Religion and Rule of Law - Codebook

All frequencies are raw numbers (no weights used).

1) Country's Name (in all caps) (COUNTRY)
2) Country_number (COUNTRY_NUMBER)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	118.50	68.27

3) Three Letter Abbreviation for Country (COUNTRY_CODE)
4) Measures the voice and accountability of the country in 2004 (VOICE_ACC_2004)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	206	0.00	1.00

5) Measures the political stability of the country in 2004 (POLIT_STAB_2004)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	206	-0.01	1.00

6) Measures the government effectiveness of the country in 2004 (GOVT_EFFECT_2004)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	208	0.00	1.00

7) Measures the regulatory quality of the country in 2004 (REG_QUAL_2004)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	203	-0.01	1.00

8) Measures the rule of law of the country in 2004 (RULE_LAW_2004)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	207	-0.01	1.00

9) Measures the control of corruption in the country in 2002 (CONTROL_CORRUPT_2004)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	203	-0.01	1.00

10) GDP per capita in U.S. dollars circa 2001-2003 (purchasing power parity) (GDP_PER_CAPITA)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	226	9,532.42	9,949.24

11) Natural log of GDP per capita in U.S. dollars circa 2001-2003 (purchasing power parity) (LOGGDP)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	226	8.55	1.19

12) GDP per capita in thousands of U.S. dollars circa 2001-2003 (purchasing power parity) (GDP_THOUSANDS)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	226	9.53	9.95

13) Sum of percentages of country's land composed of arable land and permanent crops (CROPLAND_PCT)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	230	17.71	15.70

14) Equal to the nearest degree of latitude of the country's geographical center (LATITUDE)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	234	25.21	17.07

15) Lat_North (LAT_NORTH)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		23.1
1) If the geographical center of the country is in the northern latitudes		76.9
Missing	2
Total	234	100.0

16) Landlocked (LANDLOCKED)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		82.6
1) If the country is landlocked		17.4
Total	236	100.0

17) Total population of the country in 2004 divided by total land area of the country in square kilometers (POP_DENSITY)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	231	375.11	1,705.32

18) Median age of the total population of the country in 2004 (MEDIAN_AGE)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	220	27.07	8.02

19) Life expectancy at birth for the total population of the country in 2004 (LIFE_EXPECTANCY)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	221	67.15	12.38

20) Literacy rate of the total adult population in the country in 2004 (Note: In most countries, the measure is for population age 15 and over. In a small number of countries, the minimum age of the included population differs from 15) (LITERACY_RATE)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	214	83.00	19.76

21) Military expenditures as a percentage of GDP in 2003 or closest available year (MILITARY_PCT_GDP)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	168	2.74	2.94

22) Percentage of years from 1901 to 1990 that a country had a negative Polity Index score in the Polity IV database. A negative score indicates a Democracy score less than the Autocracy score. For countries that are not in the Polity IV data base for all years 1901 to 1990, the variable is the percentage of years with a negative score for only those years in the Polity IV database. Germany was coded based upon both East and West Germany from 1946 to 1990, weighting the number of negative score years by the population of each nation in 1970 according to Barrett et al. (2001). A negative score for West Germany was treated as 0.78063 years and a negative score for East Germany was coded as 0.21937 year (POLITY4_NEG_YRS)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	164	65.67	38.03

23) Note: A country is considered to have a state religion only if Barrett et al. list the country as 'R' (religious) and also affiliated with a specific religion. The 'RC' or 'RI' or 'RP' are considered to have a state religion while 'R' does not. (BKJ_STATE1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		47.5
1) If the country had an official state religion in 1900		52.5
Total	236	100.0

24) Note: A country is considered to have a state religion only if Barrett et al. list the country as 'R' (religious) and also affiliated with a specific religion. The 'RC' or 'RI' or 'RP' are considered to have a state religion while 'R' does not. (BKJ_STATE1970)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		64.0
1) If the country had an official state religion in 1970		36.0
Total	236	100.0

25) BKJ_State1990 Note: A country is considered to have a state religion only if Barrett et al. list the country as 'R' (religious) and also affiliated with a specific religion. The 'RC' or 'RI' or 'RP' are considered to have a state religion while 'R' does not. (BKJ_STATE1990)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		65.5
1) If the country had an official state religion in 1990		34.5
Missing	1
Total	235	100.0

26) BKJ_State2000 Note: A country is considered to have a state religion only if Barrett et al. list the country as 'R' (religious) and also affiliated with a specific religion. The 'RC' or 'RI' or 'RP' are considered to have a state religion while 'R' does not. (BKJ_STATE2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		63.0
1) If the country had an official state religion in 2000		37.0
Missing	1
Total	235	100.0

27) Indicating the largest religious group in the country in 2000 (LRG1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
1) Protestantism (includes Protestants, Independents, and Anglicans combined)		24.6
2) Catholicism		33.9
4) Orthodox Christianity		5.9
5) Islam		22.0
6) African Ethnoreligion		3.0
7) Buddhism		3.4
8) Hinduism		2.1
9) Judaism		0.4
10) Nonreligious		1.7
11) Other Religion		0.4
14) Asian Ethnoreligion		0.4
15) Chinese Folk Religion		2.1
Total	236	100.0

28) Prot_LRG1_2000 (PROT_LRG1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		75.4
1) If Protestantism is the largest religious group in the country in 2000		24.6
Total	236	100.0

29) Cath_LRG1_2000 (CATH_LRG1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		66.1
1) If Catholicism is the largest religious group in the country in 2000		33.9
Total	236	100.0

30) Orth_LRG1_2000 (ORTH_LRG1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		94.1
1) If Orthodox Christianity is the largest religious group in the country in 2000		5.9
Total	236	100.0

31) Islam_LRG1_2000 (ISLAM_LRG1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		78.0
1) If Islam is the largest religious group in the country in 2000		22.0
Total	236	100.0

32) African_LRG1_2000 (AFRICAN_LRG1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		97.0
1) If Country is in Africa and ethnoreligion is the largest religious group in the country in 2000		3.0
Total	236	100.0

33) Buddhism_LRG1_2000 (BUDDHISM_LRG1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		96.6
1) If Buddhism is the largest religious group in the country in 2000		3.4
Total	236	100.0

34) Hindu_LRG1_2000 (HINDU_LRG1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		97.9
1) If Hinduism is the largest religious group in the country in 2000		2.1
Total	236	100.0

35) Judaism_LRG1_2000 (JUDAISM_LRG1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		99.6
1) If Judaism is the largest religious group in the country in 2000		0.4
Total	236	100.0

36) Nonrel_LRG1_2000 (NONREL_LRG1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		98.3
1) If Nonreligious is the largest religious group in the country in 2000		1.7
Total	236	100.0

37) Unaffiliated_LRG1_2000 (UNAFFIL_LRG1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		99.6
1) If Unaffiliated Christian is the largest group in the country in 2000		0.4
Total	236	100.0

38) China_Asia_LRG1_2000 (CHINA_ASIA_LRG1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		97.5
1) If Chinese folk religion of Asian ethnoreligion is the largest religious group in the country in 2000		2.5
Total	236	100.0

39) Indicating the majority (50 percent or more) religious group in the country in 2000 (MAJ1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
1) Protestantism (includes Protestants, Independents, and Anglicans combined)		19.5
2) Catholicism		29.7
4) Orthodox Christianity		3.8
5) Islam		18.6
6) African Ethnoreligion		0.8
7) Buddhism		2.5
8) Hinduism		0.8
9) Judaism		0.4
10) Nonreligious		0.4
12) No Majority		22.5
15) Chinese Folk Religion		0.8
Total	236	100.0

40) Prot_MAJ1_2000 (PROT_MAJ1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		80.5
1) If Protestantism is the majority religious group in the country in 2000		19.5
Total	236	100.0

41) Cath_MAJ1_2000 (CATH_MAJ1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		70.3
1) If Catholicism is the majority religious group in the country in 2000		29.7
Total	236	100.0

42) Orth_MAJ1_2000 (ORTH_MAJ1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		96.2
1) If Orthodox Christianity is the majority religious group in the country in 2000		3.8
Total	236	100.0

43) Islam_MAJ1_2000 (ISLAM_MAJ1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		81.4
1) If Islam is the largest religious group in the country in 2000		18.6
Total	236	100.0

44) African_MAJ1_2000 (AFRICAN_MAJ1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		99.2
1) If country is in Africa and ethnoreligion is the majority religious group in the country in 2000		0.8
Total	236	100.0

45) Buddhism_MAJ1_2000 (BUDDHISM_MAJ1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		97.5
1) If Buddhism is the majority religious group in the country in 2000		2.5
Total	236	100.0

46) Hindu_MAJ1_2000 (HINDU_MAJ1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		99.2
1) If Hinduism is the majority religious group in the country in 2000		0.8
Total	236	100.0

47) Judaism_MAJ1_2000 (JUDAISM_MAJ1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		99.6
1) If Judaism is the majority religious group in the country in 2000		0.4
Total	236	100.0

48) Nonrel_MAJ1_2000 (NONREL_MAJ1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		99.6
1) If Nonreligious is the majority religious group in the country in 2000		0.4
Total	236	100.0

49) Chinese_MAJ1_2000 (CHINESE_MAJ1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		99.2
1) If Chinese folk religion or Asian ethnoreligion is the majority religious group in the country in 2000		0.8
Total	236	100.0

50) No_MAJ1_2000 (NO_MAJ1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		77.5
1) If there is no majority religious group in the country in 2000		22.5
Total	236	100.0

51) Indicating the super-majority (80 percent or more) religious group in the country in 2000 (SUPER1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
1) Protestantism (includes Protestants, Independents, and Anglicans combined)		4.7
2) Catholicism		14.8
4) Orthodox Christian		0.4
5) Islam		14.4
7) Buddhism		0.8
12) No Super-Majority		64.8
Total	236	100.0

52) Prot_Super1_2000 (PROT_SUPER1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		95.3
1) If Protestantism is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 2000		4.7
Total	236	100.0

53) Cath_Super1_2000 (CATH_SUPER1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		85.2
1) If Catholicism is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 2000		14.8
Total	236	100.0

54) Orth_Super1_2000 (ORTH_SUPER1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		99.6
1) If Orthodox Christianity is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 2000		0.4
Total	236	100.0

55) Islam_Super1_2000 (ISLAM_SUPER1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		85.6
1) If Islam is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 2000		14.4
Total	236	100.0

56) Buddhism_Super1_2000 (BUDDHISM_SUPER1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		99.2
1) If Buddhism is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 2000		0.8
Total	236	100.0

57) No_Super1_2000 (NO_SUPER1_2000)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		35.2
1) If there is no religious group that is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 2000		64.8
Total	236	100.0

58) Indicating the largest religious group in the country in 1900 (LRG1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
1) Protestantism (includes Protestants, Independents, and Anglicans combined)		22.5
2) Catholicism		25.8
4) Orthodox Christianity		5.5
5) Islam		18.6
6) African Ethnoreligion		15.3
7) Buddhism		3.4
8) Hinduism		2.1
13) Pacific Ethnoreligion		3.0
14) Asian Ethnoreligion		1.3
15) Chinese Folk Religion		2.5
Total	236	100.0

59) Prot_LRG1_1900 (PROT_LRG1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		77.5
1) If Protestantism is the largest religious group in the country in 1900		22.5
Total	236	100.0

60) Cath_LRG1_1900 (CATH_LRG1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		74.2
1) If Catholicism is the largest religious group in the country in 1900		25.8
Total	236	100.0

61) Orth_LRG1_1900 (ORTH_LRG1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		94.5
1) If Orthodox Christianity is the largest religious group in the country in 1900		5.5
Total	236	100.0

62) Islam_LRG1_1900 (ISLAM_LRG1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		81.4
1) If Islam is the largest religious group in the country in 1900		18.6
Total	236	100.0

63) African_LRG1_1900 (AFRICAN_LRG1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		84.7
1) If country is in Africa and ethnoreligion is the largest religious groups in the country in 1900		15.3
Total	236	100.0

64) Buddhism_LRG1_1900 (BUDDHISM_LRG1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		96.6
1) If Buddhism is the largest religious group in the country in 1900		3.4
Total	236	100.0

65) Hindu_LRG1_1900 (HINDU_LRG1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		97.9
1) If Hinduism is the largest religious group in the country in 1900		2.1
Total	236	100.0

66) Pacific_LRG1_1900 (PACIFIC_LRG1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		97.0
1) If country is in Pacific and ethnoreligion is the largest religious group in the country in 1900		3.0
Total	236	100.0

67) China_Asia_LRG1_1900 (CHINA_ASIA_LRG1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		96.2
1) If Chinese folk religion or Asian ethnoreligion is the largest religious group in the country in 1900		3.8
Total	236	100.0

68) MAJ1_1900 Indicating the majority (50 percent or more) religious group in the country in 1900 (MAJ1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
1) Protestantism (includes Protestants, Independents, and Anglicans combined)		20.3
2) Catholicism		25.4
4) Orthodox Christianity		5.1
5) Islam		18.2
6) African Ethnoreligion		14.8
7) Buddhism		3.4
8) Hinduism		1.7
12) No Majority		5.1
13) Pacific Island Ethnoreligion		2.5
14) Asian Ethnoreligion		1.3
15) Chinese Folk Religion		2.1
Total	236	100.0

69) Prot_MAJ1_1900 (PROT_MAJ1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		79.7
1) If Protestantism is the majority religious group in the country in 1900		20.3
Total	236	100.0

70) Cath_MAJ1_1900 (CATH_MAJ1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		74.6
1) If Catholicism is the majority religious group in the country in 1900		25.4
Total	236	100.0

71) Orth_MAJ1_1900 (ORTH_MAJ1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		94.9
1) If Orthodox Christianity is the majority religious group in the country in 1900		5.1
Total	236	100.0

72) Islam_MAJ1_1900 (ISLAM_MAJ1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		81.8
1) If Islam is the largest religious group in the country in 1900		18.2
Total	236	100.0

73) African_MAJ1_1900 (AFRICAN_MAJ1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		85.2
1) If country is in Africa and ethnoreligion is the majority religious group in the country in 1900		14.8
Total	236	100.0

74) Buddhism_MAJ1_1900 (BUDDHISM_MAJ1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) 0		96.6
1) If Buddhism is the majority religious group in the country in 1900		3.4
Total	236	100.0

75) Hindu_MAJ1_1900 (HINDU_MAJ1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		98.3
1) If Hinduism is the majority religious group in the country in 1900		1.7
Total	236	100.0

76) Pacific_MAJ1_1900 (PACIFIC_MAJ_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		97.5
1) If country is in Pacific and ethnoreligion is the majority religious group in the country in 1900		2.5
Total	236	100.0

77) China_Asia_MAJ1_1900 (CHINA_ASIA_MAJ1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		96.6
1) If Chinese folk religion or Asian ethnoreligion is the majority religious group in the country in 1900		3.4
Total	236	100.0

78) No_MAJ1_1900 (NO_MAJ1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		94.9
1) If there is no majority religious group in the country in 1900		5.1
Total	236	100.0

79) Super1_1900 Indicating the super-majority (80 percent or more) religious group in the country in 1900 (SUPER1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
1) Protestantism (includes Protestants, Independents, and Anglicans combined)		13.6
2) Catholicism		20.8
4) Orthodox Christian		2.5
5) Islam		14.4
6) African Ethnoreligion		12.7
7) Buddhism		1.7
8) Hinduism		0.4
12) No Super-Majority		30.1
13) Pacific Island Ethnoreligion		1.7
14) Asian Ethnoreligion		0.8
15) Chinese Folk Religion		1.3
Total	236	100.0

80) Prot_Super1_1900 (PROT_SUPER1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		86.4
1) If Protestantism is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 1900		13.6
Total	236	100.0

81) Cath_Super1_1900 (CATH_SUPER1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		79.2
1) If Catholicism is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 1900		20.8
Total	236	100.0

82) Orth_Super1_1900 (ORTH_SUPER1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		97.5
1) If Orthodox Christianity is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 1900		2.5
Total	236	100.0

83) Islam_Super1_1900 (ISLAM_SUPER1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		85.6
1) If Islam is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 1900		14.4
Total	236	100.0

84) African_Super1_1900 (AFRICAN_SUPER1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		87.3
1) If country is in Africa and ethnoreligion is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 1900		12.7
Total	236	100.0

85) Buddhism_Super1_1900 (BUDD_S00)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		98.3
1) If Buddhism is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 1900		1.7
Total	236	100.0

86) Hindu_Super1_1900 (HINDU_SUPER1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		99.6
1) If Hinduism is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 1900		0.4
Total	236	100.0

87) Pacific_Super1_1900 (PACIFIC_SUPER1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		98.3
1) If country is in Pacific and ethnoreligion is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 1900		1.7
Total	236	100.0

88) China_Asia_Super1_1900 (CHINA_ASIA_SUPER1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		97.9
1) If Chinese folk religion or Asian ethnoreligion is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 1900		2.1
Total	236	100.0

89) Chinese_Super1_1900\V (CHINESE_SUPER1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		98.7
1) If Chinese folk religion is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 1900		1.3
Total	236	100.0

90) No_Super1_1900 (NO_SUPER1_1900)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		69.9
1) If there is no religious group that is at least 80 percent of the country's population in 1900		30.1
Total	236	100.0

91) Colony_Australia (COLONY_AUSTRALIA)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		97.9
1) If country is or has been administered by Australia		2.1
Total	236	100.0

92) Colony_Austro_Hung (COLONY_AUSTRO_HUNG)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		97.0
1) If country was party of the Austro_Hungarian empire		3.0
Total	236	100.0

93) Colony_Belgium (COLONY_BELGIUM)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		98.7
1) If country was a Belgian colony		1.3
Total	236	100.0

94) Colony_Britain (Note: The U.S. is not coded as a former colony) (COLONY_BRITAIN)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		64.8
1) If country was a British colony, protectorate, mandate, etc.		35.2
Total	236	100.0

95) Colony_China (COLONY_CHINA)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		98.3
1) If country was ruled by China		1.7
Total	236	100.0

96) Colony_Denmark (COLONY_DENMARK)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		98.3
1) If country was/is ruled by Denmark		1.7
Total	236	100.0

97) Colony_France (COLONY_FRANCE)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		83.5
1) If country was/is a colony or otherwise ruled by France		16.5
Total	236	100.0

98) Colony_Germany (Note: Wartime occupation is not included) (COLONY_GERMANY)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		94.5
1) If country was a colony or otherwise ruled by Germany		5.5
Total	236	100.0

99) Colony_Italy (COLONY_ITALY)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		99.2
1) If country was a colony or otherwise ruled by Italy		0.8
Total	236	100.0

100) Colony_Japan (Note: Wartime occupation is not included) (COLONY_JAPAN)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		97.0
1) If country was a colony or otherwise ruled by Japan		3.0
Total	236	100.0

101) Colony_Neth (COLONY_NETH)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		96.6
1) If country was/is a colony or otherwise ruled by The Netherlands		3.4
Total	236	100.0

102) Colony_New_Zealand (COLONY_NEW_ZEALAND)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		98.3
1) If country was/is a territory or otherwise ruled by New Zealand		1.7
Total	236	100.0

103) Colony_Norway (COLONY_NORWAY)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		99.2
1) If country was/is a territory or otherwise ruled by Norway		0.8
Total	236	100.0

104) Colony_Portugal (COLONY_PORTUGAL)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		96.2
1) If country was/is a colony or otherwise ruled by Portugal		3.8
Total	236	100.0

105) Colony_Russia (COLONY_RUSSIA)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		93.2
1) If country was/is a territory of Russia, a component of the USSR, or otherwise ruled by Russia/USSR		6.8
Total	236	100.0

106) Colony_Spain (COLONY_SPAIN)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		87.3
1) If country was/is a colony or otherwise ruled by Spain		12.7
Total	236	100.0

107) Colony_Turkey (COLONY_TURKEY)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		89.8
1) If country was ruled by the Ottoman Empire		10.2
Total	236	100.0

108) Colony_USA (COLONY_USA)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		95.3
1) If country was/is a territory, possession, mandates, or otherwise ruled by the United States		4.7
Total	236	100.0

109) Measures the rule of law in the country according the International Country Risk Guide, as reported in the LLSV (1998) article (RULE_LAW_LLSV)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	49	6.85	2.63

110) Measures the level of corruption in the country according to International Country Risk Guide, as reported in the LLSV (1998) article (CORRUPTION_LLSV)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	49	6.90	2.29

111) Legal_Orig_English_LLSV (LEGAL_ORIG_ENGLISH_LLSV)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		63.3
1) If the country's legal origin is English		36.7
Missing	187
Total	49	100.0

112) Legal_Orig_France_LLSV (LEGAL_ORIG_FRANCE_LLSV)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		57.1
1) If the country's legal origin is French		42.9
Missing	187
Total	49	100.0

113) Legal_Orig_German_LLSV (LEGAL_ORIG_GERMAN_LLSV)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		87.8
1) If the country's legal origin is German		12.2
Missing	187
Total	49	100.0

114) Legal_Orig_Scandinavian_LLSV (LEGAL_ORIG_SCANDINAVIAN_LLSV)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		91.8
1) If the country's legal origin is Scandinavian		8.2
Missing	187
Total	49	100.0

115) Asia (ASIA)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		77.5
1) If country is located on the continent of Asia		22.5
Total	236	100.0

116) Africa (AFRICA)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		75.0
1) If country is located on the continent of Africa		25.0
Total	236	100.0

117) Europe (EUROPE)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		79.2
1) If country is located on the continent of Europe		20.8
Total	236	100.0

118) N_America (N_AMERICA)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		98.7
1) If country is located on the continent of North America, excluding Central America and Caribbean		1.3
Total	236	100.0

119) C_America_Caribbean (C_AMERICA_CARIBBEAN)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		86.4
1) If country is located in Central America (including Mexico) or the Caribbean		13.6
Total	236	100.0

120) S_America (S_AMERICA)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		94.1
1) If country is located on the continent of South America		5.9
Total	236	100.0

121) Australia_Pacific (AUSTRALIA_PACIFIC)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		87.7
1) If Country is located on the continent of Australia or in the Pacific Ocean		12.3
Total	236	100.0

122) Percentage of the population that was Catholic in 1900 (PCTCATHOLIC1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.26	0.38

123) Percentage of the population that was Protestant in 1900, including Protestants, Independent Christians, and Anglicans (PCTPROTESTANT1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.20	0.34

124) Percentage of the population that was Orthodox Christian in 1900 (PCTORTHODOX1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.05	0.18

125) Percentage of the population that was Marginal Christian in 1900 (PCTMARGINALXTIAN1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.00

126) Percentage of the population that was 'Unaffiliated Christian' in 1900 (PCTUNAFFILIATEDXTIANS1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.02	0.04

127) Percentage of the population that was Muslim in 1900 (PCTMUSLIM1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.19	0.35

128) Percentage of the population that was Hindu in 1900 (PCTHINDU1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.02	0.10

129) Percentage of the population that was Chinse Folk Religion in 1900 (PCTCHINESEFOLK1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.02	0.12

130) Percentage of the population that was Buddhist in 1900 (PCTBUDDHIST1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.03	0.14

131) Percentage of the population that was ethnoreligion in 1900 (PCTETHNORELIGION1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.19	0.34

132) Percentage of the population that was New Religion in 1900 (PCTNEWRELIGION1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.01

133) Percentage of the population that was Sikh in 1900 (PCTSIKH1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.00

134) Percentage of the population that was Jewish in 1900 (PCTJEWISH1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.01	0.01

135) Percentage of the population that was Spiritist in 1900 (PCTSPIRITIST1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.01

136) Percentage of the population that was Baha'i in 1900 (PCTBAHAI1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.01

137) Percentage of the population that was Confucian in 1900 (PCTCONFUCIAN1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.01

138) Percentage of the population that was Jain in 1900 (PCTJAIN1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.00

139) Percentage of the population that was Shinto in 1900 (PCTSHINTO1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.01

140) Percentage of the population that was Taoist in 1900 (PCTTAO1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.01

141) Percentage of the population that was Zoroastrian in 1900 (PCTZOROASTRIAN1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.00

142) Percentage of the population that was 'other religion' in 1900 (PCTOTHER1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.00

143) Percentage of the population that was No Religion in 1900 (PCTNORELIGION1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.02

144) Percentage of the population that was atheist in 1900 (PCTATHEIST1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.00

145) Sum of squared shares of all religions measured by Barrett et al. (2001) (HERFINDAHL1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.75	0.21

146) = 1 minus herfindahl1900 (PLURALISM1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.25	0.21

147) Percentage of the population that was ethnoreligion in 1900 if the country is in Asia (ASIANETHNO1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.04	0.15

148) Percentage of the population that was ethnoreligion in African countries in 1900 (PCTAFRICANETHNO1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.14	0.32

149) Percentage of the population that was ethnoreligion in 1900 in Australia/Pacific countries (PCTPACIFICETHNO1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.03	0.14

150) Percentage of the population that was ethnoreligion in 1900 if the country is in the Americas (PCTAMERICANETHNO1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.02

151) Percentage of the population that was Catholic in 2000 (PCTCATHOLIC2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.29	0.33

152) Percentage of the population that was Protestant in 2000, including Protestants, Independent Christians, and Anglicans (PCTPROTESTANT2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.22	0.26

153) Percentage of the population that was Orthodox Christian in 2000 (PCTORTHODOX2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.05	0.15

154) Percentage of the population that was Marginal Christian in 2000 (PCTMARGINALXTIAN2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.01	0.02

155) Percentage of the population that was 'Unaffiliated Christian' in 2000 (PCTUNAFFILIATEDXTIANS2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.04	0.06

156) Percentage of the population that was Muslim in 2000 (PCTMUSLIM2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.20	0.33

157) Percentage of the population that was Hindu in 2000 (PCTHINDU2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.02	0.09

158) Percentage of the population that was Chinese Folk Religion in 2000 (PCTCHINESEFOLK2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.01	0.07

159) Percentage of the population that was Buddhist in 2000 (PCTBUDDHIST2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.03	0.13

160) Percentage of the population that was ethnoreligion in 2000 (PCTETHNORELIGION2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.04	0.10

161) Percentage of the population that was New Religion in 2000 (PCTNEWRELIGION2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.01	0.03

162) Percentage of the population that was Sikh in 2000 (PCTSIKH2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.00

163) Percentage of the population that was Jewish in 2000 (PCTJEWISH2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.01	0.05

164) Percentage of the population that was Spiritist in 2000 (PCTSPIRITIST2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.02

165) Percentage of the population that was Baha'i in 2000 (PCTBAHAI2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.01

166) Percentage of the population that was Confucian in 2000 (PCTCONFUCIAN2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.01

167) Percentage of the population that was Jain in 2000 (PCTJAIN2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.00

168) Percentage of the population that was Shinto in 2000 (PCTSHINTO2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.00

169) Percentage of the population that was Taoist in 2000 (PCTTAO2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.01

170) Percentage of the population that was Zoroastrian in 2000 (PCTZOROASTRIAN2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.00

171) Percentage of the population that was 'other religion' in 2000 (PCTOTHER2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.00

172) Percentage of the population that was No Religion in 2000 (PCTNORELIGION2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.05	0.08

173) Percentage of the population that was atheist in 2000 (PCTATHEIST_2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.01	0.02

174) Sum of squared shares of all religions measured by Barrett et al. (2001) (PCTHERFINDAHL2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.55	0.22

175) = 1 minus herfindahl2000 (PLURALISM2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.45	0.22

176) Percentage of the population that was ethnoreligion in 2000 if the country is in Asia (PCTASIANETHNO2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.02	0.08

177) Percentage of the population that was ethnoreligion in African countries in 2000 (PCTAFRICANETHNO_2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.03	0.10

178) Percentage of the population that was ethnoreligion in 2000 in Australia/Pacific countries (PCTPACIFICETHNO2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.01

179) Percentage of the population that was ethnoreligion in 2000 if the country is in the Americas (PCTAMERICANETHNO2000)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	236	0.00	0.00

180) String variable indicating which wave of the World Values Survey was used to calculate WVS statistics (WAVE)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	82	19,984,076.38	18,376.39

181) Percent of country's population claiming to be a religious person (PCTRELIGIOUSPERSON)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	80	72.03	18.47

182) Percent of country's population claiming to believe in God (BELIEVEGOD)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	80	0.86	0.16

183) Percent of country's population claiming to believe in the Devil (BELIEVEDEV)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	63	0.46	0.22

184) Percent of country's population claiming to believe in hell (BELIEVEHELL)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	80	0.54	0.28

185) Percent of country's population claiming to believe in heaven (BELIEVEHEAVEN)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	80	0.65	0.26

186) Percentage of the country's population reporting attendance at religious services at least once per week (PCTATTENDCHURCHWEEKLY)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	81	29.41	22.69

187) Percentage of the country's population reporting attendance at religious services at least once per month (PCTATTENDCHURCHMONTHLY)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	81	40.88	23.99

188) National primary school enrollment ratio (Note that for Estonia we linearly interpolated the 1930 value from the 1920 and 1935 values) (ENROLLMENT1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	145	33.97	25.24

189) Educ_Sample=1 if have data for enrollment 1930 (EDUC_SAMPLE)

	TOTAL	%
0) If enrollment 1930 is missing		38.6
1) If data exists for enrollment 1930		61.4
Total	236	100.0

190) Measure of ethnolinguistic fractionalization taken from LLSV (1999) (LLSV_ETHNOLING_FRAC)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	157	0.33	0.30

191) Measure of ethnolinguistic fractionalization taken from Alesina et al. (2003) (WASCIARG_ETHNOLING_FRAC)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	225	0.41	0.31

192) LLSV99_Legal_Origin (LLSV99_LEGAL_ORIGIN)
193) LLSV99_English LLSV99_Legal_Origin==En (LLSV99_ENGLISH)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		67.3
1) If the country's legal origin is English		32.7
Missing	34
Total	202	100.0

194) LLSV_French LLSV99_Legal_Origin==Fr (LLSV99_FRENCH)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		55.4
1) If the country's legal origin is French		44.6
Missing	34
Total	202	100.0

195) LLSV99_German LLSV99_Legal_Origin==Ger (LLSV99_GERMAN)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		96.5
1) If the country's legal origin is German		3.5
Missing	34
Total	202	100.0

196) LLSV99_Scandinavian LLSV99_Legal_Origin==Scan (LLSV99_SCANDINAVIAN)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		97.5
1) If the country's legal origin is Scandinavian		2.5
Missing	34
Total	202	100.0

197) LLSV99_Socialist LLSV99_Legal_Origin==Soc (LLSV99_SOCIALIST)

	TOTAL	%
0) Otherwise		83.2
1) If the country's legal origin is socialist		16.8
Missing	34
Total	202	100.0