History of American Religion, 1770-1930 - Codebook

All frequencies are raw numbers (no weights used).

1) State FIPS code (SFIPS)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	29.32	15.78

2) 1770: Total population (Stark and Finke 1988) (TOT_1770)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	142,093.33	116,383.75

3) 1776: Total population (Stark and Finke 1988) (TOT_1776)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	165,933.33	128,933.86

4) 1776: % of population who belong to church/congregation (Stark and Finke 1988) (MEM_1776)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	9.73	3.54

5) 1776: % of whites belonging to church/congregation (Stark and Finke 1988) (WMEM_1776)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	11.93	2.99

6) 1776: % of church members that are Baptist (Stark and Finke 1988) (BAPPER_1776)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	17.11	14.59

7) 1776: % of church members that are Congregationalist (Stark and Finke 1988) (CONPER_1776)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	23.32	30.87

8) 1776: % of church members that are Dutch Reformed (Stark and Finke 1988) (DFERPER_1776)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	2.71	6.94

9) 1776: % of church members that are Episcopalian (Stark and Finke 1988) (EPISPER_1776)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	14.41	9.11

10) 1776: % of church members that are German Reformed (Stark and Finke 1988) (GFERPER_1776)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	2.89	4.85

11) 1776: % of church members that are Lutheran (Stark and Finke 1988) (LUTPER_1776)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	4.82	6.11

12) 1776: % of church members that are Methodist (Stark and Finke 1988) (METPER_1776)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	1.88	3.14

13) 1776: % of church members that are Presbyterian (Stark and Finke 1988) (PRESPER_1776)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	18.32	11.46

14) 1776: % of church members that are Quaker (Stark and Finke 1988) (QUAKPER_1776)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	9.32	6.31

15) 1776: % of church members that are Roman Catholic (Stark and Finke 1988) (CATHPER_1776)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	1.95	4.44

16) 1790:Total population (Stark and Finke 1988) (TOT_1780)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	181,680.00	137,876.93

17) 1790:Total population (Stark and Finke 1988) (TOT_1790)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	254,660.00	188,159.43

18) 1790: % white population (Stark and Finke 1988) (WHT_1790)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	84.52	16.52

19) 1790: % black population (Stark and Finke 1988) (BLAC_1790)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	15.49	16.52

20) 1790: % white from Catholic Ireland (Stark and Finke 1988) (IRE_1790)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	3.49	1.74

21) 1790: % white of Dutch origins (Stark and Finke 1988) (DUTC_1790)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	2.91	5.84

22) 1790: % white of English origins (Stark and Finke 1988) (ENG_1790)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	61.86	11.46

23) 1790: % white of French origins (Stark and Finke 1988) (FRAN_1790)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	1.67	1.05

24) 1790: % white of German origins (Stark and Finke 1988) (GERM_1790)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	6.01	8.47

25) 1790: % white of Scotch origins (Stark and Finke 1988) (SCOT_1790)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	8.18	4.09

26) 1790: % white who are under 16 (Stark and Finke 1988) (WKID_1790)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	49.13	2.58

27) 1790: % slave population (Stark and Finke 1988) (SLAV_1790)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	13.77	16.47

28) 1790: % white female population (Stark and Finke 1988) (WFEM_1790)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	41.53	8.48

29) 1790: % white male population (Stark and Finke 1988) (WMALE_1790)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	15	42.99	8.13

30) 1850: Total population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (TOT_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	661,148.26	678,414.95

31) 1850: % white population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (WHT_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	84.25	19.18

32) 1850: % slave population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (SLAV_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	13.72	18.98

33) 1850: % urban (2,500+) population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (URB_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	11.78	13.37

34) 1850: Births per 1,000 population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (BABY_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	26.52	5.86

35) 1850: Deaths per 1,000 population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (DEAD_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	13.47	3.95

36) 1850: Marriages per 1,000 population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (MAR_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	19	10.84	6.68

37) 1850: % born in England (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (ENG_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	1.42	1.88

38) 1850: % born in France (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FRAN_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	0.25	0.45

39) 1850: % born in Germany (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (GERM_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	2.02	2.47

40) 1850: % born in Ireland (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (IRE_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	3.24	3.21

41) 1850: % children 13 and under (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (KIDS_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	38.21	7.66

42) 1850: % female population (Haines and ICPSR 2010 (FEM_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	47.06	7.42

43) 1850: % male population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (MALE_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	52.94	7.42

44) 1850: % foreign-born population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FOR_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	9.91	8.74

45) 1850: % free black population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FREE_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	2.03	3.84

46) 1850: Total adherents, all relig. groups (Finke and Stark 1986) (AD_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	251,152.52	252,571.02

47) 1850: % religious adherents (Finke and Stark 1986) (ADRT_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	30.65	7.98

48) 1850: Adherence rate, Baptists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (BAPADR_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	72.12	49.85

49) 1850: % of total adherents that are Baptist (Finke and Stark 1986) (BAPPER_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	22.76	13.47

50) 1850: Adherence rate, Roman Catholics, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (CATHADR_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	46.21	41.74

51) 1850: % of total adherents that are Roman Catholic (Finke and Stark 1986) (CATHPER_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	17.57	20.39

52) 1850: Adherence rate, Congregationalists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (CONDAR_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	18.16	35.23

53) 1850: % of total adherents that are Congregationalist (Finke and Stark 1986) (CONPER_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	5.92	10.75

54) 1850: Adherence rate, Episcopalians, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (EPISADR_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	7.53	8.08

55) 1850: % of total adherents that are Episcopalian (Finke and Stark 1986) (EPISPER_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	2.28	2.20

56) 1850: Adherence rate, Lutherans, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (LUTADR_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	4.61	8.18

57) 1850: % of total adherents that are Lutheran (Finke and Stark 1986) (LUTPER_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	1.38	2.22

58) 1850: Adherence rate, Methodists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (METADR_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	105.66	54.26

59) 1850: % of total adherents that are Methodist (Finke and Stark 1986) (METPER_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	33.55	13.67

60) 1850: Adherence rate, Presbyterians, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (PRESADR_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	29.29	20.98

61) 1850: % of total adherents that are Presbyterian (Finke and Stark 1986) (PRESPER_1850)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	9.38	5.74

62) 1860: Total population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (TOT_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	41	765,079.05	815,339.13

63) 1860: % white population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (WHT_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	41	84.79	18.91

64) 1860: % slave population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (SLAV_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	41	11.72	18.47

65) 1860: % free black population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FREE_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	41	1.56	3.28

66) 1860: % urban (2,500+) population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (URB_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	41	14.80	14.82

67) 1860: % voted for Abraham Lincoln (Woolley 1999) (LINC_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	33	31.15	27.77

68) 1860: % children 13 and under (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (KIDS_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	40	36.20	8.90

69) 1860: % female population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FEM_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	41	45.30	10.09

70) 1860: % male population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (MALE_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	41	54.70	10.09

71) 1860: % foreign-born population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FOR_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	41	28.34	22.40

72) 1860: Number of families (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FAM_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	41	126,781.61	152,066.06

73) 1860: Average persons to a family (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FSIZ_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	41	5.04	0.60

74) 1860: Deaths per 1,000 population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (DEAD_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	39	12.00	3.59

75) 1860: Number of church libraries (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (CLIB_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	39	13.77	23.30

76) 1860: Number of colleges (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (COLL_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	39	11.90	11.48

77) 1860: Number of theological schools/departments (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (THEO_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	35	2.63	3.48

78) 1860: Total number of religious newspapers (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (RPAP_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	7.29	12.82

79) 1860: Total adherents, all relig. groups (Finke and Stark 1986) (AD_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	299,339.95	329,911.27

80) 1860: % religious adherents (Finke and Stark 1986) (ADRT_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	35.32	16.91

81) 1850-1860: Percentage point difference in total adherence rate (ARDA estimate) (CHADR_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	3.99	4.84

82) 1860: Adherence rate, Baptists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (BAPADR_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	56.02	44.31

83) 1860: % of total adherents that are Baptist (Finke and Stark 1986) (BAPPER_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	16.45	11.60

84) 1860: Adherence rate, Roman Catholics, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (CATHADR_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	106.22	195.84

85) 1860: % of total adherents that are Roman Catholic (Finke and Stark 1986) (CATHPER_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	25.42	23.00

86) 1860: Adherence rate, Congregationalists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (CONADR_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	16.03	30.97

87) 1860: % of total adherents that are Congregationalist (Finke and Stark 1986) (CONPER_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	4.92	8.38

88) 1860: Adherence rate, Episcopalians, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (EPISADR_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	7.71	7.78

89) 1860: % of total adherents that are Episcopalian (Finke and Stark 1986) (EPISPER_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	2.33	1.94

90) 1860: Adherence rate, Lutherans, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (LUTADR_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	5.42	8.12

91) 1860: % of total adherents that are Lutheran (Finke and Stark 1986) (LUTPER_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	1.65	2.19

92) 1860: Adherence rate, Methodists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (METADR_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	101.74	57.66

93) 1860: % of total adherents that are Methodist (Finke and Stark 1986) (METPER_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	30.69	14.26

94) 1860: Adherence rate, Presbyterians, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (PRESADR_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	27.08	19.60

95) 1860: % of total adherents that are Presbyterian (Finke and Stark 1986) (PRESPER_1860)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	8.48	5.54

96) 1870: Total population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (TOT_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	46	835,361.91	933,452.57

97) 1870: % white population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (WHT_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	46	85.88	17.91

98) 1870: % foreign-born population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FOR_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	46	0.05	0.13

99) 1870: % free black population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (BLAC_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	46	12.32	18.41

100) 1870: % female population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FEM_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	46	45.27	9.14

101) 1870: % male population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (MALE_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	46	54.73	9.14

102) 1870: % children 13 and under (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (KIDS_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	34.52	7.86

103) 1870: Total adherents, all relig. groups (Finke and Stark 1986) (AD_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	296,561.93	351,768.54

104) 1870: % religious adherents (Finke and Stark 1986) (ADRT_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	33.48	15.64

105) 1860-1870: Percentage point difference in total adherence rate (ARDA estimate) (CHADR_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	38	-0.46	7.97

106) 1870: Total organizations for all religious organizations (Finke and Stark 1986) (TLORG_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	46	1,572.78	1,655.86

107) 1870: Adherence rate, Baptists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (BAPADR_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	46.36	40.37

108) 1870: % of total adherents that are Baptist (Finke and Stark 1986) (BAPPER_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	14.53	11.87

109) 1870: Adherence rate, Roman Catholics, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (CATHADR_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	119.84	175.61

110) 1870: % of total adherents that are Roman Catholic (Finke and Stark 1986) (CATHPER_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	33.69	26.04

111) 1870: Adherence rate, Congregationalists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (CONADR_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	13.47	25.38

112) 1870: % of total adherents that are Congregationalist (Finke and Stark 1986) (CONPER_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	4.12	7.12

113) 1870: Adherence rate, Episcopalians, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (EPISADR_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	8.15	6.83

114) 1870: % of total adherents that are Episcopalian (Finke and Stark 1986) (EPISPER_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	2.91	2.94

115) 1870: Adherence rate, Lutherans, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (LUTADR_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	5.91	9.09

116) 1870: % of total adherents that are Lutheran (Finke and Stark 1986) (LUTPER_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	1.85	2.67

117) 1870: Adherence rate, Methodists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (METADR_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	82.66	57.76

118) 1870: % of total adherents that are Methodist (Finke and Stark 1986) (METPER_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	25.60	15.06

119) 1870: Adherence rate, Presbyterians, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (PRESADR_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	44	21.96	17.44

120) 1870: % of total adherents that are Presbyterian (Finke and Stark 1986) (PRESPER_1870)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	44	6.94	4.81

121) 1890: Total population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (TOT_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	49	1,273,957.35	1,294,797.09

122) 1890: % white population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (WHT_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	87.58	17.27

123) 1890: % urban (2,500+) population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (URB_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	49	28.59	19.74

124) 1880-1890: Non-whites net migration, in thousands (Finke and Stark 1986) (NMIG_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	47	293.28	46.97

125) 1880-1890: Whites net migration, in thousands (Finke and Stark 1986) (WMIG_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	46	298.57	88.51

126) 1890: % black population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (BLAC_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	49	11.22	17.55

127) 1890: % foreign-born population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FOR_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	16.15	11.92

128) 1890: % born in England (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (ENG_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	1.83	1.93

129) 1890: % born in Germany (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (GERM_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	3.32	3.16

130) 1890: % born in Ireland (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (IRE_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	2.71	2.95

131) 1890: % born in Italy (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (ITAL_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	0.31	0.45

132) 1890: % born in Russia (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (RUSS_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	0.35	0.65

133) 1890: % children 13 and under (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (KIDS_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	32.96	5.63

134) 1890: % female population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FEM_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	49	46.62	4.64

135) 1890: % male population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (MALE_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	49	53.38	4.64

136) 1890: Number of families (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FAM_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	49	258,227.10	270,128.99

137) 1890: Total organizations for all religious organizations (Finke and Stark 1986) (TLORG_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	3,419.33	2,952.84

138) 1890: Total adherents, all relig. groups (Finke and Stark 1986) (AD_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	589,494.65	586,313.08

139) 1890: % religious adherents (Finke and Stark 1986) (ADRT_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	43.01	14.43

140) 1870-1890: Percentage point difference in total adherence rate (ARDA estimate) (CHADR_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	45	10.53	13.72

141) 1850-1890: Percentage point difference in total adherence rate (ARDA estimate) (TCADR_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	16.49	10.15

142) 1890: Adherence rate, Baptists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (BAPADR_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	82.24	100.29

143) 1890: % of total adherents that are Baptist (Finke and Stark 1986) (BAPPER_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	16.53	16.55

144) 1890: Adherence rate, Roman Catholics, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (CATHADR_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	127.66	131.27

145) 1890: % of total adherents that are Roman Catholic (Finke and Stark 1986) (CATHPER_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	31.34	23.31

146) 1890: Adherence rate, Congregationalists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (CONADR_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	13.85	22.36

147) 1890: % of total adherents that are Congregationalist (Finke and Stark 1986) (CONPER_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	3.63	5.31

148) 1890: Adherence rate, Episcopalians, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (EPISADR_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	8.09	7.12

149) 1890: % of total adherents that are Episcopalian (Finke and Stark 1986) (EPISPER_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	2.07	1.73

150) 1890: Adherence rate, Lutherans, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (LUTADR_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	15.61	26.53

151) 1890: % of total adherents that are Lutheran (Finke and Stark 1986) (LUTPER_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	3.96	6.55

152) 1890: Adherence rate, Methodists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (METADR_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	103.34	87.68

153) 1890: % of total adherents that are Methodist (Finke and Stark 1986) (METPER_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	23.14	14.74

154) 1890: Adherence rate, Presbyterians, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (PRESADR_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	22.49	14.78

155) 1890: % of total adherents that are Presbyterian (Finke and Stark 1986) (PRESPER_1890)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	5.65	3.56

156) 1900: Total population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (TOT_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	1,510,827.80	1,545,122.79

157) 1900: % white population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (WHT_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	85.32	18.43

158) 1900: % black population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (BLAC_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	10.76	17.20

159) 1900: % rural population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (RUR_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	68.17	20.41

160) 1900: % urban population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (URB_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	31.84	20.41

161) 1900: % foreign-born population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FOR_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	15.00	11.84

162) 1900: % born in England (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (ENG_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	1.28	1.35

163) 1900: % born in France (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FRAN_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	0.14	0.16

164) 1900: % born in Germany (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (GERM_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	2.57	2.45

165) 1900: % born in Ireland (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (IRE_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	1.74	2.13

166) 1900: % born in Italy (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (ITAL_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	0.56	0.73

167) 1900: % born in Russia (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (RUSS_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	0.47	0.84

168) 1900: % female population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FEM_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	46.77	4.88

169) 1900: % male population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (MALE_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	53.24	4.88

170) 1900: Number of families (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FAM_1900)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	322,094.34	335,364.38

171) 1906: Total adherents, all relig. groups (Finke and Stark 1986) (AD_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	910,364.50	923,326.51

172) 1906: % religious adherents (Finke and Stark 1986) (ADRT_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	47.92	12.12

173) 1906: Adherence rate, Baptists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (BAPADR_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	95.50	116.58

174) 1906: % of total adherents that are Baptist (Finke and Stark 1986) (BAPPER_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	17.60	18.37

175) 1906: Adherence rate, Roman Catholics, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (CATHADR_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	158.76	126.74

176) 1906: % of total adherents that are Roman Catholic (Finke and Stark 1986) (CATHPER_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	34.24	23.40

177) 1906: Adherence rate, Congregationalists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (CONDAR_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	14.33	19.65

178) 1906: % of total adherents that are Congregationalist (Finke and Stark 1986) (CONPER_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	3.10	3.74

179) 1906: Adherence rate, Episcopalians, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (EPISADR_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	10.02	7.86

180) 1906: % of total adherents that are Episcopalian (Finke and Stark 1986) (EPISPER_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	2.22	1.72

181) 1906: Adherence rate, Lutherans, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (LUTADR_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	15.20	30.50

182) 1906: % of total adherents that are Lutheran (Finke and Stark 1986) (LUTPER_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	3.44	6.69

183) 1906: Adherence rate, Methodists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (METADR_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	93.23	68.62

184) 1906: % of total adherents that are Methodist (Finke and Stark 1986) (METPER_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	18.88	11.73

185) 1906: Adherence rate, Presbyterians, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (PRESADR_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	24.46	14.03

186) 1906: % of total adherents that are Presbyterian (Finke and Stark 1986) (PRESPER_1906)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	5.40	3.03

187) 1910: Total population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (TOT_1910)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	1,837,949.24	1,834,569.79

188) 1910: % white population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (WHT_1910)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	86.16	18.61

189) 1910: % black population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (BLAC_1910)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	10.22	16.20

190) 1910: % rural population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (RUR_1910)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	61.79	22.71

191) 1910: % urban population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (URB_1910)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	36.88	20.85

192) 1910: % of whites born in England (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (ENG_1910)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	1.16	1.13

193) 1910: % born in Germany (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (GERM_1910)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	2.23	1.99

194) 1910: % born in Ireland (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (IRE_1910)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	1.27	1.52

195) 1910: % born in Italy (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (ITAL_1910)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	1.21	1.43

196) 1910: % born in Russia (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (RUSS_1910)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	1.24	1.48

197) 1910: % female population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FEM_1910)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	46.70	4.49

198) 1910: % male population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (MALE_1910)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	53.30	4.49

199) 1910: Number of families (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FAM_1910)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	405,084.88	406,700.47

200) 1916: Total adherents, all relig. groups (Finke and Stark 1986) (AD_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	1,080,231.73	1,066,614.37

201) 1916: % religious adherents (Finke and Stark 1986) (ADRT_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	49.55	13.00

202) 1916: Adherence rate, Baptists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (BAPADR_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	102.61	126.66

203) 1916: % of total adherents that are Baptist (Finke and Stark 1986) (BAPPER_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	18.05	18.83

204) 1916: Adherence rate, Roman Catholics, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (CATHADR_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	146.85	123.85

205) 1916: % of total adherents that are Roman Catholic (Finke and Stark 1986) (CATHPER_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	31.05	22.23

206) 1916: Adherence rate, Congregationalists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (CONDAR_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	14.30	19.28

207) 1916: % of total adherents that are Congregationalist (Finke and Stark 1986) (CONPER_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	3.18	3.89

208) 1916: Adherence rate, Episcopalians, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (EPISADR_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	10.66	8.44

209) 1916: % of total adherents that are Episcopalian (Finke and Stark 1986) (EPISPER_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	2.35	1.93

210) 1916: Adherence rate, Lutherans, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (LUTADR_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	21.27	31.80

211) 1916: % of total adherents that are Lutheran (Finke and Stark 1986) (LUTPER_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	4.79	7.23

212) 1916: Adherence rate, Methodists, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (METADR_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	100.14	71.78

213) 1916: % of total adherents that are Methodist (Finke and Stark 1986) (METPER_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	19.51	11.18

214) 1916: Adherence rate, Presbyterians, per 1,000 pop. (Finke and Stark 1986) (PRESADR_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	26.25	14.52

215) 1916: % of total adherents that are Presbyterian (Finke and Stark 1986) (PRESPER_1916)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	5.63	3.15

216) 1920: Total population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (TOT_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	2,111,679.32	2,111,504.25

217) 1920: % white population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (WHT_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	49	89.06	14.35

218) 1920: % black population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (BLAC_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	49	9.72	14.80

219) 1920: % rural population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (RUR_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	58.90	21.06

220) 1920: % urban (2,500+) population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (URB_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	41.10	21.06

221) 1920: % foreign-born population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FOR_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	12.05	8.72

222) 1920: % born in Ireland (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (IRE_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	2.98	3.55

223) 1920: % born in Italy (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (ITAL_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	2.23	3.20

224) 1920: % female population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FEM_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	47.96	2.69

225) 1920: % male population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (MALE_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	52.04	2.69

226) 1920: % illiterate population, ages 10+ (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (ILLT_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	6.96	6.10

227) 1920: % of pop. 65+ (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (OLD_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	4.53	1.33

228) 1920: % voted for Warren G. Harding (U.S. Statistical Abstracts) (HARD_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	55.19	15.99

229) 1920: Automobiles per 1,000 pop. (U.S. Statistical Abstracts) (CAR_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	50.26	37.54

230) 1920: Horses and mules per 1,000 pop. (U.S. Statistical Abstracts) (HORSE_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	47	214.93	289.68

231) 1920: Number of families (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FAM_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	486,790.08	490,057.46

232) 1920: Occult practitioners, per 100,000 workers (U.S. Statistical Abstracts) (OCC_1920)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	2.64	1.82

233) 1922: Alcoholism hospital admissions per 100,000 (America 1920-1980) (ALC_1922)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	46	2.29	2.02

234) 1923: Bootleg convictions per all convictions (America 1920-1980) (BOOT_1923)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	47	0.16	0.09

235) 1923: Murder sentence, per 100,000 (America 1920-1980) (MURD_1923)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	2.01	1.37

236) 1924: % voted for Calvin Coolidge (U.S. Statistical Abstracts) (COOL_1924)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	47.45	16.24

237) 1926: Total adherents, all relig. groups (ARDA estimate) (AD_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	1,436,717.77	1,545,778.24

238) 1926: % religious adherents (ARDA estimate) (ADRT_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	56.59	13.19

239) 1906-1926: Percentage point difference in total adherence rate (ARDA estimate) (CHADR_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	8.67	5.72

240) 1850-1926: Percentage point difference in total adherence rate (ARDA estimate) (TCADR_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	31	31.22	9.43

241) 1926: Adherence rate, Baptists, per 1,000 pop. (ARDA estimate) (BAPADR_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	107.01	133.11

242) 1926: % of total adherents that are Baptist (ARDA estimate) (BAPPER_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	17.13	18.60

243) 1926: Adherence rate, Roman Catholics, per 1,000 pop. (ARDA estimate) (CATHADR_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	148.85	121.89

244) 1926: % of total adherents that are Roman Catholic (ARDA estimate) (CATHPER_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	27.02	19.25

245) 1926: Adherence rate, Congregationalists, per 1,000 pop. (ARDA estimate) (CONADR_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	13.53	19.47

246) 1926: % of total adherents that are Congregationalist (ARDA estimate) (CONPER_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	2.54	3.43

247) 1926: Adherence rate, Lutherans, per 1,000 pop. (ARDA estimate) (LUTADR_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	29.40	48.98

248) 1926: % of total adherents that are Lutheran (ARDA estimate) (LUTPER_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	5.45	8.99

249) 1926: Adherence rate, Methodists, per 1,000 pop. (ARDA estimate) (METADR_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	100.34	71.45

250) 1926: % of total adherents that are Methodist (ARDA estimate) (METPER_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	17.30	10.13

251) 1926: Adherence rate, Presbyterians, per 1,000 pop. (ARDA estimate) (PRESADR_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	26.65	15.77

252) 1926: % of total adherents that are Presbyterian (ARDA estimate) (PRESPER_1926)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	4.96	2.99

253) 1928: % voted for Al Smith (Woolley 1999) (SMIT_1928)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	43.37	12.51

254) 1928: % voted for Herbert Hoover (U.S. Statistical Abstracts) (HOOV_1928)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	55.90	12.34

255) 1930: Total population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (TOT_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	2,454,315.82	2,519,963.33

256) 1930: % white population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (WHT_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	49	87.04	14.84

257) 1930: % black population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (BLAC_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	49	9.32	13.56

258) 1930: % rural population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (RUR_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	54.48	20.09

259) 1930: % urban population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (URB_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	45.52	20.09

260) 1930: % female population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (FEM_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	48.49	2.49

261) 1930: % male population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (MALE_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	51.51	2.49

262) 1930: % married population, ages 15+ (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (MAR_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	60.23	2.75

263) 1930: % divorced population, ages 15+ (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (DIV_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	1.36	0.62

264) 1930: % illiterate population, ages 10+ (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (ILLT_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	5.17	4.66

265) 1930: Laid-off female workers per 1,000 females (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (LOFFF_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	2.18	2.24

266) 1930: Laid-off male workers per 1,000 males (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (LOFFM_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	8.89	4.83

267) 1930: Laid-off workers per 1,000 population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (LOFF_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	5.61	3.29

268) 1930: Unemployed female workers per 1,000 females (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (UEMPF_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	30.17	14.45

269) 1930: Unemployed male workers per 1,000 males (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (UEMPM_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	28.56	13.00

270) 1930: Unemployed workers per 1,000 population (Haines and ICPSR 2010) (UEMP_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	48	17.24	7.74

271) 1920-1930: % population growth/decline (U.S. Statistical Abstracts) (GROW_1930)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	14.68	12.84

272) 1960: % voted for John F. Kennedy (Woolley 1999) (JFK_1960)

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
Total	50	48.50	5.46