Catholicism (Western Liturgical Family) - Religious Group Timeline Association
Associated with All Entries - Religious Groups
Events
| Event | Introduction | Type |
|---|---|---|
| 9/11 | On September 11, 2001 ("9/11"), al-Qaeda terrorists crashed two planes into the Twin Towers and one into the Pentagon. More than 3,000 people died. | Historical Content |
| Al Smith Presidential Campaign | Alfred E. "Al" Smith became the first Catholic nominee for president when he ran as a Democrat in 1928 against Herbert Hoover. | |
| American Revolution | When the first shots were fired in 1775, the Colonies didn’t even have a military. Eight years later, the United States had defeated England. | Historical Content |
| Augustus Tolton Becomes Ordained Catholic Priest | On April 24, 1886, Augustus Tolton became the first fully and recognizably African-American Catholic priest. | |
| Bishops' Program for Social Reconstruction | The "Bishops’ Program for Social Reconstruction" (1919) was a Catholic initiative supporting guaranteed wages, health insurance, and worker protections. | |
| Bureau of Immigration | In 1920, the National Catholic Welfare Council gave aid and guidance to new Catholic immigrants through its Bureau of Immigration. | |
| Catholic Charismatic Renewal at Duquesne University | The Catholic Charismatic Renewal is a movement influenced by both Catholicism and Pentecostalism and whose American roots can be traced to Duquesne University in 1967. | |
| Catholic Church Abuse Scandal | The Catholic Church has recently been the subject of a widespread scandal involving Catholic officials accused of sexual abuse and cover-ups. | |
| Catholic Worker Movement | In 1933, Dorothy Day and Peter Maurin founded the Catholic Worker Movement, a group of Catholic communities promoting social justice and hospitality toward the poor. | |
| City of Boerne v. Flores | In this 1997 case, the Supreme Court ruled that Congress had overstepped its constitutional powers in enacting the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993. | |
| Civil War | The Civil War (1861-1865) was fought between the U.S. government and 11 southern states. The Union prevailed, slaves were freed, and nearly 700,000 people died. | Historical Content |
| Cold War | The antagonistic relations between the United States and the Soviet Union, known as the Cold War (1947-1991), lasted for nearly half a century. | Historical Content |
| Colonial Period | Colonial America took root in Virginia in 1607 and gained momentum when the Pilgrims arrived in Massachusetts. By 1760, there were two million settlers. | Historical Content |
| Diocese of Baltimore | On November 6, 1789, the first diocese in the United States was established in Baltimore, Maryland. | |
| Election of John F. Kennedy | John F. Kennedy became the first Catholic President of the United States when he defeated Richard Nixon in the 1960 election. | |
| First Convent of Nuns in America | The first Catholic convent in America was founded in 1790 in Maryland by four contemplative Discalced Carmelite Nuns who came from a convent in Belgium. | |
| First Wave of Feminism | The 72-year struggle to grant women the right to vote evolved as the central theme of the first wave of American feminism (1848-1920). | Historical Content |
| Founding Period | With independence won, the United States of America began creating a new government during the Founding Period (1783-1791), including the selection of the first president. | Historical Content |
| Georgetown Founded | In 1789, Georgetown University became the first Catholic institution of higher learning in the United States. | |
| Great Depression | The Great Depression (1929-1939) brought the biggest economic upheaval in U.S. history. Millions of people were unemployed, banks/businesses failed, and there was sweeping poverty. | Historical Content |
| Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 | The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 (i.e., Hart-Celler Act) permitted more Muslim, Buddhist, and Hindu immigrants into the United States, changing the U.S. religious landscape. | |
| Jim Crow Laws | Abolition freed the slaves, but blacks were kept segregated from whites in the South through local and state regulations known as Jim Crow laws (1890-1965). | Historical Content |
| Joint Catholic-Orthodox Declaration | The Joint Catholic-Orthodox Declaration of 1965 revoked the mutual excommunications of 1054 that led to the Great Schism. | |
| Junipero Serra Establishes First Missions in California | Junipero Serra established Mission San Diego on July 16, 1769. This helped extend Spanish control in California and brought Christianity to Native Americans. | |
| King Philip's War | For 14 months (1675-1676), Indians raided settlements and colonialists launched counterattacks. It ended after King Philip, the chief of the Wampanoag Indian tribe, was assassinated. | Historical Content |
| Knights of Columbus | The Knights of Columbus is a fraternal organization for Catholic men that formed in Connecticut in 1882. | |
| National Catholic War Council | The National Catholic War Council in 1917 allowed the Catholic hierarchy to display its patriotism and to unite on a national level. | |
| Oblate Sisters of Providence Founded | The Oblate Sisters of Providence, founded in Baltimore, Md., in 1829, was the first Roman Catholic congregation founded by women of African descent. | |
| Papal Condemnation of Slave Trade | In 1839, Pope Gregory XVI condemned the slave trade in the papal bull entitled In supremo apostolatus, but American Catholics were tentative about ending slavery. | |
| Plenary Councils of Baltimore | The Plenary Councils of Baltimore were a series of meetings of the American Catholic bishops held in 1852, 1866, and 1884. | |
| Prohibition | The 18th amendment made the manufacture, distribution, and sale of alcohol illegal in the United States for 13 years (1920-1933). | Historical Content |
| Publication of "Economic Justice for All" | The United States Catholic bishops wrote the pastoral letter entitled "Economic Justice for All" (1986) to promote the economic well-being for all citizens. | |
| Publication of "The Challenge of Peace" | In 1983, the Catholic bishops of the United States published the "Challenge of Peace," which denounced the arms race during the Cold War. | |
| Publication of Awful Disclosures of the Hotel Dieu Nunnery | Maria Monk's controversial Awful Disclosures of the Hotel Dieu Nunnery (1836) depicted illicit encounters between priests and nuns, rape, infanticide, and murder. | |
| Publication of Encyclical Humanae Vitae | Pope Paul VI's 1968 encyclical Humanae Vitae reaffirmed the Catholic Church's ban on artificial birth control and serves as a continuing source of controversy. | |
| Publication of Encyclical Pascendi Dominici Gregis | Pascendi Dominici Gregis, a 1907 encyclical by Pope Pius X, defined Modernism as "the synthesis of all heresies." | |
| Publication of Encyclical Rerum Novarum | Rerum Novarum, an 1891 encyclical by Pope Leo XIII on protecting the working class, is a foundational text in modern Catholic social thought. | |
| Publication of Encyclical Testem Benevolentiae Nostrae | Testem Benevolentiae Nostrae, an 1899 encyclical by Pope Leo XIII, condemned the heresy of Americanism. | |
| Quebec Act | The Quebec Act of 1774 led to a resurgence in anti-Catholic sentiment in the American colonies and increased tensions between colonists and the British government. | |
| Reconstruction and Industrialization | During the Reconstruction and Industrialization period (1865-1890), the South struggled to recover after the Civil War. Meanwhile, United States was emerging as an industrial giant. | Historical Content |
| Rise of Equal Rights Movements | The social justice movements of the 1960s were infectious, giving rise to women, racial minorities, and LGBT groups seeking equal rights in the United States. | Historical Content |
| Second Vatican Council (Vatican II) | The Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) was a Catholic ecumenical council that attempted to reconcile Catholicism with the challenges of modernity. | |
| University of Notre Dame Founded | French Priest Edward Sorin founded the University of Notre Dame in 1842. It became the most renowned Catholic university in the world. | |
| Ursuline Convent Riots | In 1834, an anti-Catholic mob burned down a convent and school run by Ursuline nuns in Charlestown, Mass. | |
| Vietnam War | America’s two-decade involvement in the Vietnam War (1955-1975) was costly and divisive. It claimed more than 58,000 U.S. lives and cost 140 billion dollars. | Historical Content |
| War of 1812 | The War of 1812 (1812-1815) is often called the second American Revolutionary War, because it again pitted America against Britain. | Historical Content |
| Westward and Southern Expansion | The United States of America began pushing beyond the boundaries of its original 13 states, until its holdings spanned from sea to sea (1790-1848). | Historical Content |
| World War I | World War I (1914-1919) began in Europe, but grew into an unprecedented global conflict with 65 million troops. It was called the Great War. | Historical Content |
| World War II | With the rise of Adolf Hitler, Germany began annexing neighboring countries, leading to the second World War (1939-1945) and the deadliest conflict in world history. | Historical Content |
| Xavier University of Louisiana Founded | Xavier University of Louisiana (est. 1915) is the only historically black Catholic institution of higher learning in America. |
Biographies
| Name | Introduction |
|---|---|
| Angelica, Mary | Mother Angelica (1923-2016) is the founder of the Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN), the world’s largest religious broadcaster. |
| Badin, Stephen Theodore | Stephen Badin (1768-1853) was the first Catholic priest ordained in America. |
| Brownson, Orestes | Orestes Brownson (1803-1876) was a public intellectual who defended Catholicism and its compatibility with American society. |
| Cabrini, Frances Xavier | Frances Xavier Cabrini (1850-1917) was the first American citizen to be named a saint by the Catholic Church. |
| Carroll, John | John Carroll (1735-1815) served as the first Catholic bishop in the United States and helped expand the Catholic Church domestically. |
| Chavez, Cesar | Cesar Chavez (1927-1993) was a prominent labor leader who fought on behalf of American farm workers. |
| Coughlin, Charles | Charles Coughlin (1891-1979) was a Catholic "radio priest," who was controversial for his anti-Semitic, pro-Nazi views leading up to World War II. |
| Daly, Mary | Mary Daly (1928-2010) was a radical feminist theologian at Boston College who viewed traditional (male) depictions of the Christian God as oppressive toward women. |
| Day, Dorothy | Dorothy Day (1897-1980) was a Catholic activist, known for co-founding the Catholic Worker movement, leading anti-war and anti-nuclear proliferation movements, and promoting assistance to the poor. |
| de Brebeuf, Jean | Jean de Brebeuf (1593-1649) was a French Jesuit missionary priest and early North American martyr. |
| Drexel, Katharine | Katharine Drexel (1858-1955) founded the Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament, a religious order devoted to the education and assistance to racial minorities in America. |
| England, John | John England (1786-1842) was the first bishop of the Catholic Diocese of Charleston (South Carolina) and advocated republicanism within the Catholic Church. |
| Fenwick, Benedict Joseph | Benedict Joseph Fenwick (1782-1846) served as Catholic bishop of Boston from 1825 to 1846. |
| Flaget, Benedict Joseph | Benedict Joseph Flaget (1763-1850) was the first bishop of the Catholic Diocese of Bardstown, Kentucky, and the first Bishop of Louisville. |
| Gibbons, James | James Gibbons (1834-1921) was an American cardinal archbishop who guided the Catholic Church through historic changes and mediated relations between American Catholics and the Vatican. |
| Healy, James Augustine | James Augustine Healy (1830-1900) was the first Catholic American priest and bishop of African descent. |
| Hecker, Isaac | Isaac Hecker (1819-1888) was an intellectual forefather to the Catholic Americanist movement. He was dedicated to defending the Catholic Church and converting Americans to Catholicism. |
| Higgins, George G. | George Higgins (1916-2002) was a Catholic priest and activist during the labor movement. He also helped improve relations between Catholics and Jews. |
| Hughes, John | John Hughes (1797-1864) was a New York archbishop, who oversaw growth in the American Catholic Church due to Irish immigration and advocated Catholic parochial education. |
| Ireland, John | Born in 1838, John Ireland was a bishop of the Catholic Church regarded as a leader of the Americanist movement. He died in 1918. |
| Jogues, Isaac | Isaac Jogues (1607-1646) was a French Jesuit missionary priest and early North American martyr. |
| Maurin, Peter | Peter Maurin’s (1877-1949) vision of a transformed society led to the co-founding of the Catholic Worker Movement with Dorothy Day. |
| Merton, Thomas | Thomas Merton (1915-1968) was a Catholic monk and prolific writer, who denounced social inequality and opened up interfaith dialogue. |
| Nerinckx, Charles | Charles Nerinckx (1761-1824) was a Catholic missionary priest of the Diocese of Bardstown, Kentucky, in the early 19th century. |
| Neumann, John Nepomucene | John Neumann (1811-1860) served as bishop of the Catholic Diocese of Philadelphia from 1852 to 1860 and was the first American bishop to be canonized. |
| O'Connor, Flannery | The American writer Flannery O'Connor (1925-1964) depicted fictional Southern characters confronting grace in depressing circumstances. |
| Ryan, John A. | John A. Ryan (1869-1945) was a Catholic priest and moral theologian who fought for economic justice. He helped inspire and support Roosevelt’s New Deal Programs. |
| Schlafly, Phyllis | Phyllis Schlafly (1924-2016) was a conservative Catholic activist who strengthened the pro-life and religious right movements. |
| Serra, Junipero | Junipero Serra (1713-1784) was a Spanish Franciscan priest who strengthened Spanish control of California and helped bring Catholic faith to the New World. |
| Seton, Elizabeth Ann | Elizabeth Ann Seton (1774-1821) founded the Sisters of Charity of St. Joseph and was an early promoter of parochial school and Catholic women's education. |
| Sheen, Fulton | Fulton Sheen (1895-1979) was a popular Catholic leader, who appeared on popular radio programs ("Catholic Hour") and television programs ("Life is Worth Living"). |
| Spalding, John Lancaster | John Lancaster Spalding, born in 1840, was an American bishop who advocated for Catholic education. He died in 1916. |
| Spalding, Martin John | Martin John Spalding, born in 1810, was a leading bishop of the Catholic Church in the mid-19th century. He died in 1872. |
| Tekakwitha, Kateri | Kateri Tekakwitha (1656-1680) was a Native American Catholic, known for her asceticism and chastity. She was canonized by Pope Benedict XVI in 2012. |
| VI, Paul | Pope Paul VI (1897-1978) oversaw the completion of the Second Vatican Council and authored Humanae Vitae, an important and controversial document in modern Catholicism. |
| XXIII, John | Pope John XXIII (1881-1963) called the Second Vatican Council, one of the most significant events in the modern Catholic Church. |
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