? (VCF0954)
 TOTAL%
0) Never (or DK/NA if) contacted incumbent; incumbent not running; type of contact NA (1992 ONLY: NA in VCF0951-953)1476781.7
1) Yes185210.2
5) No1921.1
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)12587.0
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
704) Have you (or anyone in your family living here) ever contacted [running U.S. House incumbent] or anyone in his/her office? (IF YES:) Did you get a response from [running U.S. House incumbent] or someone in his/her office? (IF YES:) How satisfied were you with the response: very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, not very satisfied, or not at all satisfied? (VCF0955)
 TOTAL%
0) Never (or DK/NA if) received response; never (or DK/NA if) contacted incumbent; incumbent not running; type of contact NA (1992 Only: NA in VCF09451-953)1500483.0
1) Very satisfied11056.1
2) Somewhat satisfied4782.6
4) Not very satisfied1150.6
5) Not at all satisfied1240.7
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)12436.9
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
705) Do you know anyone {else} who has contacted [running U.S. House incumbent] or anyone in his/her office? (VCF0956)
 TOTAL%
0) Incumbent not running187010.3
1) Yes275315.2
5) No1189665.8
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)15508.6
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
706) Do you know anyone {else} who has contacted [running U.S. House incumbent] or anyone in his/her office? (IF YES:) Did this (person/group) get a response? (VCF0957)
 TOTAL%
0) Doesn't know (or DK/NA if knows) of anyone else; incumbent not running1410378.1
1) Yes240913.3
5) No1040.6
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)14538.0
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
707) Do you know anyone {else} who has contacted [running U.S. House incumbent] or anyone in his/her office? Did this (person/group) get a response? 1988-1992: (IF YES:) How satisfied was this (person/group) with the response? (VCF0958)
 TOTAL%
0) Person/group did not get (or DK/NA if got) a response; R does not know (or DK/NA if knows) of anyone else; incumbent not running1444780.0
1) Very satisfied (1978-1984: Yes; satisfied)15558.6
2) Somewhat satisfied4832.7
4) Not very satisfied (1978-1984: Somewhat dissatisfied)820.5
5) Not at all satisfied (1978-1984: No; not satisfied)1230.7
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)13797.6
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
708) If you had (another/a) problem that [running U.S. House incumbent] could do something about, do you think (he/she) would be very helpful, somewhat helpful, or not very helpful? (VCF0959)
 TOTAL%
0) Incumbent not running187010.3
1) Very helpful374520.7
2) Somewhat helpful642235.5
3) Not very helpful16048.9
7) Depends5052.8
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)392321.7
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
709) Do you happen to remember anything special that [running U.S. House incumbent] has done for his/her district or for the people of his/her district while s/he has been in Congress? (VCF0960)
 TOTAL%
0) Incumbent not running187010.3
1) Yes280215.5
5) No1202366.5
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)13747.6
Missing29369
Total18069100.0
710) Have you (or anyone in your family living here) ever contacted [retiring OR running U.S. House Representative] or anyone in his/her office? (VCF0961)
 TOTAL%
0) No recent incumbent (1990, NJ01: 10 cases)100.1
1) Yes115114.3
5) No656481.3
9) DK; NA; no Post IW; District of Columbia (1986)3494.3
Missing39364
Total8074100.0
711) Have you (or anyone in your family living here) ever contacted [retiring OR running U.S. House Representative] or anyone in his/her office? (IF YES:) Was it to express an opinion? (VCF0962)
 TOTAL%
0) Never (or DK/NA if) contacted incumbent; no recent incumbent (1990, NJ01: 10 cases)671283.1
1) Yes4755.9
5) No6648.2
9) DK; NA; no Post IW; District of Columbia (1986)2232.8
Missing39364
Total8074100.0
712) Have you (or anyone in your family living here) ever contacted [retiring OR running U.S. House Representative] or anyone in his/her office? (IF YES:) Was it to seek information? (VCF0963)
 TOTAL%
0) Never (or DK/NA if) contacted incumbent; no recent incumbent (1990, NJ01: 10 cases)671283.1
1) Yes4145.1
5) No7259.0
9) DK; NA; no Post IW; District of Columbia (1986)2232.8
Missing39364
Total8074100.0
713) Have you (or anyone in your family living here) ever contacted [retiring OR running U.S. House Representative] or anyone in his/her office? (IF YES:) Was it to seek help on a problem? (VCF0964)
 TOTAL%
0) Never (or DK/NA if) contacted incumbent; no recent incumbent (1990, NJ01: 10 cases)671283.1
1) Yes5586.9
5) No5817.2
9) DK; NA; no Post IW; District of Columbia (1986)2232.8
Missing39364
Total8074100.0
714) Have you (or anyone in your family living here) ever contacted [retiring OR running U.S. House Representative] or anyone in his/her office? (IF YES:) Did you get a response from [retiring OR running U.S. House Representative] or someone in his/her office? (VCF0965)
 TOTAL%
0) Never (or DK/NA if) contacted incumbent; no recent incumbent (1990, NJ01: 10 cases)671283.1
1) Yes102312.7
5) No981.2
9) DK; NA; no Post IW; District of Columbia (1986)2413.0
Missing39364
Total8074100.0
715) Have you (or anyone in your family living here) ever contacted [retiring OR running U.S. House Representative] or anyone in his/her office? (IF YES:) Did you get a response from [retiring OR running U.S. House Representative] or someone in his/her office? (IF YES:) How satisfied were you with the response: very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, not very satisfied, or not at all satisfied? (VCF0966)
 TOTAL%
0) Never (or DK/NA if) received response; never (or DK/NA if) contacted incumbent; no recent incumbent (1990, NJ01:10 cases)684084.7
1) Very satisfied6207.7
2) Somewhat satisfied2613.2
4) Not very satisfied610.8
5) Not at all satisfied650.8
9) DK; NA; no Post IW; District of Columbia (1986)2272.8
Missing39364
Total8074100.0
716) Do you know anyone {else} who has contacted [retiring OR running U.S. House representative] or anyone in his/her office? (VCF0967)
 TOTAL%
0) No recent incumbent (1990, NJ01: 10 cases)100.1
1) Yes151118.7
5) No616376.3
9) DK; NA; no Post IW; District of Columbia (1986)3904.8
Missing39364
Total8074100.0
717) Do you know anyone {else} who has contacted [retiring OR running U.S. House representative] or anyone in his/her office? (IF YES:) Did this (person/group) get a response? (VCF0968)
 TOTAL%
0) Doesn't know (or DK/NA if knows) of anyone else; no recent incumbent (1990, NJ01: 10 cases)635278.7
1) Yes132616.4
5) No540.7
9) DK; NA; no Post IW; District of Columbia (1986)3424.2
Missing39364
Total8074100.0
718) Do you know anyone {else} who has contacted [retiring OR running U.S. House Representative] or anyone in his/her office? Did this (person/group) get a response? 1978-1986: (IF YES:) Was this (person/group) satisfied with the response? 1988-1992: (IF YES:) How satisfied was this (person/group) with the response? (VCF0969)
 TOTAL%
0) Person/group did not get (of DK/NA if got) a response; R does not know (or DK/NA if knows) of anyone else; no recent incumbent (1990, NJ01: 10 cases)653781.0
1) Very satisfied87310.8
2) Somewhat satisfied2463.0
4) Not very satisfied420.5
5) Not at all satisfied670.8
9) DK; NA; no Post IW; District of Columbia (1986)3093.8
Missing39364
Total8074100.0
719) If you had (another/a) problem that [retiring OR running U.S. House representative] could do something about, do you think (he/she) would be very helpful, somewhat helpful, or not very helpful? (VCF0970)
 TOTAL%
0) No recent incumbent (1990, NJ01: 10 cases)100.1
1) Very helpful201525.0
2) Somewhat helpful308238.2
3) Not very helpful83610.4
7) Depends3053.8
9) DK; NA; no Post IW; District of Columbia (1986); short form (1992)182622.6
Missing39364
Total8074100.0
720) Do you happen to remember anything special that [retiring OR running U.S. House representative] has done for his/her district or for the people of his/her district while s/he has been in Congress? (VCF0971)
 TOTAL%
0) No recent incumbent (1990, NJ01: 10 cases)100.1
1) Yes140417.4
5) No638379.1
9) NA; DK; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form IW (1992)2773.4
Missing39364
Total8074100.0
721) Who ran in the November election from this district? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0972)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes1300937.7
5) No; DK1803152.2
9) NA; no Post IW; Washington D.C.; form II, III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992)348710.1
Missing12911
Total34527100.0
722) Who ran in the November election from this district? (IF YES:) Who were they? What is [NAME'S] party? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0973)
 TOTAL%
1) NAME: valid, PARTY: correct548624.0
2) NAME: valid, PARTY: incorrect2771.2
3) NAME: valid, PARTY: DK/NA5202.3
4) NAME: invalid, PARTY: any16957.4
5) NAME: invalid, PARTY: DK/NA2941.3
6) NAME: DK/NA, PARTY: any1010.4
7) NAME: DK, PARTY: DK/NA; NAME: NA, PARTY: DK/NA; R says s/he recalls no names in VCF09721308457.2
9) Abbrev. telephone IW (1984); no Post IW; Washington D.C.; short form (1992); NA if R remembers any names (9 in VCF0972); NA name and DK party (1978 only); R's district misidentified and R said he/she remembered a name14146.2
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
723) Who ran in the November election from this district? (IF YES:) Who were they? (2ND MENTION) What was (NAME'S) party? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0974)
 TOTAL%
1) NAME: valid, PARTY: correct22079.6
2) NAME: valid, PARTY: incorrect1070.5
3) NAME: valid, PARTY: DK/NA1590.7
4) NAME: invalid, PARTY: any12695.5
5) NAME: invalid, PARTY: DK/NA1860.8
6) NAME: DK/NA, PARTY: any4291.9
7) NAME: DK, PARTY: DK/NA; NAME: NA, PARTY: DK/NA; R says s/he recalls no names in VCF0972; Second mention1710074.8
9) Abbrev. telephone IW (1984); no Post IW; Washington D.C.; short form (1992); NA if R remembers any names (9 in VCF0972); NA name and DK party (1978 only); R's district misidentified and R said he/she remembered a name14146.2
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
724) Who ran in the November election from this district? (IF YES:) Who were they? (3RD MENTION) What was (NAME'S) party? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0975)
 TOTAL%
1) NAME: valid, PARTY: correct1130.5
2) NAME: valid, PARTY: incorrect70.0
3) NAME: valid, PARTY: DK/NA80.0
4) NAME: invalid, PARTY: any2531.1
5) NAME: invalid, PARTY: DK/NA620.3
6) NAME: DK/NA, PARTY: any780.3
7) NAME: DK, PARTY: DK/NA; NAME:NA, PARTY: DK/NA; R says s/he recalls no names in VCF0972; No second or third interview2093691.5
9) Abbrev. telephone IW (1984); no Post IW; Washington D.C.; short form (1992); NA if R remembers any names (9 in VCF0972); NA name and DK party (1978 only); R's district misidentified and R said he/she remembered a name14146.2
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
725) Summary: Number of correct recalls-- U.S. House candidates (VCF0976)
 TOTAL%
0) R's recall of any name(s) incorrect/DK/NA; any party mention(s) OR party mentions DK/NA; R says s/he recalls no names in VCF09721481764.8
10) R's recall correct for one name; party mention incorrect/DK/NA6662.9
11) R's recall correct for one name; party mention correct373216.3
20) R's recall correct for 2 names; both party mentions incorrect/ DK/NA1700.7
21) R's recall correct for 2 names; one party mention correct690.3
22) R's recall correct for 2 names; both party mentions correct19898.7
30) R's recall correct for 3 names; all party mentions incorrect/DK/NA00.0
31) R's recall correct for 3 names; one party mention correct00.0
32) R's recall correct for 3 names; two party mentions correct30.0
33) R's recall correct for 3 names; all party mentions correct70.0
99) Abbrev. telephone IW (1984); no Post IW ; Washington D.C.; short form (1992); NA if R remembers any names (9 in VCF0972); R's district misidentified and R said he/she remembered a name14186.2
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
726) Do you happen to know if [candidate in district where only 1 candidate ran] / either [first candidate in district where 2 candidates ran] or [second candidate in district where 2 candidates ran] was already in the U.S. House of Representatives before the election? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0977)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, candidate was/ one candidate was/ (some years: [see VCF0978]: both)1677258.4
3) No, candidate wasn't/neither candidate was12404.3
5) DK839629.2
9) NA; no major party candidate running; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone 1984); Washington D.C.; short form (1992)23328.1
Missing18698
Total28740100.0
727) Do you happen to know if [candidate in district where only 1 candidate ran] / either [first candidate in district where 2 candidates ran] or [second candidate in district where 2 candidates ran] was already in the U.S. House of Representatives before the election? (IF YES AND 2 MAJOR PARTY CANDIDATES IN DISTRICT:) Which {candidate} was that? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF0978)
 TOTAL%
1) CORRECT: correct incumbency status; correct candidate [districts w/incumbents running with major party opposition]1651057.4
2) INCORRECT: incorrect incumbency status; incorrect candidate [districts w/incumbents running with major party opposition]13394.7
9) DK if incumbent; DK which is incumbent; NA if incumbent; NA which is incumbent; no major party candidate running; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); Washington D.C.; short form (1992)1089137.9
Missing18698
Total28740100.0
728) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? (VCF0980)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero negative mentions (dislikes)784134.3
1) One negative mention (dislikes)229410.0
2) Two negative mentions (dislikes)18518.1
3) Three negative mentions (dislikes)10164.4
4) Four or more negative mentions (dislikes)7753.4
6) "I don't know anything about this candidate" (Volunteered)509122.3
7) DK if liked anything about candidate; liked something about candidate but DK what9774.3
8) No Democratic candidate in R's district (includes Washington D.C.)12245.4
9) NA if liked anything about candidate; liked something about candidate but NA what; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992); district NA (2000); district misidentified (2000)18027.9
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
729) Is/Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about [U.S. House Democratic candidate]? What is/was that? Anything else? (VCF0981)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero negative mentions (dislikes)1136249.7
1) One negative mention (dislikes)15917.0
2) Two negative mentions (dislikes)6652.9
3) Three negative mentions (dislikes)2241.0
4) Four or more negative mentions (dislikes)1070.5
6) "I don't know anything about this candidate" (Volunteered)509122.3
7) DK if disliked anything about candidate; disliked something about candidate but DK what7893.4
8) No Democratic candidate in R's district (includes Washington D.C.)12245.4
9) NA if disliked anything about candidate; disliked something about candidate but NA what; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992); District NA (2000); district misidentified (2000)18187.9
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
730) Affect toward Democratic House candidate (this the number of Democratic House candidate "likes" minus the number of Democratic House candidate "dislikes") (VCF0982)
 TOTAL%
-4) -4790.3
-3) -31560.7
-2) -24351.9
-1) -19114.0
0) 0668529.2
1) 120659.0
2) 216597.3
3) 39264.0
4) 46202.7
99) MD (codes 6-9 in VCF0980, VCF0981)933540.8
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
731) Salience of Democratic House candidate (this is the number of Democratic House candidate "likes" plus the number of Democratic House candidate "dislikes") (VCF0983)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero mentions629727.5
1) 1255811.2
2) 222039.6
3) 313125.7
4) 47923.5
5) 52671.2
6) 6720.3
7) 7290.1
8) Eight or more mentions60.0
99) MD (codes 6-9 in VCF0980, VCF0981)933540.8
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
732) Is/Was there anything in particular that you liked about [U.S. House Republican candidate]? What is/was that? Anything else? (VCF0984)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero positive mentions (likes)737632.3
1) One positive mention (likes)18798.2
2) Two positive mentions (likes)14346.3
3) Three positive mentions (likes)7073.1
4) Four or more positive mentions (likes)5002.2
6) "I don't know anything about this candidate" (Volunteered)577925.3
7) DK if liked anything about candidate; liked something about candidate but DK what9254.0
8) No Republican candidate in R's district (includes Washington D.C.)244310.7
9) NA if liked anything about candidate; liked something about candidate but NA what; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992); district NA (2000); district misidentified (2000)18288.0
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
733) Is/Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about [U.S. House Republican candidate]? What is/was that? Anything else? (VCF0985)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero negative mentions (dislikes)989343.3
1) One negative mention (dislikes)13956.1
2) Two negative mentions (dislikes)5142.2
3) Three negative mentions (dislikes)1890.8
4) Four or more negative mentions (dislikes)1120.5
6) "I don't know anything about this candidate" (Volunteered)577925.3
7) DK if disliked anything about candidate; disliked something about candidate but DK what7073.1
8) No Republican candidate in R's district (includes Washington D.C.)244310.7
9) NA if disliked anything about candidate; disliked something about candidate but NA what; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992); district NA (2000); district misidentified (2000)18398.0
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
734) Affect toward Republican House candidate (this is the number of Republican House candidate "likes" minus the number of Republican House candidate "dislikes") (VCF0986)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2287148.4549.26
735) Salience of Republican House candidate (this is the number of Republican House candidate "likes" plus the number of Republican House candidate "dislikes") (VCF0987)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero mentions603826.4
1) 122249.7
2) 216857.4
3) 39224.0
4) 46182.7
5) 51630.7
6) 6600.3
7) 7150.1
8) Eight or more mentions70.0
99) MD (codes 6-9 in VCF0984, VCF0985)1113948.7
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
736) Net affect toward major party House candidates (VCF0982 minus VCF0986) (VCF0988)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total22871632.51481.45
737) Major party House candidate salience (VCF0983 plus VCF0987) (VCF0989)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero mentions318313.9
1) 112495.5
2) 212225.3
3) 39044.0
4) 46442.8
5) 54592.0
6) 62991.3
7) 71780.8
8) 81270.6
9) 9500.2
10) 10370.2
11) 11180.1
12) 12130.1
13) 1330.0
14) 1440.0
15) 1510.0
16) Sixteen or more mentions00.0
99) MD (codes 6-9 in any of: VCF0980, VCF0981, VCF0984, VCF0985)1448063.3
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
738) Relative salience of major party House candidates (VCF0983 minus VCF0987) (VCF0990)
 TOTAL%
-8) -810.0
-6) -640.0
-5) -5320.1
-4) -41160.5
-3) -32601.1
-2) -25922.6
-1) -110324.5
0) 0396017.3
1) 111435.0
2) 26963.0
3) 33471.5
4) 41520.7
5) 5450.2
6) 680.0
7) 730.0
999) MD (codes 6-9 in any of: VCF0980, VCF0981, VCF0984, VCF0985)1448063.3
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
739) In general, do you approve or disapprove of the way [running U.S. House incumbent Representative] has been handling his/her job? (VCF0991)
 TOTAL%
0) No running incumbent (includes Washington D.C.)20949.6
1) Approve1094150.2
5) Disapprove18548.5
8) DK489522.5
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992)19959.2
Missing25659
Total21779100.0
740) Do you approve or disapprove of the way the U.S. Congress has been handling its job? (VCF0992)
 TOTAL%
1) Approve947840.7
5) Disapprove1009643.3
8) DK; pro-con; both253810.9
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)11785.1
Missing24148
Total23290100.0
741) Is there anything in particular that you liked about [U.S. House incumbent candidate]? What is that? Anything else? (VCF0993)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero positive mentions (likes)585228.5
1) One positive mention (likes)232511.3
2) Two positive mentions (likes)210510.2
3) Three positive mentions (likes)11885.8
4) Four or more positive mentions (likes)9524.6
6) "I don't know anything about this candidate" (Volunteered)19279.4
7) DK if liked anything about candidate; liked something about candidate but DK what3811.9
8) No running incumbent candidate in R's district (includes Washington D.C.)20469.9
9) NA if liked anything about candidate; liked something about candidate but NA what; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992); district NA (2000); district misidentified (2000)379118.4
Missing26871
Total20567100.0
742) Is there anything in particular that you didn't like about [U.S. House incumbent candidate]? What is that? Anything else? (VCF0994)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero negative mentions (dislikes)1013049.3
1) One negative mention (dislikes)14096.9
2) Two negative mentions (dislikes)6223.0
3) Three negative mentions (dislikes)2481.2
4) Four or more negative mentions (dislikes)1230.6
6) "I don't know anything about this candidate" (Volunteered)19279.4
7) DK if disliked anything about candidate; disliked something about candidate but DK what2681.3
8) No running incumbent candidate in R's district (includes Washington D.C.)20469.9
9) NA if disliked anything about candidate; disliked something about candidate but NA what; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992); district NA (2000); district misidentified (2000)379418.4
Missing26871
Total20567100.0
743) Affect toward incumbent House candidates (this is the number of incumbent House candidate "likes" minus the number of incumbent House candidate "dislikes") (VCF0995)
 TOTAL%
-4) -4910.4
-3) -31770.8
-2) -24371.9
-1) -18473.7
0) 0627927.5
1) 1264511.6
2) 222519.8
3) 312055.3
4) 48033.5
99) MD (codes 6-9 in VCF0993, VCF0994)813635.6
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
744) Salience of incumbent House candidates (this is the number of incumbent House candidate "likes" plus the number of House candidate "dislikes") (VCF0996)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero mentions585725.6
1) 1302313.2
2) 2273412.0
3) 316227.1
4) 410534.6
5) 53171.4
6) 6890.4
7) 7320.1
8) Eight or more mentions80.0
99) MD (codes 6-9 in VCF0993, VCF0994)813635.6
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
745) Is there anything in particular that you liked about [challenger to U.S. House incumbent candidate]? What is that? Anything else? (VCF0997)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero positive mentions (likes)592125.9
1) One positive mention (likes)8443.7
2) Two positive mentions (likes)4892.1
3) Three positive mentions (likes)2181.0
4) Four or more positive mentions (likes)1550.7
6) "I don't know anything about this candidate" (Volunteered)670829.3
7) DK if liked anything about candidate; liked something about candidate but DK what8303.6
8) No running incumbent candidate in R's district (includes Washington D.C.) or incumbent not challenged589225.8
9) NA if liked anything about candidate; liked something about candidate but NA what; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992); District NA (2000); district misidentified (2000)18147.9
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
746) Is there anything in particular that you didn't like about [challenger to U.S. House incumbent candidate]? What is that? Anything else? (VCF0998)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero negative mentions (dislikes)636927.8
1) One negative mention (dislikes)8963.9
2) Two negative mentions (dislikes)3331.5
3) Three negative mentions (dislikes)1030.5
4) Four or more negative mentions (dislikes)610.3
6) "I don't know anything about this candidate" (VOLUNTEERED)670829.3
7) DK if disliked anything about candidate; disliked something about candidate but DK what6833.0
8) No running incumbent candidate in R's district (includes Washington D.C.) or incumbent not challenged589225.8
9) NA if disliked anything about candidate; disliked something about candidate but NA what; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992); district NA (2000); district misidentified (2000)18268.0
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
747) Affect toward challenger to incumbent House candidates (this is the number of House challenger candidate "likes" minus the number of House challenger candidate "dislikes") (VCF0999)
 TOTAL%
-4) -4490.2
-3) -3780.3
-2) -22351.0
-1) -16132.7
0) 0509322.3
1) 17113.1
2) 24061.8
3) 31850.8
4) 41070.5
99) MD (codes 6-9 in VCF0997, VCF0998)1539467.3
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
748) Salience of challenger to incumbent House candidates (this is the number of House challenger candidate "likes" plus the number of House challenger candidate "dislikes") (VCF1000)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero mentions512522.4
1) 114466.3
2) 29964.4
3) 34862.1
4) 42881.3
5) 5510.2
6) 64612.0
7) 71660.7
8) Eight or more mentions40.0
99) MD (codes 6-9 in VCF0997, VCF0998)1384860.5
Missing24567
Total22871100.0
749) Net affect toward incumbent and challenger House candidates (VCF0995 minus VCF0999) (VCF1001)
 TOTAL%
-8) -8120.1
-7) -7180.1
-6) -6440.2
-5) -5630.3
-4) -41170.6
-3) -32001.0
-2) -23461.7
-1) -14532.2
0) 0243111.8
1) 18164.0
2) 26973.4
3) 34172.0
4) 42481.2
5) 51340.7
6) 6540.3
7) 7220.1
8) 8160.1
999) MD (codes 6-9 in any of: VCF0993, VCF0994, VCF0997, VCF0998)1447970.4
Missing26871
Total20567100.0
750) Incumbent and challenger House candidate salience (VCF0996 plus VCF1000) (VCF1002)
 TOTAL%
0) Zero mentions220910.7
1) 18234.0
2) 29494.6
3) 35962.9
4) 45482.7
5) 53261.6
6) 62681.3
7) 71400.7
8) 81220.6
9) 9480.2
10) 10290.1
11) 11160.1
12) 1290.0
13) 1310.0
14) 1430.0
15) 1510.0
16) Sixteen or more mentions00.0
99) MD (codes 6-9 in any of: VCF0993, VCF0994, VCF0997, VCF0998)1447970.4
Missing26871
Total20567100.0
751) Relative salience of Incumbent and challenger House candidates (VCF0996 minus VCF1000) (VCF1003)
 TOTAL%
-7) -710.0
-6) -610.0
-5) -590.0
-4) -4230.1
-3) -3480.2
-2) -21610.8
-1) -13961.9
0) 0301114.6
1) 110605.2
2) 27503.6
3) 33791.8
4) 41830.9
5) 5560.3
6) 670.0
7) 720.0
8) 810.0
999) MD (codes 6-9 in any of: VCF0993, VCF0994, VCF0997, VCF0998)1447970.4
Missing26871
Total20567100.0
752) Party ID of respondent and House incumbent (VCF1004)
 TOTAL%
1) R is: Democrat; INCUMBENT: Democrat906929.3
2) R is: Republican; INCUMBENT: Republican494416.0
3) R is: Democrat; INCUMBENT: Republican461714.9
4) R is: Republican; INCUMBENT: Democrat491715.9
9) R does not have major party partisanship or NA if has major party partisanship; no incumbent running; Washington D.C.; California (1974 only: due to redistricting type of race could not be determined); incumbent is not member of major party (1994, 2000)737723.9
Missing16514
Total30924100.0
753) Voter from same major party as House incumbent? (VCF1005)
 TOTAL%
1) R Voted: R is partisan of same party as incumbent814126.0
2) R Voted: R is partisan of same major party as challenger OR (unopposed races) R is partisan of major party different from incumbent's party529916.9
3) R is major party partisan but R did not vote, DK/NA if voted, or R voted but not (or DK/NA if) in House race906028.9
9) R does not have major party partisanship or NA if has major party partisanship; no incumbent running; Washington D.C.; no Post IW; California (1974 only, due to redistricting type of race could not be determined); incumbent is not member of major party; district NA (2000); district misidentified (2000)884428.2
Missing16094
Total31344100.0
754) Do you happen to remember the names of the candidates for Congress--that is, for the House of Representatives in Washington--who ran in the November election from this district]? (IF YES:) What was [House candidate's] party? FIRST HOUSE CANDIDATE RECALL -- CANDIDATE CODE (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF1006)
 TOTAL%
31) Democratic candidate in race without running incumbent3531.4
32) Republican candidate in race without running incumbent3741.4
33) Democratic incumbent369314.2
34) Republican incumbent25409.8
35) Democratic challenger to Republican incumbent3071.2
36) Republican challenger to Democratic incumbent2410.9
39) Incumbent Independent/liberal/conservative/minor party candidate10.0
80) Nonincumbent Independent/liberal/conservative/minor party candidate [not used after 1988: combined into code 97]40.0
97) Name given not on candidate list for House22698.7
99) R says s/he remembers names but when asked for name replies DK or NA; R says s/he does not remember any (or DK/NA if remembers any) names; Washington D.C.; California (1974 only, due to redistricting type of race could not be determined); no Post IW; short form (1992)1617162.3
Missing21485
Total25953100.0
755) Second candidate recall (VCF1007)
 TOTAL%
31) Democratic candidate in race without running incumbent 32 Republican candidate in race without running incumben 33 Democratic incumben 34 Republican incumben 35 Democratic challenger to Republican incumben 36 Republican challenger to Democratic incumben 39 Incumbent Independent/liberal/conservative/minor party candidat 80 Nonincumbent Independent/liberal/conservative/minor party candidate [not used after 1988: combined into code 97 97 Name given not on candidate list for Hous 99 R says s/he remembers names but when asked for name replies DK or NA; R says s/he does not remember any (or DK/NA if remembers any) names; Washington D.C.; California (1974 only, due to redistricting type of race could not be determined); no further mention; no Post IW; short form (19922561.0
32) 322641.0
33) 333371.3
34) 343691.4
35) 358343.2
36) 369293.6
39) 3910.0
80) 80230.1
97) 9716926.5
99) 992124881.9
Missing21485
Total25953100.0
756) Third candidate recall (VCF1008)
 TOTAL%
31) Democratic candidate in race without running incumbent140.1
32) Republican candidate in race without running incumbent120.0
33) Democratic incumbent300.1
34) Republican incumbent310.1
35) Democratic challenger to Republican incumbent160.1
36) Republican challenger to Democratic incumbent250.1
39) Incumbent Independent/liberal/conservative/minor party candidate00.0
80) Nonincumbent Independent/liberal/conservative/minor party candidate [not used after 1988: combined into code 97]280.1
97) Name given not on candidate list for House3481.3
99) R says s/he remembers names but when asked for name replies DK or NA; R says s/he does not remember any (or DK/NA if remembers any) names; Washington D.C.; California (1974 only, due to redistricting type of race could not be determined); no further mention; no Post IW; short form (1992)2544998.1
Missing21485
Total25953100.0
757) Recall summary: major party candidate recalls (VCF1009)
 TOTAL%
1) 1 Recall: Democratic candidate313112.1
2) 1 Recall: Republican candidate20788.0
3) 2 Recalls: both major party candidates (in races contested by both major parties)270210.4
4) 0 Recalls: no major party candidate recall1634763.0
9) Washington D.C.; no Post IW; short for (1992); NA if R recalls any candidate names16956.5
Missing21485
Total25953100.0
758) Recall summary: does R recall own/other major party candidate? (VCF1010)
 TOTAL%
1) 1 Recall: Own major party's candidate320712.4
2) 1 Recall: Other major party's candidate15295.9
3) 2 Recalls: both major party candidates (in races contested by both major parties)24929.6
4) 0 Recall: no major party candidate recall1380853.2
9) Washington D.C.; no Post IW; short form (1992); NA if R recalls any candidate names; R has no major party partisanship or NA if has major party partisanship491718.9
Missing21485
Total25953100.0
759) Here is a list of candidates for the major races in this district. How about the election for the House of Representatives in Washington. Did you vote for a candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? Who did you vote for? (BALLOT CARD SHOWN TO R) (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF1011)
 TOTAL%
1) R's Vote: for major party candidate from party same as R's partisanship1300437.0
2) R's Vote: for major party candidate from party different than R's partisanship33839.6
9) R did not vote or DK/NA if voted; R voted but not (or DK/NA if) in House race; DK/NA who voted for; R has no major party partisanship; R voted for candidate whose name was not on candidate list (1978-1988) or for third party candidate (all years); no Post IW1879953.4
Missing12252
Total35186100.0
760) Did R vote for incumbent? (VCF1012)
 TOTAL%
1) R's Vote: for incumbent candidate in race involving running incumbent1031133.3
2) R's Vote: for candidate other than incumbent in race involving running incumbent (1970-1988: incl. 3rd party/ind. candidates)334710.8
9) R did not vote or DK/NA if voted; R voted but not (or DK/NA if) in House race; DK/NA who voted for; no incumbent running in congressional district; R voted for name not on candidate list (1978-1990); R voted for third party/independent candidate who is not an incumbent (1990 and later); R voted out of district, NA if incumbent (91, 92 in VCF0735);Washington D.C.; no Post IW; California (1974 only, due to redistricting type of race could not be determined)1726655.8
Missing16514
Total30924100.0
761) Did R vote for winner? (VCF1013)
 TOTAL%
1) R's Vote: for winner1138236.8
2) R's Vote: for candidate other than the winner (incl. names not on candidate list)427413.8
9) R did not vote or DK/NA if voted; R voted but not (or DK/NA if) in House race; DK/NA who voted for; Washington D.C.; no Post IW; R voted outside his/her district of interview (1978-later only, not determinable prior to 1978)\D1526849.4
Missing16514
Total30924100.0
762) Who won House race? (VCF1014)
 TOTAL%
1) WINNER: incumbent, Democrat1561350.5
2) WINNER: incumbent, Republican1061034.3
3) WINNER: challenger, Republican (loser: Democratic incumbent)5641.8
4) WINNER: challenger, Democrat (loser: Republican incumbent)3661.2
5) WINNER: open-seat candidate, Democrat (race contested)14654.7
6) WINNER: open-seat candidate, Republican (race contested)19366.3
7) WINNER: uncontested open-seat candidate, Democrat590.2
8) WINNER: uncontested open-seat candidate, Republican30.0
9) Washington D.C.; California (1974 only, due to redistricting, type of race could not be determined); winner not from major party (2000); respondent district NA (2000); district misidentified (2000)3081.0
Missing16514
Total30924100.0
763) Number of days from Pre-election IW until day of election (VCF1015)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2954335.0623.71
764) Number of days from day of election until day of Post-election IW (VCF1016)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total4244125.6224.93
765) Thermometers -- both major party Congressional candidates (VCF1017)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total25594674.67447.73
766) Major party Congressional candidate thermometer index (VCF1018)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total25594672.79450.37
767) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? (VCF1020)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes598724.7
5) No1293453.3
8) DK9483.9
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992); district NA (2000); district misidentified (2000)438518.1
Missing23184
Total24254100.0
768) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1st Full Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1021A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total5987593.63843.51
769) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1st Collapsed Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1021B)
 TOTAL%
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)86314.4
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)128321.4
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)179630.0
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)4317.2
31) Government management (0601-0697)1161.9
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)2644.4
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)5168.6
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)520.9
35) Group connections (1201-1299)4337.2
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)1793.0
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
88) DK (mention 1 only)290.5
89) RF; NA (mention 1 only)250.4
Missing41451
Total5987100.0
770) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (2nd Full Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1022A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3642546.90309.45
771) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (2nd Collapsed Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1022B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)47213.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)86123.6
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)96826.6
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)1504.1
31) Government management (0601-0697)1263.5
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)2085.7
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)38210.5
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)391.1
35) Group connections (1201-1299)3148.6
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)1223.3
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing43796
Total3642100.0
772) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (3rd Full Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1023A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1792563.02310.00
773) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (3rd Collapsed Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1023B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)20311.3
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)39522.0
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)49827.8
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)502.8
31) Government management (0601-0697)744.1
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)1236.9
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)19811.0
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)281.6
35) Group connections (1201-1299)1528.5
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)714.0
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing45646
Total1792100.0
774) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (4th Full Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1024A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total776570.13316.91
775) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (4th Collapsed Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1024B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)8911.5
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)17622.7
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)20326.2
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)253.2
31) Government management (0601-0697)253.2
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)476.1
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)11715.1
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)141.8
35) Group connections (1201-1299)607.7
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)202.6
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing46662
Total776100.0
776) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (5th Full Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1025A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total216569.00307.90
777) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (5th Collapsed Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1025B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)3817.6
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)3214.8
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)5324.5
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)52.3
31) Government management (0601-0697)62.8
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)219.7
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)3516.2
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199,1300-1310)10.5
35) Group connections (1201-1299)136.0
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797,8877)125.6
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing47222
Total216100.0
778) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? (VCF1026)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes262213.7
5) No1136359.3
8) DK7744.0
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992); district NA (2000); district misidentified (2000)440023.0
Missing28279
Total19159100.0
779) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (1st Full Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1027A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2622684.541,015.15
780) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (1st Collapsed Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1027B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)2318.8
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)35013.3
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)56621.6
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)53620.4
31) Government management (0601-0697)1174.5
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)27010.3
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)32812.5
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)411.6
35) Group connections (1201-1299)562.1
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)923.5
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
88) DK (mention 1 only)150.6
89) RF; NA (mention 1 only)200.8
Missing44816
Total2622100.0
781) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (2nd Full Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1028A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total996618.82391.95
782) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (2nd Collapsed Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1028B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)929.2
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)14314.4
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)22422.5
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)787.8
31) Government management (0601-0697)595.9
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)14014.1
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)15215.3
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)202.0
35) Group connections (1201-1299)515.1
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)373.7
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing46442
Total996100.0
783) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (3rd Full Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1029A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total331676.05544.89
784) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (3rd Collapsed Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1029B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)309.1
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)3811.5
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)6118.4
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)3410.3
31) Government management (0601-0697)164.8
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)4413.3
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)7021.1
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)82.4
35) Group connections (1201-1299)216.3
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)92.7
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing47107
Total331100.0
785) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (4th Full Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1030A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total107706.67284.72
786) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (4th Collapsed Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1030B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)32.8
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)1110.3
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)1615.0
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)1211.2
31) Government management (0601-0697)109.3
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)1715.9
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)2624.3
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)43.7
35) Group connections (1201-1299)65.6
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)21.9
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing47331
Total107100.0
787) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (5th Full Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1031A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total24584.63304.79
788) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Democratic candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (5th Collapsed Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1031B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)520.8
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)312.5
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)28.3
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)28.3
31) Government management (0601-0697)416.7
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)00.0
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)729.2
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)00.0
35) Group connections (1201-1299)00.0
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)14.2
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing47414
Total24100.0
789) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? (VCF1032)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes457619.9
5) No1315857.1
8) DK8923.9
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992); district NA (2000); district misidentified (2000)441019.1
Missing24402
Total23036100.0
790) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1st Full Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1033A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total4576623.281,011.21
791) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (1st Collapsed Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1033B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)75216.4
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)76216.7
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)131828.8
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)4409.6
31) Government management (0601-0697)1463.2
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)3577.8
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)3998.7
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)210.5
35) Group connections (1201-1299)1703.7
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)1533.3
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
88) DK (mention 1 only)330.7
89) RF; NA (mention 1 only)220.5
Missing42865
Total4573100.0
792) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (2nd Full Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1034A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2641526.73282.51
793) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (2nd Collapsed Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1034B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)10.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)38214.5
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)56321.3
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)71727.1
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)1244.7
31) Government management (0601-0697)1184.5
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)2047.7
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)29511.2
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)240.9
35) Group connections (1201-1299)1144.3
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)993.7
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing44797
Total2641100.0
794) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (3rd Full Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1035A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1207583.06444.52
795) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (3rd Collapsed Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1035B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)1199.9
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)22418.6
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)33828.0
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)564.6
31) Government management (0601-0697)776.4
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)13110.9
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)14111.7
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)191.6
35) Group connections (1201-1299)685.6
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)332.7
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing46232
Total1206100.0
796) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (4th Full Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1036A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total500578.76292.86
797) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (4th Collapsed Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1036B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)459.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)8517.0
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)15731.4
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)193.8
31) Government management (0601-0697)244.8
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)499.8
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)7615.2
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)51.0
35) Group connections (1201-1299)295.8
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)112.2
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing46938
Total500100.0
798) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (5th Full Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1037A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total133554.98280.33
799) Was there anything in particular that you liked about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you liked about this candidate]? (5th Collapsed Like -- 1978 and later) (VCF1037B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)1612.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)2115.8
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)4030.1
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)43.0
31) Government management (0601-0697)118.3
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)86.0
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)2418.0
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)00.0
35) Group connections (1201-1299)53.8
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)43.0
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing47305
Total133100.0
800) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? (VCF1038)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes223713.0
5) No989357.3
8) DK6984.0
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992); district NA (2000); district misidentified (2000)442625.7
Missing30184
Total17254100.0
801) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (1st Full Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1039A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total2237698.191,079.03
802) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (1st Collapsed Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1039B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)2008.9
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)27312.2
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)42218.9
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)62327.9
31) Government management (0601-0697)542.4
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)1878.4
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)23210.4
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)251.1
35) Group connections (1201-1299)873.9
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)1034.6
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
88) DK (mention 1 only)100.4
89) RF; NA (mention 1 only)200.9
Missing45202
Total2236100.0
803) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (2nd Full Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1040A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total815645.67311.85
804) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (2nd Collapsed Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1040B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)587.1
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)10813.3
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)16620.4
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)10012.3
31) Government management (0601-0697)354.3
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)9812.0
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)12014.7
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)172.1
35) Group connections (1201-1299)8310.2
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877) 50 Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004303.7
Missing46623
Total815100.0
805) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (3rd Full Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1041A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total301681.67316.76
806) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (3rd Collapsed Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1041B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)10.3
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)258.3
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)279.0
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)5819.3
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)3010.0
31) Government management (0601-0697)93.0
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)3311.0
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)6822.6
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)51.7
35) Group connections (1201-1299)3110.3
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)144.7
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing47137
Total301100.0
807) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (4th Full Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1042A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total112684.06309.56
808) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (4th Collapsed Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1042B)
 TOTAL%
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)98.0
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)119.8
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)2118.8
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)98.0
31) Government management (0601-0697)10.9
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)1412.5
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)2724.1
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)32.7
35) Group connections (1201-1299)98.0
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)87.1
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing47326
Total112100.0
809) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (5th Full Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1043A)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total40770.75313.03
810) Was there anything in particular that you didn't like about {NAME}, the Republican candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? What was that? Anything else [that you didn't like about this candidate]? (5th Collapsed Dislike -- 1978 and later) (VCF1043B)
 TOTAL%
11) People within party (0001-0097)00.0
12) Party characteristics (0101-0197)00.0
21) Candidate experience, ability (0201-0297)37.5
22) Candidate leadership qualities (0301-0397)37.5
23) Candidate personal qualities (0401-0498)410.0
24) Candidate party connections (0500-0597)25.0
31) Government management (0601-0697)12.5
32) Government activity/philosophy (0801-0897)820.0
33) Domestic policies (0901-1097)1127.5
34) Foreign policies (1101-1199, 1300-1310)00.0
35) Group connections (1201-1299)615.0
40) Miscellaneous (0701-0797, 8877)25.0
50) Events unique to one campaign (5001-5004)00.0
Missing47398
Total40100.0
811) How long have you lived here in your present city/town/township/county? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9001)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total3518631.6832.21
812) How long have you lived in this house (condo/apartment) (2002: your current home)? (VCF9002)
 TOTAL%
0) Panel (2002)11873.3
1) 4 years or less1536342.2
2) 5-9 years660218.1
3) 10-19 years680518.7
4) 20-29 years32218.8
5) 30 or more years (2004: includes 76 years or more)25907.1
6) "All of life" (regardless of number of years) (exc. 1974, 1976, 2004)4361.2
9) DK; NA2130.6
Missing11021
Total36417100.0
813) Evangelical groups active in politics -- feeling thermometer (VCF9003)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total705063.0333.39
814) Older people (or the elderly) -- feeling thermometer (VCF9004)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1891283.9615.84
815) The Supreme Court -- feeling thermometer (VCF9005)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1329471.7622.34
816) Women -- feeling thermometer (VCF9006)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total889683.3017.84
817) Jesse Jackson -- feeling thermometer (VCF9007)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total1709752.1230.31
818) Which party do you think would do a better job of handling the problem of pollution and (1990, 1994: protection of) the environment? (VCF9008)
 TOTAL%
1) Better by Democrats170533.7
3) Same by both259151.2
5) Better by Republicans50910.1
8) DK2274.5
9) NA240.5
Missing42382
Total5056100.0
819) Do you approve or disapprove of the way [president] is handling the economy? (IF APPROVE/DISAPPROVE:) Do you approve/disapprove strongly or not strongly? (VCF9009)
 TOTAL%
1) Approve strongly523625.8
2) Approve not strongly503824.8
4) Disapprove not strongly290214.3
5) Disapprove strongly584728.8
8) DK if approve/disapprove strongly or not strongly; DK/NA if approve or disapprove900.4
9) NA if approve/disapprove strongly or not strongly11805.8
Missing27145
Total20293100.0
820) Do you think inflation would be handled better by the Democrats, by the Republicans, or about the same by both? (VCF9010)
 TOTAL%
1) Better by Democrats137315.7
3) Same by both404446.4
5) Better by Republicans157418.0
8) DK5636.5
9) NA116913.4
Missing38715
Total8723100.0
821) Do you think the problems of unemployment would be handled better by the Democrats, by the Republicans, or about the same by both? (VCF9011)
 TOTAL%
1) Better by Democrats202223.2
3) Same by both414547.5
5) Better by Republicans8569.8
8) DK5226.0
9) NA117813.5
Missing38715
Total8723100.0
822) (IF R HAS MENTIONED A "MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEM" IN THE NATION:) Which political party do you think would be most likely to get the government to do a better job in dealing with this problem -- the Republicans, the Democrats, or wouldn't there be much difference between them? (VCF9012)
 TOTAL%
0) R has not identified any problem8333.1
1) Democrats482717.9
3) Not much difference980036.3
5) Republicans426715.8
8) DK; other (1972 only); neither8633.2
9) NA; no Post IW; form I, II, IV (1972); short form (1992); question not administered in assigned half-sample [see VCF0012A] (1996, 2000)639323.7
Missing20455
Total26983100.0
823) I am going to read several more statements. After each one, I would like you to tell me how strongly you agree or disagree. 'Our society should do whatever is necessary to make sure that everyone has an equal opportunity to succeed.' (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9013)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly937153.7
2) Agree somewhat414923.8
3) Neither agree nor disagree7224.1
4) Disagree somewhat7564.3
5) Disagree strongly3031.7
8) DK630.4
9) NA; no Post IW; form B (1990)210212.0
Missing29972
Total17466100.0
824) 'We have gone too far in pushing equal rights in this country.' (VCF9014)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly277614.8
2) Agree somewhat480625.6
3) Neither agree nor disagree236812.6
4) Disagree somewhat344618.4
5) Disagree strongly310116.5
8) DK1270.7
9) NA; no Post IW; form B (1990)212311.3
Missing28691
Total18747100.0
825) 'One of the big problems in this country is that we don't give everyone an equal chance.' (VCF9015)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly348419.9
2) Agree somewhat452825.9
3) Neither agree nor disagree193711.1
4) Disagree somewhat361820.7
5) Disagree strongly16749.6
8) DK920.5
9) NA; no Post IW; form B (1990)213312.2
Missing29972
Total17466100.0
826) 'It is not really that big a problem if some people have more of a chance in life than others.' (VCF9016)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly12487.1
2) Agree somewhat376521.6
3) Neither agree nor disagree265015.2
4) Disagree somewhat437325.0
5) Disagree strongly312917.9
8) DK1701.0
9) NA; no Post IW; form B (1990)213112.2
Missing29972
Total17466100.0
827) 'This country would be better off if we worried less about how equal people are.' (VCF9017)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly289816.6
2) Agree somewhat450925.8
3) Neither agree nor disagree213112.2
4) Disagree somewhat318818.3
5) Disagree strongly246814.1
8) DK1450.8
9) NA; no Post IW; form B (1990)212712.2
Missing29972
Total17466100.0
828) 'If people were treated more equally in this country we would have many fewer problems.' (VCF9018)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly549729.3
2) Agree somewhat553029.5
3) Neither agree nor disagree213811.4
4) Disagree somewhat245113.1
5) Disagree strongly8894.7
8) DK1100.6
9) NA; no Post IW; form B (1990)213211.4
Missing28691
Total18747100.0
829) For a nation, it is not always possible to obtain everything one might wish. On page [PAGE] of the booklet, several different goals are listed. If you had to choose among them, which one would seem most desirable to you? (VCF9019)
 TOTAL%
1) Maintaining order in the nation291621.8
2) Giving the people more say in important political decisions233617.5
3) Fighting rising prices243418.2
4) Protecting freedom of speech148211.1
8) DK1651.2
9) NA; no Post IW401630.1
Missing34089
Total13349100.0
830) (IF FIRST CHOICE GIVEN:) Which one {goal for our nation} would be your second choice? (VCF9020)
 TOTAL%
1) Maintaining order in the nation243418.2
2) Giving the people more say in important political decisions222916.7
3) Fighting rising prices235517.6
4) Protecting freedom of speech203915.3
8) DK 2nd choice850.6
9) NA 2nd choice; no Post IW; NA or DK 1st choice (8 or 9 in VCF9019); form I, III, IV (1972); telephone IW (1984); no 2nd choice420731.5
Missing34089
Total13349100.0
831) During the campaign this year, did anyone talk to you about registering to vote or getting out to vote (1984, 1986: or about voting)? (VCF9021)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes614432.3
5) No1143760.0
8) DK240.1
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)14417.6
Missing28392
Total19046100.0
832) (ASKED OF Rs WHO VOTED): How about the election for president? Did you vote for a candidate for president? (IF YES) Who did you vote for? Would you say that your preference for this candidate was strong or not strong? (VCF9022)
 TOTAL%
0) R did not vote or DK/NA/refused to say if voted; R voted but did not vote (or DK/NA/refused to say if voted) for president; R voted for president but DK/NA/refused to say who voted for (1988 only)310023.6
1) Strong626147.7
5) Not strong212116.2
8) DK240.2
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)162312.4
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
833) How about the election for president? Did you prefer one of the candidates for president? (IF YES:) Who did you prefer? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9023)
 TOTAL%
0) R voted or DK/NA/refused to say if voted (for president)1429567.8
1) Preference: Democrat18888.9
2) Preference: Republican17068.1
3) Preference: Other2101.0
7) No preference (1968 and later)6623.1
9) DK; NA; refused; no Post IW233711.1
Missing26340
Total21098100.0
834) (ASKED OF Rs WHO VOTED): Here is a list of candidates for the major races in this district. How about the election for the House of Representative in Washington? Did you vote for a candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives? (IF YES:) Who did you vote for? Would you say that your preference for this candidate was strong or not strong? (VCF9024)
 TOTAL%
0) R did not vote or DK/NA/refused to say if voted; R voted but did not vote (or DK/NA/refused to say if voted) for House candidate; R voted for House but DK/refused to say who voted for (not 1984, 1988); R voted for House but NA who voted for (not 1980 1990); special districts with no House race in 1978 (1978, 4 districts: LA03, LA07, FL08, FL10); special districts with no House race in 1980 (1980, 2 districts: LA03, LA07)510040.2
1) Strong363428.7
5) Not strong244019.2
8) DK810.6
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form (1992)142511.2
Missing34758
Total12680100.0
835) (ASKED OF Rs WHO VOTED): How about the vote/election for Governor (1952, 1958: here in [state])? Did you vote for a candidate for Governor? (IF YES:) Who did you vote for? Which party was that? (VCF9025)
 TOTAL%
0) No gubernatorial race in state (includes Washington D.C.)1020736.0
1) Democrat496217.5
2) Republican417214.7
3) Other1040.4
9) DK; NA; did not vote; DK/NA/refused to say if voted; voted, but not for governor; voted but DK/NA/refused to say if voted for governor; DK/NA/refused to say who voted for; name given by R not on candidate list (1978-1990); no Post IW; form III, IV (1972)892631.5
Missing19067
Total28371100.0
836) This state held a Presidential (primary/caucus) election in [month]. In talking to people about elections, we find that many people did not vote for a variety of reasons. How about you--did you vote in that primary (election/caucus)? (IF YES:) Did you vote in the Republican or Democratic (primary/caucus)? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9026)
 TOTAL%
1) Voted: Democratic Pres. Primary (1988: or caucus)169815.3
2) Voted: Republican Pres. Primary (1988: or caucus)10729.7
3) Voted: DK/NA/Refused which Pres. Primary (1988: or caucus)820.7
5) Voted: "other" (minor party) Pres. Primary (1972, 1976)40.0
7) Did not vote in Pres. Primary (1988: or caucus)447840.4
9) DK/NA/refused to say if voted in primary/caucus; form II (1972); short form of Spanish language IW (1992); R is not (or DK/NA if) registered/eligible to vote (1972, 1976); R's state did not have a primary (1972, 1976, 1980); R could not recall if his/her state has a primary (1976 only)375833.9
Missing36346
Total11092100.0
837) In [year], {you remember that} [Republican presidential candidate] ran on the Republican ticket against [Democratic presidential candidate] for the Democrats? (IF YES, VOTED:) Which one did you vote for? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9027)
 TOTAL%
0) R did not vote in previous election; R has never voted988426.3
1) Voted: Democratic Pres. Candidate1169831.1
2) Voted: Republican Pres. Candidate1210832.2
3) Voted: DK/NA/Refused which Pres. Candidate4201.1
5) Voted: Other candidate13023.5
9) DK/NA/refused to say if voted in previous presidential election; no Pre IW; no Post IW; short form or Spanish language IW (1992); NA if R has ever voted before (1956, 1960, 1976, 1980); DK if R has ever voted before (1968)22035.9
Missing9823
Total37615100.0
838) What about here in [R's state]. Which candidate for President do you think will carry this state? Which candidate will win in this state? (VCF9028)
 TOTAL%
1) Democratic Pres. candidate722039.7
2) Republican Pres. candidate835446.0
3) Other Pres. candidate1310.7
8) DK219312.1
9) NA; no Pre IW; Washington D.C.2761.5
Missing29264
Total18174100.0
839) How about here in [R's state]. Which candidate for President do you think will carry this state? Which candidate will win in this state? Do you think the Presidential race will be close here in [R's state] or will [name given] win by quite a bit? (VCF9029)
 TOTAL%
1) Close race872353.6
3) Win by quite a bit587636.1
8) DK; depends7124.4
9) NA; NA who R thinks will carry R's state (9 in VCF9028) (all years); DK who will win in R's state (8 in VCF9028) (1972, 1976 only)9645.9
Missing31163
Total16275100.0
840) Did anyone from one of the political parties call you up or come around and talk to you about the campaign this year? (IF YES:) Which party was that? (VCF9030)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, contact: Democratic party30787.8
2) Yes, contact: Republican party28417.2
3) Yes, contact: both major parties28677.3
4) Yes, contact: other1720.4
5) Yes, contact: DK which party6521.7
6) Yes, contact: NA which party290.1
7) No contact2555164.7
8) DK if contact1050.3
9) NA if contact; no Post IW; form II, III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984)418910.6
Missing7954
Total39484100.0
841) Did PARTY contact R about election campaign? (VCF9030A)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, contact by major party942323.2
2) No contact by major party2572363.3
8) DK if contact; contact but DK/NA which party1460.4
9) NA if contact; no Post IW; form II, III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984)533113.1
Missing6815
Total40623100.0
842) Did Democratic Party contact R about election campaign (VCF9030B)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, contact by Democratic party594514.6
2) No contact by Democratic party2856470.3
8) DK if contact; contact but DK/NA which party7831.9
9) NA if contact; no Post IW; form II, III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984)533113.1
Missing6815
Total40623100.0
843) Did Republican Party contact R about election campaign (VCF9030C)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes, contact by Republican party570814.1
2) No contact by Republican party2880170.9
8) DK if contact; contact but DK/NA which party7831.9
9) NA if contact; no Post IW; form II, III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984)533113.1
Missing6815
Total40623100.0
844) Other than someone from the two major parties, did anyone else call you up or come around and talk to you about supporting specific candidates in this last election? (VCF9031)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes19039.3
5) No1678582.4
8) DK410.2
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984); Washington D.C.16328.0
Missing27077
Total20361100.0
845) Did you listen to any speeches or discussions about the campaign on the radio? (IF YES:) Would you say you listened to a good many, several, or just one or two? (VCF9032)
 TOTAL%
0) None ("No")1340649.9
1) Good many21738.1
3) Several402015.0
5) One or two353913.2
8) DK how many390.1
9) NA how many; DK/NA whether listened to any; no Post IW; form II, III, IV (1972); abbrev. telephone IW (1984); short form or Spanish language IW (1992)369413.7
Missing20567
Total26871100.0
846) How many days in the past week did you read a daily newspaper? (VCF9033)
 TOTAL%
0) None453222.4
1) One day223311.0
2) 218759.3
3) 314837.3
4) 49444.7
5) 58744.3
6) 64992.5
7) Every day760537.5
8) DK220.1
9) NA; short form or Spanish language IW (1992)1910.9
Missing27180
Total20258100.0
847) Do you read a daily newspaper? (VCF9034)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes507865.6
5) No211327.3
8) DK10.0
9) NA; no Post IW5497.1
Missing39697
Total7741100.0
848) How many days in the past week did you watch the national network news on TV? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9035)
 TOTAL%
0) None309415.3
1) One day13846.8
2) 219029.4
3) 318749.3
4) 413376.6
5) 515267.5
6) 65072.5
7) Every day840341.5
8) DK460.2
9) NA; DK/NA if watches national network TV news (1984 only); short form or Spanish language IW (1992)1850.9
Missing27180
Total20258100.0
849) Do you happen to know which party had the most members in the U.S. Senate before the election this/last month? (IF NECESSARY:) Which one? (VCF9036)
 TOTAL%
1) Republicans - correct529826.3
2) Democrats - correct411120.4
4) Republicans - incorrect8834.4
5) Democrats - incorrect15987.9
7) Other (comments)00.0
8) DK (No)681733.8
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)14587.2
Missing27273
Total20165100.0
850) Should the government in Washington see to it that black people get fair treatment in jobs or is this not the federal government's business? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9037)
 TOTAL%
0) NA opinion; DK/NA whether 'interested enough;' no Post IW; form A (1986)3792.2
1) See to it that black people get fair treatment in jobs567432.9
5) 1992 and later: Not the federal government's business /1964, 1968, 1972: leave to the states and local communities490428.4
9) Other; depends; DK; no interest631036.5
Missing30171
Total17267100.0
851) Now looking again at [respondent booklet] for your choices, here are several more statements. 'Equal opportunity for blacks and whites is very important but it's not really the government's job to guarantee it.' (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9038)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly96222.8
2) Agree somewhat127230.2
3) Neither agree nor disagree45810.9
4) Disagree somewhat71517.0
5) Disagree strongly46110.9
8) DK581.4
9) NA; no Post IW2906.9
Missing43222
Total4216100.0
852) Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with each reason as to why white people seem to get more of the good things in life. 'Generations of slavery and discrimination have created conditions that make it difficult for blacks to work their way out of the lower class.' (VCF9039)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly168712.5
2) Agree somewhat350526.0
3) Neither agree nor disagree11168.3
4) Disagree somewhat239517.7
5) Disagree strongly164112.2
8) DK950.7
9) NA; no Post IW; form A (1986); form B (1990)305622.6
Missing33943
Total13495100.0
853) Now I'm going to read several more statements. After each one, I would like you to tell me how strongly you agree or disagree. The first statement is: 'Irish, Italians, Jewish and many other minorities overcame prejudice and worked their way up. Blacks should to the same without any special favors.' (VCF9040)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly416828.2
2) Agree somewhat395526.8
3) Neither agree nor disagree13038.8
4) Disagree somewhat152610.3
5) Disagree strongly6884.7
8) DK790.5
9) NA; no Post IW; form A (1986); form B (1990)305720.7
Missing32662
Total14776100.0
854) 'It's really a matter of some people not trying hard enough; if blacks would only try harder they could be just as well off as whites.' (VCF9041)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly237717.6
2) Agree somewhat353026.2
3) Neither agree nor disagree142910.6
4) Disagree somewhat203015.0
5) Disagree strongly9757.2
8) DK890.7
9) NA; no Post IW; form A (1986); form B (1990)306522.7
Missing33943
Total13495100.0
855) 'Over the past few years blacks have gotten less than they deserve.' (VCF9042)
 TOTAL%
1) Agree strongly10076.8
2) Agree somewhat256517.4
3) Neither agree nor disagree225615.3
4) Disagree somewhat357824.2
5) Disagree strongly216614.7
8) DK1451.0
9) NA; no Post IW; form A (1986); form B (1990)305920.7
Missing32662
Total14776100.0
856) Which of the following views comes closest to your opinion on the issue of school prayer? (VCF9043)
 TOTAL%
0) NA; no Post IW; form A (1990); short form IW (1992)191714.2
1) By law, prayer should not be allowed in public schools141610.5
2) The law should allow public schools to schedule time when children can pray silently if they want to586343.5
3) The law should allow public schools to schedule time when children as a group can say a general prayer not tied to a particular religious faith283621.1
4) By law, public schools should schedule a time when all children would say a chosen Christian prayer11078.2
9) Other, DK3322.5
Missing33967
Total13471100.0
857) Which of the following views comes closest to your opinion on the issue of school prayer? Do you favor that choice strongly or not strongly? (VCF9043A)
 TOTAL%
1) Strongly891766.2
5) Not strongly232517.3
8) DK130.1
9) NA; other/DK/NA opinion (except 1990, 1996); DK/NA opinion (1990, 1996); form A (1990); short form questionnaire (1992); no Post IW221616.5
Missing33967
Total13471100.0
858) Over the past year would you say that the economic policies of the federal government have made the nation's economy better, worse, or haven't they made much difference either way? (IF BETTER/WORSE:) Would you say the economy is much better/worse or somewhat better/worse? (VCF9044)
 TOTAL%
1) Much better3202.6
2) Somewhat better211717.0
3) Same ('haven't made much difference')634050.9
4) Somewhat worse193715.5
5) Much worse10328.3
6) Better, DK/NA how much20.0
7) Worse, DK/NA how much60.0
8) DK if better/worse/same6775.4
9) NA if better/worse/same360.3
Missing34971
Total12467100.0
859) Over the past year would you say that the economic policies of the federal government have made the nation's economy better, worse, or haven't they made much difference either way? (VCF9044A)
 TOTAL%
1) Better243919.6
2) Same ('haven't made much difference')634050.9
3) Worse297523.9
8) DK6775.4
9) NA360.3
Missing34971
Total12467100.0
860) During the past year, would you say that the United States' position in the world has grown weaker, stayed about the same, or has it grown stronger? (VCF9045)
 TOTAL%
1) Weaker (1958, 1960, 1964, 1968: less strong)837132.2
3) Same997638.3
5) Stronger619623.8
8) DK13415.2
9) NA1330.5
Missing21421
Total26017100.0
861) Food stamps (see federal spending question text and notes preceding VCF0886) (VCF9046)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased268516.5
2) Same738745.4
3) Decreased510331.4
7) Cut out entirely (volunteered)320.2
8) DK6393.9
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)4082.5
Missing31184
Total16254100.0
862) Improving and protecting the environment (see federal spending question text and notes preceding VCF0886) (VCF9047)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased836747.1
2) Same732241.2
3) Decreased11176.3
7) Cut out entirely (volunteered)20.0
8) DK4112.3
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)5463.1
Missing29673
Total17765100.0
863) 1984, 1992, 2004: Science and technology; 1986, 1988: Space and scientific research; 1990: the space program (see federal spending question text and notes preceding VCF0886) (VCF9048)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased388031.9
2) Same517042.6
3) Decreased234219.3
7) Cut out entirely (volunteered)10.0
8) DK3823.1
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)3753.1
Missing35288
Total12150100.0
864) Social Security (see federal spending question text and notes preceding VCF0886) (VCF9049)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased1034354.5
2) Same709337.4
3) Decreased6793.6
7) Cut out entirely (volunteered)150.1
8) DK2681.4
9) NA; no Post IW (1984); abbrev. telephone IW (1984)5793.1
Missing28461
Total18977100.0
865) Programs that assist blacks (see federal spending question text and notes preceding VCF0886) (VCF9050)
 TOTAL%
1) Increased301721.2
2) Same734051.5
3) Decreased268818.9
7) Cut out entirely (volunteered)410.3
8) DK5523.9
9) NA; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)6184.3
Missing33182
Total14256100.0
866) Which do you think -- schools should be allowed to start each day with a prayer or religion does not belong in the schools? (VCF9051)
 TOTAL%
1) Schools should be allowed to start with prayer500160.3
5) Religion does not belong in the school128615.5
8) Other; depends; both (1964-1968); DK; no interest123814.9
9) NA opinion; DK/NA if interested; no Post IW; abbrev. telephone IW (1984)7659.2
Missing39148
Total8290100.0
867) Let's talk about the country as a whole. Would you say that things in the country are generally going very well, fairly well, not too well or not well at all? (VCF9052)
 TOTAL%
1) Very well3265.0
2) Fairly well318249.2
4) Not too well128619.9
5) Not well at all4927.6
8) DK811.3
9) NA; Form B (1986)110617.1
Missing40965
Total6473100.0
868) Do you think that over the last year your/your family's income has gone up more than the cost of living, has it fallen behind, or has it stayed about even with the cost of living? (IF GONE UP OR FALLEN BEHIND) Has it (gone up/fallen behind) a lot or (gone up/fallen behind) a little? (VCF9053)
 TOTAL%
1) Gone up a lot4014.5
2) Gone up a little7268.1
3) Same340338.0
4) Fallen behind a little182420.4
5) Fallen behind a lot136515.2
6) Gone up, DK/NA how much40.0
7) Fallen behind, DK/NA how much80.1
8) DK if gone up/fallen behind/stayed same1261.4
9) NA if gone up/fallen behind/stayed same; Form B (1986)110112.3
Missing38480
Total8958100.0
869) Checkpoint: Senate race in state of IW? (VCF9054)
 TOTAL%
1) U.S. Senate race in state1574561.9
2) No U.S. Senate race in state851233.4
9) No Post IW; Washington D.C.11914.7
Missing21990
Total25448100.0
870) Type of Senate race -- state of IW (VCF9055)
 TOTAL%
0) Washington D.C.; no Post IW1680.7
12) DEMOCRATIC INCUMBENT- REPUBLICAN CHALLENGER605423.7
13) DEMOCRATIC INCUMBENT- OTHER CHALLENGER00.0
14) DEMOCRATIC INCUMBENT- UNOPPOSED2400.9
19) DEMOCRATIC INCUMBENT- REPUBLICAN AND OTHER CHALLENGERS4481.8
21) REPUBLICAN INCUMBENT- DEMOCRATIC CHALLENGER573822.4
23) REPUBLICAN INCUMBENT- OTHER CHALLENGER130.1
24) REPUBLICAN INCUMBENT- UNOPPOSED1600.6
29) REPUBLICAN INCUMBENT- DEMOCRATIC AND OTHER CHALLENGERS140.1
51) DEMOCRATIC CAND UNOPPOSED (Democratic incumbent not running)590.2
52) REPUBLICAN CAND UNOPPOSED (Democratic incumbent not running)00.0
55) DEMOCRATIC AND REPUBLICAN CANDS (Democratic incumbent not running)16586.5
59) DEMOCRATIC AND REPUBLICAN AND OTHER CANDS (Democratic incumbent not running)540.2
61) DEMOCRATIC CAND UNOPPOSED (Republican incumbent not running)00.0
62) REPUBLICAN CAND UNOPPOSED (Republican incumbent not running)00.0
65) DEMOCRATIC AND REPUBLICAN CANDS (Republican incumbent not running)16686.5
69) DEMOCRATIC AND REPUBLICAN AND OTHER CANDS (Republican incumbent not running)920.4
75) DEMOCRATIC AND REPUBLICAN CANDS (other incumbent not running)290.1
81) 2 DEMOCRATIC INCUMBENTS: NO RACE IN STATE305511.9
82) 2 REPUBLICAN INCUMBENTS: NO RACE IN STATE19777.7
83) 1 DEMOCRATIC AND 1 OTHER INCUMBENT: NO RACE IN STATE20.0
84) 1 REPUBLICAN AND 1 OTHER INCUMBENT: NO RACE IN STATE480.2
85) 1 DEMOCRATIC AND 1 REPUBLICAN INCUMBENT: NO RACE IN STATE381314.9
95) 2 Senate elections in state [regular Senate election and special Senate election] (1992: CA ONLY; note that regular Senate election is open race with 2 nonincumbent candidates) (1994: TN ONLY)3041.2
Missing21844
Total25594100.0
871) Senate Democratic candidate -- feeling thermometer (VCF9056)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total21623531.15470.31
872) Senate Republican candidate -- feeling thermometer (VCF9057)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total21623550.10470.67
873) Senate incumbent candidate -- feeling thermometer (VCF9058)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total21623587.20464.15
874) Senate challenger to incumbent candidate -- feeling thermometer (VCF9059)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total21623696.65438.94
875) Senator not up for re-election in state with Senate race -- feeling thermometer (VCF9060)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total17024527.25469.18
876) First Senator in state without Senate race -- feeling thermometer (VCF9061)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total17024750.30412.67
877) Second Senator in state without Senate race -- feeling thermometer (VCF9062)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total17024753.15411.33
878) How about the candidates who ran in this state for the United States Senate in Washington? Do you happen to remember what the candidates' names were? 1992 CALIFORNIA ONLY: As you know, there were two Senate races in California this year. Do you happen to remember what the candidates' names were? (VCF9063)
 TOTAL%
0) No Senate race in state518833.3
1) Yes493131.6
5) No; DK468130.0
9) NA; no Post IW; Washington D.C.7925.1
Missing31846
Total15592100.0
879) How about the candidates who ran in this state for the United States Senate in Washington? Do you happen to remember what the candidates' names were? (1992 CALIFORNIA ONLY:) As you know, there were two Senate races in California this year. Do you happen to remember what the candidates' names were? Who were they? (1ST MENTION) (VCF9064)
 TOTAL%
0) No Senate race in state477334.1
1) NAME: valid, PARTY: correct338124.1
2) NAME: valid, PARTY: incorrect1401.0
3) NAME: valid, PARTY: DK/NA3022.2
4) NAME: invalid, PARTY: any3362.4
5) NAME: invalid, PARTY: DK/NA880.6
6) NAME: DK/NA, PARTY: any270.2
7) NAME: DK, PARTY: DK/NA; NAME: NA, PARTY: DK (except 1978) R says that s/he recalls no names (5 in VCF9063)418729.9
9) Abbrev. telephone IW (1984); no Post IW; Washington D.C.; NA if remembers any names (9 in VCF9063)7835.6
Missing33421
Total14017100.0
880) How about the candidates who ran in this state for the United States Senate in Washington? Do you happen to remember what the candidates' names were? Who were they? (2ND MENTION) (VCF9065)
 TOTAL%
0) No Senate race in state477334.1
1) NAME: valid, PARTY: correct216115.4
2) NAME: valid, PARTY: incorrect890.6
3) NAME: valid, PARTY: DK/NA1601.1
4) NAME: invalid, PARTY: any2131.5
5) NAME: invalid, PARTY: DK/NA370.3
6) NAME: DK/NA, PARTY: any1671.2
7) NAME: DK, PARTY: DK/NA; NAME: NA, PARTY: DK (1978 only) R says that s/he recalls no names (5 in VCF9063); R only has recall(s) for "special" election (1992, CA only); no second mention563640.2
9) Abbrev. telephone IW (1984); no Post IW; Washington D.C.7815.6
Missing33421
Total14017100.0
881) How about the candidates who ran in this state for the United States Senate in Washington? Do you happen to remember what the candidates' names were? Who were they? (3RD MENTION) (VCF9066)
 TOTAL%
0) No Senate race in state477334.1
1) NAME: valid, PARTY: correct770.5
2) NAME: valid, PARTY: incorrect90.1
3) NAME: valid, PARTY: DK/NA80.1
4) NAME: invalid, PARTY: any480.3
5) NAME: invalid, PARTY: DK/NA130.1
6) NAME: DK/NA, PARTY: any180.1
7) NAME: DK, PARTY: DK/NA; NAME: NA, PARTY: DK (1978 only) R says that s/he recalls no names (5 in VCF9063); R only has recall(s) for "special" election (1992, CA only); no second mention829059.1
9) Abbrev. telephone IW (1984); no Post IW; Washington D.C.7815.6
Missing33421
Total14017100.0
882) Summary: number of correct recalls--U.S. Senate candidates (VCF9067)
 TOTAL%
0) NO NAME CORRECT R's recall of any name(s) incorrect/DK/NA and any party mention(s) mention incorrect/DK/NA; R says s/he recalls no names; R only has recall(s) for "special" election (1992, CA only) ONE CORRECT NAME453632.4
10) R's recall correct for one name; party mention incorrect/DK/NA2631.9
11) R's recall correct for one name; party mention correct TWO CORRECT NAMES13229.4
20) R's recall correct for 2 names; both party mentions incorrect/DK/NA1711.2
21) R's recall correct for 2 names; one party mention correct720.5
22) R's recall correct for 2 names; both party mentions correct THREE CORRECT NAMES204114.6
30) R's recall correct for 3 names; all party mentions incorrect/DK/NA10.0
31) R's recall correct for 3 names; one party mention correct80.1
32) R's recall correct for 3 names; two party mentions correct120.1
33) R's recall correct for 3 names; three party mentions correct370.3
97) No Senate race in state477334.1
99) Abbrev. telephone IW (1984); no Post IW; Washington D.C.7815.6
Missing33421
Total14017100.0
883) In general, do you approve or disapprove of the way [running U.S. House incumbent Representative] has been handling his/her job? (IF APPROVE/DISAPPROVE) Do you approve/disapprove strongly or approve/disapprove not strongly? (VCF9069)
 TOTAL%
0) No running incumbent (includes Washington D.C.)190210.5
1) Approve strongly480926.6
2) Approve not strongly430823.8
4) Disapprove not strongly8324.6
5) Disapprove strongly7584.2
8) DK strongly or not strongly; DK if approve/disapprove (8 in VCF0991)404822.4
9) NA strongly or not strongly; NA if approve/disapprove; no Post IW (presidential years); short form (1992)14478.0
Missing29334
Total18104100.0
884) Now we would like your opinion about the way [running U.S. House incumbent representative] has voted on bills that have come up in the U.S. House of Representatives in Washington. Would you say that you have generally agreed with the way he/she has voted on bills, agreed and disagreed about equally, generally disagreed, or haven't paid much attention to this? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9070)
 TOTAL%
0) No running incumbent (includes Washington D.C.)4407.8
1) Agreed87715.6
3) Agreed and disagreed about equally (1982: Agree sometimes, disagree sometimes)78614.0
5) Disagreed1612.9
8) Haven't paid much attention (1986, 1988); haven't thought much about this (1982)305154.2
9) NA; no Post IW3195.7
Missing41804
Total5634100.0
885) Was there any bill in particular that you remember how [House running incumbent] voted on in the last couple of years? (VCF9071)
 TOTAL%
0) No running incumbent (includes Washington D.C.); NJ01 (1990)4637.5
1) Yes62710.1
5) No479677.4
8) DK00.0
9) NA; no Post IW3105.0
Missing41242
Total6196100.0
886) Was there any bill in particular that you remember how s/he [House running incumbent] voted on in the last couple of years? (IF YES) Did you agree or disagree with the way s/he voted on that bill? (VCF9072)
 TOTAL%
0) No running incumbent (includes Washington D.C.); R does not remember or DK/NA if remembers any House votes (5, 8, 9 in VCF9071)370459.8
1) Agreed4427.1
5) Disagreed1772.9
8) DK30.0
9) NA; no Post IW187030.2
Missing41242
Total6196100.0
887) Some people believe that we should spend much less money for defense. Others feel that defense spending should be greatly increased. Where would you place [president] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for alternate question wordings) (VCF9073)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it" on same 7-pt scale (not 1996)200811.9
1) Greatly decrease defense spending3832.3
2) 6163.6
3) 11476.8
4) 202812.0
5) 280516.6
6) 361521.4
7) Greatly increase defense spending329919.5
8) DK7914.7
9) NA; short-form or Spanish language IW (1992)2041.2
Missing30542
Total16896100.0
888) Some people feel it is important for us to try to cooperate more with Russia, while others believe we should be much tougher in our dealings with Russia. Where would you place [president] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9074)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it" on same 7-pt scale95216.1
1) Cooperate more/try to get along with Russia5008.5
2) 63710.8
3) 69411.7
4) 72212.2
5) 76913.0
6) 69311.7
7) Get much tougher/big mistake to try to get along with Russia4437.5
8) DK2904.9
9) NA; no Post IW2113.6
Missing41527
Total5911100.0
889) Where would you place [president] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for alternate question wordings) (VCF9075)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it" on same 7-pt scale (not 1996 or later)8445.1
1) Women and men should have an equal role271616.4
2) 224613.6
3) 223313.5
4) 271916.4
5) 11717.1
6) 7404.5
7) Women's place is in the home5993.6
8) DK267316.2
9) NA; no Post IW5953.6
Missing30902
Total16536100.0
890) Where would you place [president] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9076)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it" on same 7-pt scale (1972-1984, 1988, 1990); R self-rating is "haven't thought much about it" (1970)264710.1
1) Government should help minority blacks/minorities14565.6
2) 21698.3
3) 343413.1
4) 492918.8
5) 318912.2
6) 21968.4
7) Blacks/minorities should help themselves15736.0
8) DK307111.7
9) NA; no Post IW; telephone IW (2000)15125.8
Missing21262
Total26176100.0
891) There is much concern about the rapid rise in medical and hospital costs. Some people feel there should be a government insurance plan which would cover all medical and hospital expenses (1994: for everyone). Others feel that medical expenses should be paid by individuals, and through private insurance [1996: plans] like Blue Cross (1994: or [1996:some] other company paid plans).Where would you place [president] on this scale? (VCF9077)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it" on same 7-pt scale (1972, 1976, 1978); R self-rating is "haven't thought much about it" (1970)149912.2
1) Government insurance plan156812.8
2) 11029.0
3) 11929.7
4) 143211.7
5) 9477.7
6) 6525.3
7) Private insurance plan6445.2
8) DK184315.0
9) NA; Form II (1972)139411.4
Missing35165
Total12273100.0
892) Where would you place [president] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for alternate question wordings) (VCF9078)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it" on same 7-pt scale (all years before 1996)233111.6
1) Government should provide many fewer services: Reduce spending a lot17078.5
2) 242512.0
3) 296014.7
4) 316015.7
5) 249812.4
6) 18369.1
7) Government should provide many more services: Increase spending a lot11045.5
8) DK11175.5
9) NA; short-form or Spanish language IW (1992); telephone IW (2000)10275.1
Missing27273
Total20165100.0
893) Where would you place [president] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9079)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it" on same 7-pt scale (all yrs. exc. 1992, 1996 and later)265110.8
1) Government see to job and good standard of living14105.7
2) 18067.3
3) 271011.0
4) 374415.2
5) 311612.6
6) 272111.0
7) Government let each person get ahead on his own24259.8
8) DK; haven't thought much about it22869.3
9) NA; no Post IW; form II (1972); short-form or Spanish language IW (1992)17797.2
Missing22790
Total24648100.0
894) Here is a 7-point scale on which the political views that people might hold are arranged from extremely liberal to extremely conservative. Where would you place [president] on this scale? (VCF9080)
 TOTAL%
0) DK/Haven't thought about self-rating on same 7-pt scale [see above] (not 1996 or later)504516.5
1) Extremely liberal12073.9
2) Liberal26498.7
3) Slightly liberal26658.7
4) Moderate; middle of the road403813.2
5) Slightly conservative369212.1
6) Conservative567518.5
7) Extremely conservative20536.7
8) DK21226.9
9) NA; no Post IW; forms III, IV (1972); R selected for branching version of this question14654.8
Missing16827
Total30611100.0
895) Some people believe that we should spend much less money for defense. Others feel that defense spending should be greatly increased. Where would you place [the Democratic Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for alternate question wordings) (VCF9081)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it" (not 1996)11839.0
1) Greatly decrease defense spending6735.1
2) 157012.0
3) 241418.4
4) 253019.3
5) 143410.9
6) 6535.0
7) Greatly increase defense spending3022.3
8) DK138010.5
9) NA; short-form or Spanish language IW (1992); telephone IW (2000)9907.5
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
896) Some people feel it is important for us to try to cooperate more with Russia, while others believe we should be much tougher in our dealings with Russia. Where would you place [the Democratic Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9082)
 TOTAL%
1) Try to cooperate more with Russia (1984, 1988)/Important to try very hard to get along with Russia (1980)58211.7
2) 80916.3
3) 96619.5
4) 91618.5
5) 4128.3
6) 2004.0
7) Get much tougher with Russia (1984, 1988)/Big mistake to try too hard to get along with Russia1032.1
8) DK75915.3
9) NA; no Post IW2124.3
Missing42479
Total4959100.0
897) Where would you place [the Democratic Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for alternate question wordings) (VCF9083)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it" (not 1996)5794.3
1) Women and men should have an equal role231417.3
2) 196314.7
3) 175113.1
4) 170812.8
5) 5424.1
6) 2471.9
7) Women's place is in the home1741.3
8) DK267720.1
9) NA; no Post IW; telephone IW (2000)138510.4
Missing34098
Total13340100.0
898) Where would you place [the Democratic Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for alternate question wordings) (VCF9084)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it" (not 1996)14589.3
1) Government should help Blacks/minorities15519.9
2) 216513.9
3) 269917.3
4) 239315.3
5) 9866.3
6) 4693.0
7) Blacks/minorities should help themselves3021.9
8) DK210813.5
9) NA; no Post IW; telephone IW (2000)14669.4
Missing31841
Total15597100.0
899) There is much concern about the rapid rise in medical and hospital costs. Some feel there should be a government insurance plan which would cover all medical and hospital expenses. Others feel that medical expenses should be paid by individuals, and through private insurance like Blue Cross. Where would you place [the Democratic Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (VCF9085)
 TOTAL%
0) "haven't thought much about it" for Democratic candidate's rating (1988 only); R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it" on same 7-pt scale (1972, 1976)7518.6
1) Government insurance plan113113.0
2) 101711.7
3) 99311.4
4) 8489.7
5) 3844.4
6) 2162.5
7) Private insurance plan1872.1
8) DK182821.0
9) NA; Form II (1972)135215.5
Missing38731
Total8707100.0
900) Where would you place [the Democratic Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for alternate question wordings) (VCF9086)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it" on same 7-pt scale (not 1996)124810.8
1) Gov't provide many fewer services, reduce spending a lot1701.5
2) 2862.5
3) 6525.7
4) 155613.5
5) 231720.1
6) 217618.9
7) Gov't provide many more services, increase spending a lot116610.1
8) DK9548.3
9) NA; short-form or Spanish language IW (1992); telephone IW (2000)9908.6
Missing35923
Total11515100.0
901) Where would you place [the Democratic Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for alternate question wordings) (VCF9087)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "Haven't thought much about it" on same 7-pt scale (all years exc. 1988, 1992, 1996)12516.9
1) Government see to job and good standard of living17129.5
2) 237613.1
3) 295616.3
4) 274915.2
5) 12546.9
6) 6043.3
7) Government let each person get ahead on own3862.1
8) DK224912.4
9) NA; Form II (1972); no Post IW; short-form or Spanish language IW (1992); telephone IW (2000)254514.1
Missing29356
Total18082100.0
902) Here is a 7-point scale on which the political views that people might hold are arranged from extremely liberal to extremely conservative. Where would you place [the Democratic Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (VCF9088)
 TOTAL%
0) R did not rate self on same 7-pt scale (see above)227212.6
1) Extremely liberal13527.5
2) Liberal354319.6
3) Slightly liberal291316.1
4) Moderate; middle of the road255714.1
5) Slightly conservative11076.1
6) Conservative8244.6
7) Extremely conservative2931.6
8) DK17209.5
9) NA; mail questionnaire; no Post IW; R selected for branching series version of this question (2000)15018.3
Missing29356
Total18082100.0
903) Where would you place [the Republican Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9089)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "Haven't thought much about it" (not 1996)11839.0
1) Greatly decrease defense spending1881.4
2) 2752.1
3) 6234.7
4) 148711.3
5) 264420.1
6) 288021.9
7) Greatly increase defense spending182213.9
8) DK10367.9
9) NA; short-form or Spanish language IW (1992); telephone IW (2000)9917.5
Missing34309
Total13129100.0
904) Some people feel it is important for us to try to cooperate more with Russia, while others believe we should be much tougher in our dealings with Russia. Where would you place [the Republican Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9090)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it"95216.1
1) Try to cooperate more with Russia (1984, 1988)/Important to try very hard to get along with Russia (1980)2153.6
2) 2985.0
3) 5108.6
4) 86714.7
5) 100417.0
6) 82514.0
7) Get much tougher with Russia (1984, 1988)/Big Mistake to try too hard to get along with Russia4818.1
8) DK5499.3
9) NA; no Post IW2103.6
Missing41527
Total5911100.0
905) Where would you place [the Republican Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for alternate question wordings) (VCF9091)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "Haven't thought much about it" (not 1996)5794.3
1) Women and men should have an equal role13019.8
2) 12759.6
3) 162112.2
4) 235117.6
5) 12869.6
6) 7125.3
7) Women's place is in the home4763.6
8) DK235117.6
9) NA; no Post IW; telephone IW (2000)138810.4
Missing34098
Total13340100.0
906) Where would you place [the Republican Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9092)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "Haven't thought much about it" (not 1996)14589.3
1) Government should help Blacks/minorities3762.4
2) 6214.0
3) 13338.5
4) 276917.8
5) 251616.1
6) 188712.1
7) Blacks/minorities should help themselves12658.1
8) DK190812.2
9) NA; no Post IW; telephone IW (2000)14649.4
Missing31841
Total15597100.0
907) There is much concern about the rapid rise in medical and hospital costs. Some feel there should be a government insurance plan which would cover all medical and hospital expenses. Others feel that medical expenses should be paid by individuals, and through private insurance like Blue Cross. Where would you place [the Republican Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (VCF9093)
 TOTAL%
0) "Haven't thought much about it" for Republican candidate's rating (1988 only); R self-rating is DK or "Haven't thought much about it" on same 7-pt scale (1972, 1976)7518.6
1) Government insurance plan2132.4
2) 1752.0
3) 4365.0
4) 103511.9
5) 115913.3
6) 100011.5
7) Private insurance plan7979.2
8) DK178720.5
9) NA; Form II (1972)135415.6
Missing38731
Total8707100.0
908) Where would you place [the Republican Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for alternate question wordings) (VCF9094)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it" on same 7-pt scale (not 1996)124810.8
1) Gov't provide many fewer services, reduce spending a lot10298.9
2) 182315.8
3) 217418.9
4) 177515.4
5) 9878.6
6) 5094.4
7) Gov't provide many more services, increase spending a lot2412.1
8) DK7416.4
9) NA; short-form or Spanish language IW (1992) telephone IW (2000)9888.6
Missing35923
Total11515100.0
909) Where would you place [the Republican Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for alternate question wordings) (VCF9095)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating is DK or "haven't thought much about it" on same 7-pt scale (all years exc. 1988, 1992, 1996)12516.9
1) Government see to job and good standard of living4272.4
2) 5262.9
3) 11116.1
4) 248713.8
5) 291016.1
6) 280915.5
7) Government let each person get ahead on own206311.4
8) DK195510.8
9) NA; Form II (1972); no Post IW; short-form or Spanish language IW (1992); telephone IW (2000)254314.1
Missing29356
Total18082100.0
910) Here is a 7-point scale on which the political views that people might hold are arranged from extremely liberal to extremely conservative. Where would you place [the Republican Presidential Candidate] on this scale? (VCF9096)
 TOTAL%
0) R did not rate self on same 7-pt scale (see above)227212.6
1) Extremely liberal3381.9
2) Liberal7103.9
3) Slightly liberal9385.2
4) Moderate; middle of the road183910.2
5) Slightly conservative267614.8
6) Conservative481126.6
7) Extremely conservative14638.1
8) DK15318.5
9) NA; mail questionnaire; no Post IW; R selected for branching series version of this question (2000)15048.3
Missing29356
Total18082100.0
911) Where would you place [the Democratic House Candidate] on this scale? (VCF9097)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it"; no Democratic candidate in district race (incl. Washington DC)83812.7
1) Women and men should have an equal role5398.1
2) 3935.9
3) 4216.4
4) 5848.8
5) 1642.5
6) 671.0
7) Women's place is in the home550.8
8) DK/Don't Recognize (incl. no recognition on thermometer)330750.0
9) NA; no Post IW2493.8
Missing40821
Total6617100.0
912) Where would you place [the Democratic House candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9098)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it"; no Democratic candidate in district race (incl. Washington DC)88816.6
1) Government should help Blacks/minorities1743.3
2) 2594.9
3) 4278.0
4) 61011.4
5) 2524.7
6) 1062.0
7) Blacks/minorities should help themselves511.0
8) DK/Don't Recognize233143.7
9) NA; no Post IW2384.5
Missing42102
Total5336100.0
913) Where would you place [the Democratic U.S. House Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for alternate question wordings) (VCF9099)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it"; no Democratic candidate in district race (incl. Washington DC)293818.8
1) Gov't provide many fewer services, reduce spending a lot1050.7
2) 1661.1
3) 5083.2
4) 168710.8
5) 157010.0
6) 8485.4
7) Gov't provide many more services, increase spending a lot3692.4
8) DK/Don't Recognize (incl. no recognition on thermometer)507932.5
9) NA; telephone (1984); no Post IW; telephone IW (2000)237015.2
Missing31798
Total15640100.0
914) Where would you place [the Democratic U.S. House Candidate] on this scale? (VCF9100)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it"; no Democratic candidate in district race (incl. Washington DC)175016.4
1) Government see to job and good standard of living3102.9
2) 4844.5
3) 8267.7
4) 114110.7
5) 4224.0
6) 1991.9
7) Government let each person get ahead on own1231.2
8) DK/Don't Recognize (incl. no recognition on thermometer)385736.2
9) NA; telephone (1984); no Post IW155714.6
Missing36769
Total10669100.0
915) Here is a 7-point scale on which the political views that people might hold are arranged from extremely liberal to extremely conservative. Where would you place [the Democratic U.S. House Candidate] on this scale? (VCF9101)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it" (see above); no Democratic candidate in district race (incl. Washington DC)313618.1
1) Extremely liberal2841.6
2) Liberal12717.3
3) Slightly liberal172510.0
4) Moderate; middle of the road221412.8
5) Slightly conservative9565.5
6) Conservative5683.3
7) Extremely conservative1560.9
8) DK/Don't Recognize (incl. no recognition on thermometer)626536.2
9) NA; no Post IW (1980, 2000); telephone IW (2000)7264.2
Missing30137
Total17301100.0
916) Where would you place [the Republican U.S. House Candidate] on this scale? (VCF9102)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it"; no Republican candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.)114017.2
1) Women and men should have an equal role2794.2
2) 2533.8
3) 3445.2
4) 5588.4
5) 2573.9
6) 971.5
7) Women's place is in the home761.1
8) DK/Don't Recognize (incl. no recognition on thermometer)335550.7
9) NA; no Post IW2583.9
Missing40821
Total6617100.0
917) Where would you place [the Republican U.S. House Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9103)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it"; no Republican candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.)131224.6
1) Government should help Blacks/minorities490.9
2) 811.5
3) 2093.9
4) 5179.7
5) 3456.5
6) 1623.0
7) Blacks/minorities should help themselves671.3
8) DK/Don't Recognize235344.1
9) NA; no Post IW2414.5
Missing42102
Total5336100.0
918) Where would you place [the Republican U.S. House Candidate] on this scale? (see ARDA summary page for alternate question wordings) (VCF9104)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it"; no Republican candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.)322920.6
1) Gov't provide many fewer services, reduce spending a lot2441.6
2) 6444.1
3) 11697.5
4) 15359.8
5) 7204.6
6) 2041.3
7) Gov't provide many more services, increase spending a lot860.5
8) DK/Don't Recognize (incl. no recognition on thermometer)541234.6
9) NA; telephone IW (1984, 2000); no Post IW239715.3
Missing31798
Total15640100.0
919) Where would you place [the Republican U.S. House Candidate] on this scale? (VCF9105)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it"; no Republican candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.)198318.6
1) Government see to job and good standard of living1031.0
2) 1471.4
3) 4213.9
4) 9649.0
5) 7687.2
6) 4734.4
7) Government let each person get ahead on own2372.2
8) DK/Don't Recognize (incl. no recognition on thermometer)402237.7
9) NA; telephone IW (1984); no Post IW155114.5
Missing36769
Total10669100.0
920) Here is a 7-point scale on which the political views that people might hold are arranged from extremely liberal to extremely conservative. Where would you place [the Republican U.S. House Candidate] on this scale? (VCF9106)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it" (see above); no Republican candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.)366121.2
1) Extremely liberal890.5
2) Liberal2351.4
3) Slightly liberal5333.1
4) Moderate; middle of the road16269.4
5) Slightly conservative185010.7
6) Conservative180910.5
7) Extremely conservative3031.8
8) DK/Don't Recognize (incl. no recognition on thermometer)616435.6
9) NA; no Post IW; R selected for branching series version of this question (2000)10316.0
Missing30137
Total17301100.0
921) Women's equal role -- incumbent House candidate placement on 7-point scale (VCF9107)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it" (see above); no incumbent candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.)98014.8
1) Women and men should have an equal role5087.7
2) 4186.3
3) 5157.8
4) 76711.6
5) 2744.1
6) 1111.7
7) Women's place is in the home901.4
8) DK/Don't Recognize270640.9
9) NA; no Post IW2483.7
Missing40821
Total6617100.0
922) Aid to blacks -- incumbent House candidate placement on 7-point scale (VCF9108)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it" (see above); no incumbent candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.)113721.3
1) Government should help Blacks/minorities1583.0
2) 2314.3
3) 4268.0
4) 73313.7
5) 3937.4
6) 1793.4
7) Blacks/minorities should help themselves811.5
8) DK/Don't Recognize176333.0
9) NA; no Post IW2354.4
Missing42102
Total5336100.0
923) Govt services/spending -- incumbent House candidate placement on 7-point scale (VCF9109)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it" (see above); no incumbent candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.)286518.7
1) Government should provide many fewer services: reduce spending a lot2081.4
2) 4823.1
3) 10026.5
4) 211913.8
5) 155710.2
6) 7144.7
7) Government should provide many more services: increase spending a lot3062.0
8) DK/Don't Recognize380624.8
9) NA; telephone IW (1984, 2000); no Post IW228014.9
Missing32099
Total15339100.0
924) Guaranteed jobs/living -- incumbent House candidate placement on 7-point scale (VCF9110)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it" (see above); no incumbent candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.)204719.2
1) Government see to job and good standard of living3082.9
2) 4163.9
3) 8067.6
4) 129812.2
5) 7657.2
6) 4354.1
7) Government let each person get ahead on own2222.1
8) DK/Don't Recognize282526.5
9) NA; telephone (1984); no Post IW154714.5
Missing36769
Total10669100.0
925) Liberal/conservative -- incumbent House candidate placement on 7-point scale (VCF9111)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it" (see above); no incumbent candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.)354020.8
1) Extremely liberal2471.5
2) Liberal9525.6
3) Slightly liberal13878.2
4) Moderate; middle of the road247714.6
5) Slightly conservative182510.7
6) Conservative16019.4
7) Extremely conservative3061.8
8) DK/Don't Recognize404123.8
9) NA; no Post IW; R selected for branching series version of this question (2000)6243.7
Missing30438
Total17000100.0
926) Women's equal role -- challenger House candidate placement on 7-point scale (VCF9112)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it" (see above); no incumbent candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.); incumbent unopposed217932.9
1) Women and men should have an equal role2053.1
2) 1602.4
3) 1742.6
4) 2744.1
5) 1161.8
6) 410.6
7) Women's place is in the home320.5
8) DK/Don't Recognize318648.1
9) NA; no Post IW2503.8
Missing40821
Total6617100.0
927) Aid to blacks -- challenger House candidate placement on 7-point scale (VCF9113)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it" (see above); no incumbent candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.); incumbent unopposed190435.7
1) Government should help Blacks/minorities420.8
2) 691.3
3) 1532.9
4) 2815.3
5) 1472.8
6) 721.3
7) Blacks/minorities should help themselves300.6
8) DK/Don't Recognize239945.0
9) NA; no Post IW2394.5
Missing42102
Total5336100.0
928) Govt services/spending -- challenger House candidate placement on 7-point scale (VCF9114)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it" (see above); no incumbent candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.); incumbent unopposed541535.7
1) Gov't provide many fewer services, reduce spending a lot1090.7
2) 2381.6
3) 4923.2
4) 8055.3
5) 5103.4
6) 2191.4
7) Gov't provide many more services, increase spending a lot890.6
8) DK/Don't Recognize532035.1
9) NA; telephone IW (1984, 2000); no Post IW198113.1
Missing32260
Total15178100.0
929) Guaranteed jobs/living -- challenger House candidate placement on 7-point scale (VCF9115)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it" (see above); no incumbent candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.); incumbent unopposed340631.9
1) Government see to job and good standard of living670.6
2) 1461.4
3) 3233.0
4) 5605.2
5) 2922.7
6) 1621.5
7) Government let each person get ahead on own1041.0
8) DK/Don't Recognize405638.0
9) NA; telephone (1984); no Post IW155314.6
Missing36769
Total10669100.0
930) Liberal/conservative -- challenger House candidate placement on 7-point scale (VCF9116)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK or "haven't thought much about it" (see above); no incumbent candidate in district race (incl. Washington D.C.); incumbent unopposed588635.0
1) Extremely liberal820.5
2) Liberal3382.0
3) Slightly liberal5683.4
4) Moderate; middle of the road9265.5
5) Slightly conservative7294.3
6) Conservative6123.6
7) Extremely conservative1150.7
8) DK/Don't Recognize688940.9
9) NA; no Post IW; R selected for branching series version of this question (2000)6944.1
Missing30599
Total16839100.0
931) Some people feel it is important for us to try to cooperate more with Russia, while others believe we should be much tougher in our dealings with Russia. Where would you place what the Federal Government is doing at the present time? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9117)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK/"haven't thought much about it"95216.1
1) Try to cooperate more with Russia (1984, 1988)/Important to try very hard to get along with Russia (1980)3015.1
2) 4798.1
3) 81513.8
4) 125121.2
5) 78313.2
6) 4467.5
7) Get much tougher with Russia (1984, 1988)/Big Mistake to try too hard to get along with Russia1853.1
8) DK4858.2
9) NA; no Post IW2143.6
Missing41527
Total5911100.0
932) Some people believe that we should spend much less money for defense. Others feel that defense spending should be greatly increased. Where would you place what the Federal Government is doing at the present time? (VCF9118)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK/"haven't thought much about it"200814.4
1) Greatly decrease defense spending1891.4
2) 4533.2
3) 10187.3
4) 241017.3
5) 297121.3
6) 238117.0
7) Greatly increase defense spending12949.3
8) DK10357.4
9) NA; short-form or Spanish language IW (1992)2111.5
Missing33468
Total13970100.0
933) Where would you place what the Federal Government is doing at the present time? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (VCF9119)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK/"haven't thought much about it"120112.9
1) Government should help blacks (1988a)/minorities (1988b)/minority groups (1980, 1984)4584.9
2) 8699.3
3) 143615.4
4) 195521.0
5) 118912.8
6) 7007.5
7) Blacks (1988a)/Minorities (1988b)/Minority groups (1980, 1984) should help themselves3313.6
8) DK94610.2
9) NA; no Post IW2242.4
Missing38129
Total9309100.0
934) Where would you place what the Federal Government is doing at the present time? (VCF9120)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK/"haven't thought much about it"210317.0
1) Gov't provide many fewer services, reduce spending a lot6315.1
2) 11099.0
3) 221217.9
4) 262421.2
5) 146211.8
6) 7195.8
7) Gov't provide many more services, increase spending a lot4023.3
8) DK8927.2
9) NA; short-form or Spanish language IW (1992)2021.6
Missing35082
Total12356100.0
935) Where would you place what the Federal Government is doing at the present time? (VCF9121)
 TOTAL%
0) R self-rating was DK/"haven't thought much about it"160216.3
1) Government see to job and good standard of living2112.1
2) 4664.7
3) 99810.2
4) 202620.6
5) 149915.3
6) 109911.2
7) Government let each person get ahead on own7908.0
8) DK9219.4
9) NA; no Post IW; short-form or Spanish language IW (1992)2022.1
Missing37624
Total9814100.0
936) Household composition, number of politically eligible adults (VCF9122)
 TOTAL%
1) One politically eligible adult880625.2
2) 1815551.9
3) 30198.6
4) 8682.5
5) 1630.5
6) 460.1
7) Seven or more politically eligible adults70.0
9) NA; Panel (1992, 1996)390611.2
Missing12468
Total34970100.0
937) Call number of last interviewer call to housing unit, pre-election. (VCF9123)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total146404.775.60
938) Call number of last interviewer call to housing unit, post-election. (VCF9124)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total255947.2916.41
939) Was a persuasion letter requested/sent to the respondent? (VCF9125)
 TOTAL%
1) Yes14326.5
5) No2020591.3
9) NA; no Post IW4882.2
Missing25313
Total22125100.0
940) Next, I am going to ask you to choose which of two statements I read comes closer to your own opinion. You might agree to some extent with both, but we want to know which one is closer to your (2000: own) views: ONE, the less government the better; or TWO, there are more things that government should be doing (VCF9131)
 TOTAL%
1) Less government the better213028.5
2) More things government should be doing352247.1
8) DK; both, depends (1990, 1992)1982.6
9) NA; Form B (1990); no Post IW163421.8
Missing39954
Total7484100.0
941) Next, I am going to ask you to choose which of two statements I read comes closer to your own opinion. You might agree to some extent with both, but we want to know which one is closer to your (2000: own) views: ONE, we need a strong government to handle today's complex economic problems; or TWO, the free market can handle these problems without government being involved (VCF9132)
 TOTAL%
1) Strong government384251.3
2) Free market170722.8
8) DK; both, depends (1990, 1992)2994.0
9) NA; Form B (1990); no Post IW163621.9
Missing39954
Total7484100.0
942) Next, I am going to ask you to choose which of two statements I read comes closer to your own opinion. You might agree to some extent with both, but we want to know which one is closer to your (2000: own) views: ONE, the main reason government has become bigger over the years is because it has gotten involved in things that people should do for themselves; or TWO, government has become bigger because the problems we face have become bigger (VCF9133)
 TOTAL%
1) Gotten involved in things223029.8
2) Problems we face are bigger336545.0
8) DK; both, depends (1990, 1992)2553.4
9) NA; Form B (1990); no Post IW163421.8
Missing39954
Total7484100.0
943) Next, I am going to ask you to choose which of two statements I read comes closer to your own opinion. You might agree to some extent with both, but we want to know which one is closer to your (2000: own) views: ONE, it is more important to be a cooperative person who works well with others; or TWO, it is more important to be a self-reliant person able to take care of oneself (VCF9134)
 TOTAL%
1) Cooperative137436.3
2) Self-reliant102026.9
8) DK; both, depends (1990)1493.9
9) NA; Form B (1990); no Post IW124432.8
Missing43651
Total3787100.0
944) Vote Validation: Election Office Number (VCF9149)
 NMeanStd. Deviation
Total845380.6497.29
945) Vote Valid: R Registration Status (Self-reported) (VCF9150)
 TOTAL%
0) No Post IW (no self-report of registration) (1980, 1984, 1988)7396.0
1) Yes, implicit (R self-report voted)699056.5
2) Yes, explicit176614.3
3) No, not registered; DK; NA; etc.287623.2
Missing35067
Total12371100.0
946) Vote Valid: R Turnout (Self-reported) (VCF9151)
 TOTAL%
0) No Post IW (no self-report of vote)11997.4
1) Yes, voted954058.9
5) No, did not vote543233.6
8) DK; NA; refused180.1
9) 1976 non-Panel Rs10.0
Missing31248
Total16190100.0
947) Vote Valid: Attempted Validation of Registration (VCF9152)
 TOTAL%
0) 1976 non-Panel Rs10.0
1) Yes, attempted1329282.1
2) No: R says is not registered (1984-1990); R says not required/DK? NA if registered (1984-1990)186011.5
3) No: No respondent named and/or insufficient address (all years); registered out of area (except 1984, 1990); Washington DC [Note: code 2 has priority]4993.1
4) No: Same-day registration (1964, 1980)1050.6
5) No: Records not sent out due to: Office error (1980); No Post IW (1964, some cases in 1976)4072.5
7) No: Office refuses all access to registration records260.2
Missing31248
Total16190100.0
948) Vote Valid: Status of Office Voting Records (VCF9153)
 TOTAL%
0) Office not identified (0 in VCF9149: 1984, 1986 only); 1976 non-Panel Rs10307.0
1) Office records appear to be adequate, no information about deficiencies1243985.1
2) Some office voting records not accessible*4993.4
3) R's name unknown and/or insufficient address and/or registered out of area** (not 1984, 1986: see code 0)2251.5
5) No office voting records accessible***1060.7
8) DK (1980: 0, 9 in orig. dataset var 1207: 27 cases office error [5 in VCF9152] and 31 cases registered at different address [see note VCF9152]; 1976: 5 in VCF9152, records not sent to field)3172.2
9) Office refused (7 in VCF9152)30.0
Missing32819
Total14619100.0
949) Vote Valid: Was R Registration Validated (VCF9154)
 TOTAL%
0) 3, 7 in VCF9152 (all years); 2 in VCF9152 (1984 1990 only); 5 in VCF9152 (1964, 1976, 1980 only); 4 in VCF9152 (1964, 1980 only)289717.9
1) Yes, a registration record was found that matches1016162.8
2) A registration record was found but it is inactive/purged/to be process (1976, 1978, 1984-1990 only, see note above)2741.7
5) No registration record was found285717.6
8) DK (1980 ONLY: code 9 in original var 1207, 31 cases registered at different address)00.0
9) 1976 non-Panel Rs10.0
Missing31248
Total16190100.0
950) Vote Validation: Was R Vote Validated (VCF9155)
 TOTAL%
0) 3, 7 in VCF9152 (all years); 2 in VCF9152 (1984, 1990 only); 5 in VCF9152 (1964, 1976); 5 in VCF9152 or 8 in VCF9153 (1980 only)289117.9
1) Yes805449.7
3) Registration record was found, no record of R voting239814.8
5) No registration record found; no record of voting found284617.6
9) 1976 non-Panel Rs10.0
Missing31248
Total16190100.0
951) Respondent's gender (Recoded for use with online analysis) (I-GENDER)
 TOTAL%
1) Male2101844.4
2) Female2631755.6
Missing103
Total47335100.0
952) What racial or ethnic group or groups best describes you? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (Recoded for use with online analysis) (I-RACE)
 TOTAL%
1) White3911583.0
2) Black516311.0
3) Asian3700.8
4) Native American8241.7
5) Hispanic14873.2
6) Other1410.3
Missing338
Total47100100.0
953) What is the month, day and year of your birth? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (Recoded for use with online analysis) (I-AGE)
 TOTAL%
1) 17-2445709.7
2) 25-341024621.7
3) 35-44988321.0
4) 45-54784016.6
5) 55-64653713.9
6) 65 and older803417.1
Missing328
Total47110100.0
954) What is the highest degree that you have earned? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (Recoded for use with online analysis) (I-EDUC)
 TOTAL%
1) Grade school or less (0-8 grades)783016.7
2) High school (12 grades or fewer)2188846.6
3) Some college (13 grades or more but no degree)919119.6
4) College or advanced degree805917.2
Missing470
Total46968100.0
955) Do you mostly attend a place of worship that is Protestant, Roman Catholic, Jewish or what? (IF R DOESN'T ATTEND RELIGIOUS SERVICES:) Regardless of whether you now attend any religious services do you ever think of yourself as part of a particular church or denomination? (IF YES:) Do you consider yourself Protestant, Roman Catholic, Jewish or what? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (Recoded for use with online analysis) (I-RELIGION)
 TOTAL%
1) Protestant3062065.2
2) Catholic1096223.4
3) Jewish11712.5
4) Other and none (also includes don't know preference)41818.9
Missing504
Total46934100.0
956) Thinking about your life these days, do you ever attend religious services, apart from occasional weddings, baptisms or funerals? (IF YES:) Do you go to religious services every week, almost every week, once or twice a month, a few times a year, or never? (see ARDA summary page for previous question wordings) (Recoded for use with online analysis) (I-ATTEND)
 TOTAL%
1) Every week889126.8
2) Almost every week (no cases in 1970)371711.2
3) Once or twice a month451213.6
4) A few times a year781323.5
5) Never690620.8
6) No religious preference (1970-1988)13954.2
Missing14204
Total33234100.0

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